grey, well mixed together; warp with pink and yellow, or pink and light-coloured brown silk, twisted together. Wing, of a pheasant-cock's feather.

N. B. This, it is supposed, is the Cob-fly, so much cried

up

in Wales.

APRIL. LIGHT BLOA. Body, light fox-cub fur, a little light foal's hair; a little squirrel's bloa, and the whitish yellow of the same, all these well mixed together; warp with yellow silk. Wing, of a light fieldfare's feather.

DUN. Body, dunnest filmert1 or martern's fur, Indian fox-dun, light dun fox-cub, coarse hair of the stump of a squirrel's tail, of a brightish brown or a yellowish cast; warp with yellow silk. Wing, the light feather of a fieldfare.

PLAIN HACKLE. Body, black ostrich herl, with red or black cock's hackle over it; and, in hot weather, add gold twist.

RED HACKLE. Body, red silk and gold twist, and a red cock's hackle, till June: afterwards use orange silk for the body. An excellent fly.

N. B. This is more properly the Orange-fly. It resembles in colour a Seville orange. Wings may he added, either of a ruddy hen or chicken, or of the softest feather of a rook's wing: the first will give it an orange, the latter, a dunnish hue. It has four wings, two next the body, of a very dark grey colour, and two serving as a case over them, sometimes of a dirty blackish colour and sometimes of an orange colour.

2

BLOA WATCHET is a small fly, and appears on the water in a cold day. (Hook No. 9 or 10.) The body, fur of a water-rat, black part of a hare's scut, the pale roots cut off, a very little brown bear's hair; warp with pale brown or olive-coloured silk. Wing, of a hen blackbird.

YELLOW WATCHET. Body, water-rat's fur, the blackest part of a hare's scut, greenish yellow crewel for feet; warp with green silk. Wing, the lightest part of a blackbird's feather. Hook No. 9 or 10.

KNOTTED GREY GNAT. Body, darkest part of a hare's scut, dark brown foal's hair, dark fur of the black of an old fox; warp with grey silk. Wing, the bloa feather of a fieldfare.

GREEN-TAIL. Body, dark part of a hare's scut, and darkest bloa fur of an old fox; light part of a squirrel's

(1) Filmert. This is the animal which Walton, p. 12, calls the fulimart; but the former is a name by which it is very well known at the furriers.

(2) Watchet; Color cæruleus albicans, Skinner. Pale or sky-blue.

tail, and a hair or two of the coarse brownish part of it for feet; warp with ash-coloured silk. Wing, of a hen pheasant.

SAND FLY. Body, dark brown foal's hair, a little bloa squirrel's fur, and the whitish yellow of the same; warp with yellow silk. Wing, the light part of a fieldfare's feather.

MAY. The nine foregoing flies directed for April; and also the BLOA HERL. Body, fox's fur, dark part of a hare's scut, greenish herl of a peacock (if the weather is warm for the season, otherwise little or none of the greenish herl); warp with brown silk. Wing, of a starling's feather.

DUN. Body, dunnish bloa fur of an old fox, mixed with pale yellow, the ends of the hairs of an old fox almost red, some coarse hairs taken out of the tail or brush; warp with yellow. Wing, starling's feather.

STONE GNAT. Body, the roots of the darkest part of a hare's scut, the top or ends being cut off; warp with ashcoloured silk. Wing, a blackbird's feather.

LIGHT BLOA. Body, light fur of an old fox, mixed with pale yellow crewel; warp with pale yellow silk. Wing, light feather of a jay.

ORANGE BROWN. Body, orange-coloured wool, with bright brown bear's hair mixed; warp with orange silk. Wing, of a starling's feather.

2

PEACOCK HACKLE. Body, peacock's ruddy herl; red cock's hackle; warp with red silk.

with brown

BLACK HERL. Body, black herl of an ostrich, and ruddy herl of a peacock, twisted together; warp silk. Wing, the light feather of a fieldfare.

PEWET, OF LAPWING'S TOPPING. Body, peacock's herl, and that of a lapwing's crown feather, twisted together; warp with red silk. Wing, the red feather of a partridge's tail.

RED HERL. Body, two herls of a peacock, twisted together; warp with ruddy silk. Wing, the red feather of a partridge's tail.

JUNE. The Dun, Stone-gnat, Light bloa, Orange brown, Peacock hackle, Black herl, Pewet's topping, and Red herl of the last month, go also through this. There are likewise taken the

WHITTERISH. Body, the root end of the white part of a hare's scut, light grey foal's hair, or camel's hair, towards the tail, the dark part of a hare's scut with some brown hairs mixed; peacock's herl for the head; warp with white silk. Wing, the feather of a sea-mew.

LIGHT GREY. Body, fur of the inner part of a rabbit's leg, the lightest of the dark part of a hare's scut; warp with ash-coloured silk. Wings, light grey mallard's feather.

JULY. The Peacock hackle, Black herl, Pewet's topping, and Red herl of May and June, and the Whitterish and Light grey of the last month, serve also for this. And to those add the

BROWN. Body, hair of a very light brown, or reddish calf or spaniel, and light bear's hair, mixed; warp with pale orange. Wing, the feather of a land-rail.

