Of all the tribes of Molluscæ which are scattered over every part of the ocean, the most splendid and best known is the Portuguese manof-war (physalia). This is an oblong animated sack of air, elongated at one extremity into a conical neck, and surmounted by a membranous expansion running nearly the whole length of the body, and rising above into a semicircular sail, which can be expanded or contracted to a considerable extent, at the pleasure of the animal. From beneath the body are suspended from ten to fifty or more little tubes, from half an inch to an inch in length, open at the lower extremity, and formed like the flower of the blue bottle. These have been regarded as temporary receptacles for food, like the first stomach of cattle; but as the animal is destitute of any visible mouth or alimentary canal, and as I have That life's best joys may bless thy friends and thee. frequently seen fish in their cavities apparently May, 1833. From the centre of this group of stomachs, depends a little cord, never exceeding the fourth of an inch in thickness, and often forty times as long as the body. The size of the Portuguese man-of-war varies from half an inch to six inches in length. When it is in motion, the sail is accommodated to the force of the bre breeze, and the elongated neck is curved upwards, giving to the animal a form strongly resembling the t little glass swans which we sometimes see swimming in goblets. It is not the form, however, which constitutes the chief beauty of this little navigator. The lower parts of the body and neck are devoid of colour, except a faint iridescence in reflected lights; and they are so perfectly transparent, that the finest print is not obscured when viewed through them. The back becomes gradually tinged, as we ascend, with the finest and most delicate blue that can be imagined; the base of the scale equals the purest sky in the depth and beauty of tint; the summit is of the most splendid red, and the central part is shaded by a gradual admixture of these colours, through all the intermediate grades of purples. Drawn as it were upon a groundwork of mist, the tints have an ærial softness far beyond the reach of art, and warranting the assertion, that they are often dressed in beauty before which the lily would fade, and the rose hide its blushes, and producing some of the sublime phenomena which have astonished the philosopher. The group of stomachs is less transparent, and although the hue is the same as that of the back, they are on this account incomparably less elegant. By their weight and form they fill the double office of a keel and ballast, while the cord-like appendage, which floats cut for yards behind, is called by seamen the cable. The mode in which the animal secures his prey, has been a subject of much speculation; for the fish and crabs that are frequently found within the little tubes are often large enough to tear them in pieces, could they retain their natural vigour during the contest. Deceived by the extreme pain which is felt when the cable is brought in contact with the back of the hand, naturalists have concluded, I think too hastily, that this organ secretes a poisonous or acrid fluid, by which it benumbs any unfortunate fish, or other animal, that ventures within its toils, allured by the hope of making a meal upon what, in its ignorance, it has mistaken for a worm. The secret will be better explained by a more careful examination of the organ itself. The cord is composed of a narrow layer of contractile fibres, scarcely visible when relaxed, on account of its transparency. If the animal be large, this layer of fibres will sometimes extend itself to the length of four or five yards. A spiral line of blue bead-like bodies, less than the head of a pin, revolves around the cable from end to end, and under the microscope, these beads appear covered with minute prickles, so hard and sharp that they will readily enter the substance of wood, adhering with such pertinacity that the cord can rarely be detached without breaking. It is to those prickles that the man-of-war owes its power of destroying animals which are its superiors in strength and activity. When anything becomes impaled upon the cord, the contractile fibres are called into action, and rapidly shrink from many feet in length to less than the same number of inches, bringing the prey within reach of the little tubes, by one of which it is immediately swallowed. This weapon, so insignificant in appearance, is yet sufficiently formidable even to man. 1 had once the misfortune to become entangled with the cable of a very large man-of-war, while swimming in the open ocean, and amply did it avenge its fellows, who now sleep in my cabinet robbed at once of life and beauty. The pain which it inflicted was almost insupportable for some time, nor did it entirely cease for twentyfour hours. I might now proceed to describe many analogous animals scarcely inferior in interest, but it is time to notice some individuals of another tribe, residing beneath the surface, and therefore less generally known. The grandest of these is the beroe. In size and form it precisely resembles a purse, the mouth, or orifice, answering to one of the modern metallic