The old enemy : Satan and the combat myth

Part One: Ancient Enemies

Huwawa and Gilgamesh

The Gilgamesh tradition

Variants of the Huwawa narrative

Huwawa and his trees: the ambivalence of the adversary

The dragon and the sea: Ancient near eastern combats

cosmogony or kingship?

Canaanite battles with sea

Marduk and Tiamat

Ninurta and the Anzu-Bird

Ninurta and the Azag demon

Ninurta, Akhenaton, and Psalm 104

Syncretism in the Enuma Eliš

Death and the dragon

The voice of God

Greece and the Near East

Pherecydes and the Canaanite connection

Hesiod's theogony: the glorification of Zeus

Zeus the rebel

Combat at the Red Sea: The Exodus Legend

The survival of tradition

Dry ground through sea and river

Kingship and the myth language

Exodus typology and redemption. Part Two: Rebellion and Apocalypse

The Satan of the Old Testament

The adversary as rebel

Rebellion as combat motive

Which one is the rebel? Enuma Eliš

Athtar: the rebel in Canaan

Phaethon: the rebel in Greece

Lucifer: the rebel in Isaiah

The rebel princes in Ezekiel

From prophecy to apocalypse

The sons of God and the daughters of men

Rebellion and lust: The watcher angels in the Aramaic Enoch books

Semihazah: the mixing of angels and women

Asael and forbidden knowledge

The convergence of Satan and the watcher angels: the Book of Jubilees

The angel of light and the angel of darkness

Giants and tress: the moralized myth

The two spirits

The prophet and the Satanic priest

Antifeminism and theological dilemmas. Part Three: Gnostic and Christian Mythology

The Adam books and the serpent's identity: Gnostic developments from Jewish apocalyptic

The watchers and Eve

Adam and original wisdom

Origins and texts of the Adam books

Seth and the Oil of Mercy

The serpent and Satan

The birth of Cain

Satan's envy of Adam: a Gnostic allegory

Excursus: Satan in the Slavonic Book of the Secrets of Enoch

Apocalypse and Christian Combat

Pauline enemies

Paul and apocalypse

The myth of Psalm 110.1

Paul and his opponents

The adversary and the law

The origins of the struggle

The Pauline tradition

The combat in the synoptic Gospels

The Devil and the Canon. Part Four: The Demiurge and the Devil

Satan the heretic

First born of Satan

Satan and Judas

Gnosticism and the demiurge

The watchers and the demiurge

Valentinian gnosis: the purification of God

Marcion the Literalist

The demiurge and Genesis

Irenaeus: Refutation of the demiurge

Apostasy and ransom

Adam and recapitulation

The watcher angels in the early Church

Origen's wicked angels: universal fall and redemption

Origen and interpretation

Redemption and ransom

The Enoch tradition

Origen on first principles

Celsus and pagan allegory

Origen's reply to Celsus

Part Five: Augustine and the structure of Christian Mythology

Augustine: the task and the opponents

Christian variations of fall and redemption

Manichaeism: the divided cosmos

Manichaean dualism and Augustinian dialectic

Heresy and opposition

The theory of sin

The city of sin and the city of grace

Augustine's confessions: the two trees

Augustine and Genesis

Ambrose on Eden

Augustine on Eden: the Anti-Manichaean Genesis

The sin of Satan: the "literal" Genesis

Augustine's Eve

Opposition and conversion: God's plot

Appendix: Methods and terms

Classification of traditional narrative

Propp on morphological analysis

The combat plot

Oral-formulaic poetry