AUGUST. The Peacock hackle, and the three following flies of May and the two subsequent months, and the Brown of the last month, serve also for this: in which also are taken the

GREY FLY. Body, light grey foal's hair mixed with the dark part of a hare's scut; warp with grey silk. Wing, a hen-pheasant's feather.

BLACK ANT-FLY. Body, darkest part of a hare's scut, and dark brown wool, or sheep's russet, equally mixed, and one single ruddy herl of a peacock, all twisted together; warp with copper-coloured silk. Wing, a fieldfare's feather.

BROWN ANT-FLY. Body, bright brown bear's hair, much weather-beaten. Almost of an orange-colour towards the tail; and, therefore, a few hairs of a light brown, or flame-coloured calf or spaniel's hair, to be added in the tail part; warp with orange-coloured-silk. Wing, the light feather of a fieldfare or starling.

NOTE. The Black and the Brown And Fly I have studied to imitate with other materials, (and have found them succeed very well,) made as follows:

Black Ant. Brown bear's hair, and a little grey squirrel's hair next the roots, peacock herl; warp with coppercolour or ash.

Brown Ant. Light barge-sail, seal's fur and brown bear's hair, peacock herl; warp with orange. Wings of this and the former, starling's feather; longer than the body.

No. IV.

(Referred to from Part II. page 320, n.)

FEBRUARY. PRIME DUN. Dubbing, of the down. of a fox-cub, warped with sad ash-coloured silk. Wings, of the feather got from the quill of a shepstare's wing. This fly is made little but there is another, made of the same dubbing, larger by far.

MARCH. The same flies as are taken in February will be taken in March; and also those hereafter mentioned.

MOORISH BROWN. Dubbing, of the wool of a black sheep warped with red silk. Wings, of the feather got from a partridge wing.

PALM FLY. Dubbing, of the hair of a brown spaniel, got on the outside of the ear, and a little sea-green wool mixed; warped with brown cloth-coloured silk. Wings, of a shepstare's quill-feather.

GREEN-TAIL. Dubbing, of the brown hair of a spaniel, got on the outside of the ear; but a little, in the end of the tail, must be all of sea-green wool, without mixture. Wings, as the last.

APRIL. BRIGHT BEAR. Dubbing, of bright bear's hair warped with sad cloth-coloured silk. Wings, of a shepstare's quill feather. Others dub the body with yellow silk, which is better.

YELLOW DUN. Dubbing, of yellow wool, and ashcoloured fox-cub down mixed together; dubbed with yellow silk. Wings, of the feather of a shepstare's quill. Others dub it with dun bear's hair, and the yellow fur got from a martern's skin, mixed together, and with yellow silk. Wings, of a shepstare's quill feather.

Make two other flies, their bodies dubbed as the last; but in the one mingle sanded hog's bown, and in the other black hog's down. Wings, of a shepstare's quill feather.

And there is also taken an excellent fly, made of dun bear's hair, yellow martern's fur, sanded hog's down, and

(1) The reader is to note, that shepstare, stare, and starling, are words synonymous: vid. Minsheu's Dict. voce Stare.

black hog's down, all mixed in an equal proportion together; warped with yellow silk. Wings, of the feather of a shepstare's quill.

These several flies, mentioned for April, are very good, and will be taken all the Spring and Summer.

MAY. THORN FLY. Dubbing, of black lamb's wool; warped with black silk. Wings, of a mallard's light grey feather.

NOTE. That in all instances where mallard's feathers are directed to be used for wings, they must be those of the wild, and not the tame mallard.

KNOP FLY. Dubbing, of the down of an otter-cub and the herl of a peacock; warped with black silk. Wings, of the light grey feather of a mallard.

FERN-BUD. This fly is got on fern, and the natural one is very good to dib with. It has a short thick body, of a very sad greenish colour, and two pairs of wings; the uppermost are hard, and sometimes taken off, but the undermost diaphonous. And it is dubbed with the herl of a peacock, and very sad green silk. Wings, of the feather of a fieldfare's quill got out of the wing.

LITTLE DUN. Dubbing, of an otter's fur; warped with ash-coloured silk. Wings, of a shepstare's quillfeather.

YELLOW MAY-FLY. Dubbing, of yellow wool, mixed with yellow fur of a martern; warped with yellow silk. Wings, of the lightest-coloured feather of a throstle.

JUNE. BLACK MIDGE, or GNAT. Dubbing, of the down of a mole; warped with black silk. Wings, of a light grey shepstare's quill-feather.

GREY MIDGE, or GNAT. Dubbing, of the down of a sad grey cat, or sad grey camel's hair; warped with grey silk. Wings, of the grey feather of a mallard.

PURPLE FLY. Dubbing, of purple wool, and a little bear's hair mixed, sometimes no bear's hair at all. Wings, of a shepstare's quill feather. Warped with purple silk. SAND FLY. Dubbing, of the wool gotten off the flank of a black sheep; warped with black silk. Wings, of the sad-coloured feather of a throstle-quill. Others make the body of the feather of a heron's neck.

MACKERIL. Dubbing, of light brown camel's hair warped with black silk. Wings, of a red cock's feather.