clasps. It is perfectly transparent; and in order to distinguish its filmy outlines, it is necessary to place it in a tumbler of brine held between the observer and the light. In certain directions, the whole body appears faintly iridescent; but there are several Icngitudinal narrow lines which reflect the full rich tints of the rainbow in the most vivid manner, for ever varying and mingling the hues, even while the animal remains at rest. Under the microscope, these lines display a succession of innumerable coloured scales, or minute fins, which are kept unceasingly in motion, thus producing the play of colours by continually changing the angle of reflection. The movements of the beroe are generally retrograde, and are not aided by the coloured scales, but depend upon the alternate dilatation and contraction of the mouth. The lips are never perfectly closed, and the little fish and shrimps that play around them are continually entering and leaving them at pleasure. The animal is dependent for its food upon such semianimated substances as it draws within its grasp by moving slowly backwards in the water, and retains them in consequence of their own feebleness and inability to escape the weakest of snares. Another tribe of the sea purses, (Salpa,) though much smaller than the beroe, are more complex in structure, and possess a higher interest in consequence of the singular habits of some of the species. They are double sacks, resembling the beroe in general form, but destitute of iridescence. The outer sack, or mantle, rarely exceeds an inch in length, and is commonly about half as wide. The inner sack is much smaller, and the interval between these forms a cavity for the water which they breathe, and for some of the viscera. Their visible organs are, a transparent heart, which can only be seen in the strongest light; a splendid double row of whitish bead-like cavities, forming a spiral line near one extremity, and supposed to be either lungs or ovaries; numerous broad flat pearly muscles, RELIGION-SYMPATHY-THE FORSAKEN ONE-AWAKENING SUDDENLY. 401 barely distinguished by their mistiness; and an alimentary canal, as fine as horse-hair, with a slight enlargement at one spot, which has been called a stomach. This enlargement resembles, both in size and colour, a grain of sand. From the base of the animal arises two longer and four or five shorter conical spines of jelly, curved into hooks at the points, by means of which numerous individuals attach themselves together in double rows like the leaflets of a pennated leaf. Cords of this kind, composed of forty or fifty animals, were often taken, but they separate and re-attach themselves at pleasure. To the gregarious habits of this little mollusque, we owe a very singular and striking phenomena, which I have never seen noticed by naturalists, although we frequently witnessed it near the Cape of Good Hope. The animals are occasionally found associated together in such countless myriads, that the sea is literally filled with them, sometimes over three or four square miles of surface, and to the depth of several fathoms. The yellow spots which have been described, being the only coloured portions of their body, give to the whole tract the appearance of a shoal, or sand-bank, at some distance below the surface. The description is heightened by the great smoothness of the water at these places, particularly in calm weather; for so closely are the animals crowded together, that the water is rendered in a manner less ss fluid: smaller billows break around the margin and are lost, while the heavy waves of the Southern Ocean are somewhat opposed in their progress, and take on in a slight degree the usual appearance of the ground swell. There can be but little doubt that many of the numerous shoals laid down in the charts of this region, but which have never been seen by any but the supposed discoverers, have been immense banks of these gregarious molluscæ. In sailing through a tract of this description, in which the progress of the ship was very sensibly retarded, I have dipped up with the ship's bucket a greater bulk of animals than the water in which they were suspended. How wonderful are the effects produced by the minute links of creation! RELIGION.--Man, in whatever state he may be considered, as well as in every period and vicissitude of life, experiences in religion an efficacious antidote against the ills which oppress him, a shield that blunts the darts of his enemies, and an asylum into which they can enter. In every event of fortune it excites in his soul a sublimity of ideas by pointing out to him the best judge, who, as an attentive spectator of his conflicts, is about to reward him with his inestimable approbation. Religion, also, in the darkest period appears to man as the Iris of peace, and, dissipating the dark and angry storm, restores the wished for calm, and brings him to the port of safety. SYMPATHY. It is by this passion we enter into the AWAKENING SUDDENLY. To awaken children from concerns of others, that we are moved as they are mov- their sleep with a loud noise, or in an impetuous maned, and are never suffered to be indifferent spectators ner, is extremely injudicious and hurtful; nor is it proof almost any thing which men can do or suffer. For per to carry them from a dark room immediately into sympathy must be considered as a sort of substitution, a glaring light, against a dazzling wall; for the sudden by which we can put in the place of another man, and impression of light debilitates the organs of vision, and be affected in many respects as he is affected.