...42 USC § 1981 prohibited racial discrimination by establishing the rights of all persons " to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property."58 Section 1981 applies only to racial discrimination.59...

...provides: "All persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall have the same right ... to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceeding for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens. . . ."'7 The...

...n.48. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 survives to this day in 42 USC § 1981 (1982) (the right "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citi3. The Fourteenth...

...lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property," and to have "full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of person and property as is enjoyed by white citizens." So, too, they are made subject to the same punishment, pains, and penalties in common with white citizens,...

...sue. be parties. and give evidence. to inherit. purchase. lease. selL hold. and equal benefi t of all laws and proceedings for the security of person and property. as is enjoyed by white citizens.636 The civil rights listed in the first section of the bill could be divided into two classes....

...terms that have enabled plaintiffs to challenge workplace discrimination. Accordingly, ties, [and] give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall...

...reflected in 42 USC Section 1981(a), which states that "[a]ll persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall have the same right in every State...evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall...

...foreign power" were American citizens. As such, these citizens "of every race and color" could enjoy the "full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings...person and property, as is enjoyed by white citizens." The federal government had recognized that, in terms of black Americans, such rights — including...

...the act declared that all citizens "shall have the same right ... to full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of person and property, as is enjoyed by white citizens." The act made it a federal crime to interfere, "under color of any law," with anyone's exercise of civil...

...purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property, and to full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of person and property, as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains and penalties, and to none other, any law, statute,...