What is the Meaning of Human Life?Rodopi, 2001 - 176 страници This book examines core concerns of human life. What is the relationship between a meaningful life and theism? Why are some human beings radically adrift, without radical foundations, and struggling with hopelessness? Is the cosmos meaningless? Is human life akin to the ancient Myth of Sisyphus? What is the role of struggle and suffering in creating meaning? How do we discover or create value? Is happiness overrated as a goal of life? How, if at all, can we learn to die meaningfully? |
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Страница 21
... Truth , Goodness , Meaning , and the like . God would be identical to and the source of these values . But that identity and ground remain mysterious and beg the question against the non- theist . In sum , proofs for the existence of ...
... Truth , Goodness , Meaning , and the like . God would be identical to and the source of these values . But that identity and ground remain mysterious and beg the question against the non- theist . In sum , proofs for the existence of ...
Страница 22
... Truth , and Value , and the ultimate demonstration that the cosmos is rational and just . Heaven must conjure satisfactions that are understandable now . So the the- ology maintains that the bodies of those earning redemption shall be ...
... Truth , and Value , and the ultimate demonstration that the cosmos is rational and just . Heaven must conjure satisfactions that are understandable now . So the the- ology maintains that the bodies of those earning redemption shall be ...
Страница 24
... truth . Without a stable , fixed foundation for being , morality , and knowledge the spec- ter of radical doubt looms frighteningly . Running through these five convictions is a clear preference for the unitary , universal , eternal ...
... truth . Without a stable , fixed foundation for being , morality , and knowledge the spec- ter of radical doubt looms frighteningly . Running through these five convictions is a clear preference for the unitary , universal , eternal ...
Страница 25
... truth ? Is Plato rebelling against the deficiencies of the hu- man condition by positing a nobler , eternal world ? What can we make of the mysterious notions of the soul's " apprehending " the other world and a particular object's ...
... truth ? Is Plato rebelling against the deficiencies of the hu- man condition by positing a nobler , eternal world ? What can we make of the mysterious notions of the soul's " apprehending " the other world and a particular object's ...
Страница 26
... value . And the cosmos strides cheerfully through time toward in- creasing rationality , justice , beauty , and truth . Hegel's scheme may fulfill Tolstoy's trinity but provides few consolations 26 26 WHAT IS THE MEANING OF HUMAN LIFE ?
... value . And the cosmos strides cheerfully through time toward in- creasing rationality , justice , beauty , and truth . Hegel's scheme may fulfill Tolstoy's trinity but provides few consolations 26 26 WHAT IS THE MEANING OF HUMAN LIFE ?
Съдържание
5 | |
THREE | 51 |
Struggle and Suffering | 62 |
Deflationary Accounts of the Meaning of Life | 73 |
Meaning and Significance | 85 |
FIVE Value | 93 |
Infinite Regress and Radical Subjectivism | 95 |
Realism and AntiRealism | 98 |
What Is Happiness? | 126 |
Can Everyone Be Happy? | 128 |
What Is the Relationship Between Meaningful Lives and Happy Lives? | 129 |
Are Moral and Intellectual Virtues Needed for Happiness? | 131 |
Is the Desired Conscious Condition Sustained Joy or Peace Enough for Happiness? | 132 |
SEVEN Death | 135 |
Death Is Irrelevant to Value and Meaning in Life | 139 |
Death Gives Life Meaning | 140 |
Objectivism and Relativism | 102 |
Molding Alternatives | 103 |
What If Our Values Lack Ultimate Foundations? | 112 |
Critical Pragmatism | 114 |
SIX Why Happiness Is Overrated | 119 |
Happiness as Tranquility | 120 |
Happiness and Sociology | 122 |
Philosophy and Sociology | 125 |
Death Deprives Life of Meaning | 146 |
Death Is a Transition | 149 |
Death Is Relevant But Not Determinant | 152 |
Notes | 157 |
Bibliography | 163 |
About the Author 169 | |
73 | |
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Често срещани думи и фрази
absurd achieve activities aesthetic amor fati argue Aristotle attitude belief Belliotti boredom choices claim commitment condition consciousness cosmic perspective cosmos create creative desires embody enduring Epicurus eternal evaluation evil existence experience extended joy faith feelings of happiness finite flourishing Friedrich Nietzsche G. E. M. Anscombe goals grand transcender greatest Heidegger human Ibid illusions imagine important independent infinite regress insist intrinsic value joy or peace Kurt Baier lack Lucretius meaning and value meaningful lives merely metaphysical minimally meaningful moral Myth of Sisyphus nature ness Nietzsche Nietzsche's nihilism normative notion Nozick objective organic unity ourselves Perhaps philosophical philosophical theism pleasure possibilities projects psychological question reality reason reimagination relationships religion religious Robert Nozick robustly meaningful Sartre Schopenhauer sense significant Sisyphus Sisyphus's Stoicism strong realism subjectivism suffering theism things tion Tolstoy's trinity trans truth typically ultimate understand Unger unmoved mover valuable value judgments Walter Kaufmann worthwhile York
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Страница 53 - I leave Sisyphus at the foot of the mountain! One always finds one's burden again. But Sisyphus teaches the higher fidelity that negates the gods and raises rocks. He too concludes that all is well. This universe henceforth without a master seems to him neither sterile nor futile. Each atom of that stone, each mineral flake of that night-filled mountain, in itself forms a world. The struggle itself toward the heights is enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy.
Страница 13 - ... Suppose that all your objects in life were realized; that all the changes in institutions and opinions which you are looking forward to could be completely effected at this very instant; would this be a great joy and happiness to you?
Страница 13 - At this my heart sank within me: the whole foundation on which my life was constructed fell down. All my happiness was to have been found in the continual pursuit of this end. The end had ceased to charm, and how could there ever again be any interest in the means? I seemed to have nothing left to live for.
Страница 13 - ... without any real desire for the ends which I had been so carefully fitted out to work for: no delight in virtue, or the general good, but also just as little in anything else. The fountains of vanity and ambition seemed to have dried up within me, as completely as those of benevolence.
Страница 128 - ... and affections. The happy man is the man who does not suffer from either of these failures of unity, whose personality is neither divided against itself nor pitted against the world. Such a man feels himself a citizen of the universe, enjoying freely the spectacle that it offers and the joys that it affords, untroubled by the thought of death because he feels himself not really separate from those who will come after him. It is in such profound instinctive union with the stream of life that the...
Страница 58 - Sisyphus' climbs to the summit of his hill, and each day of it one of his steps; the difference is that whereas Sisyphus himself returns to push the stone up again, we leave this to our children. We at one point imagined that the labors of Sisyphus finally culminated in the creation of a temple, but for this to make any difference it had to be a temple that would at least endure, adding beauty to the world for the remainder of time. Our achievements, even though they are often beautiful, are...
Страница 58 - But the descriptions so far also provide something else; namely, the suggestion of how an existence that is objectively meaningless, in this sense, can nevertheless acquire a meaning for him whose existence it is.