-Burke. lays the foundation of weak eyes from early infancy. Written for the Casket. THE FRIAR OF SAINT LUKE. The Friar gently pulled aside the tapestry and entered. The Knight slept, in despite of the pain of the deep wounds on his breast and forehead, and yet it seemed the sleep of a troubled spirit. Coldly and calmly at first the friar gazed upon the slumbering knight; suddenly, a gleam of light flashed across his placid and wrinkled countenance, and his deep blue eye gazed earnestly, with something in mingled awe and surprise, upon him. "H "Holy Saint Luke," he exclaimed, half audibly, "can this-but no, no it cannot be." its glance of Low as his exclamation was it awakened the knight. He turned anxiously around, as his eye fell upon the form and visage of the friar, in a low murmuring tone he exclaimed, "Sancta Maria, ora pro nobis,-who, who art thou?" "A humble friar of the order of Saint Luke, come to admonish thee to prepare for thy departure from this world of woe. If thou hast aught, Sir Knight, which weighs heavily upon thy spirit; if thou hast done aught (as who of us has not) which requires expiation, confess I entreat thee, and be absolved." emotion, he said; "Then thou hast heard of the Lady Vincenteo?" Well was it, that the knight marked not the feelings which this question awakened. The friar for a moment lost all command of himself, seizing his missal with a grasp, more like the hand of a warrior on his sword, than a holy friar on his book of faith, he raised it in the air, and his eye flashed from beneath his bent brows, with a haughty and fierce glare; a word was upon his tongue, yet he spoke not: by a powerful effort he recalled his composure, and when the knight looked up for a reply, there was no vestage of the fiery passions on his brow. "Methinks," said he, "I do remember, a lady bearing that name." "Remember her, holy father! ah, who that hath once gazed upon her will forget her. Ye little reck, here pent up as ye are from the world, what love is, or what it can accomplish. Bend ye down here, or sit upon my couch, and I will tell thee a tale will move thy very soul. Yet tell me first, how came I in this monastery? I remember me of the fight, and of a stunning blow upon my helmet, yet more I cannot-all is dark and lacks remembrance." "Thou wert found in the field by a brother of our order, senseless, yet breathing; before thee lay the bodies of three knights, mangled and bloody. Hence thou wert brought hither." "Enough! I slew them all; yet I appeal to heaven for the justice of the cause." tale"- "I feel it all, holy father; scarcely another hour can I hope to live; nearer, nearer." "Holy father," returned the knight, "I have been a man of blood. I have fought in the battle field, when the voice of the infidel cried 'alla illa allah' in the fight; I have borne the banner of the cross to the walls of Ascalon; 1 have beheld around me, Christian and Infidel wounded and dying, beneath the rays of yonder sun, which shines alike upon Moslem and Frank; I have fought for the cross. Holy father, in the dread day of judgment will this avail me aught?" "God only must judge of that, Sir Knight. If when ye fought the infidel, and was solely and entirely for the glory of the only true God; if no vain passion for worldly fame, no earthly ambition bid thee draw thy sword, then mayst thou hope to find thy deeds in the right scale. God, perchance has been requited, and some miswho knows all things, and beholds each spring chance has torn from thee thy bride-Nay speak of action in the human heart, God only must judge of that." The knight turned upon the friar a dark and troubled eye; a deep, awful groan burst from his bosom; he would have spoke, but the words died on his tongue. And the friar bent over the dying man, as he confessed. "The Lady Vencenteo de Vampt Bras, was my first and only love. Thou hast been in the world, holy father; thou hast seen her; perhaps thou hast loved some lady in vain; or thy love not; thy eyes tell me thou hast. Then mayest thou form some idea of the deep engrossing passion which filled my soul. I loved her; I adored her; I would have died, rather than the ungentle blast of misfortune had blown upon her; she was beautiful. Her hair, dark as the face of night, read ought flowed in beautiful ringlets adown her neck; fair and beautiful as the drifted snow was her gentle bosom, and her eyes, oh who could gaze upon them, and not be willing to forfeit his life for one bright glance of tenderness from them? But thou art cold, holy father, thou heedest me not." bent over him. "Go on my son," said the friar, and again he "My son," continued the friar, "if I of that groan and the fearful glance of thine eye, there are other things of which thou shouldst speak: ah, I conjur conjure thee by by thy hopes of heaven, by thy christian faith, conceal nothing from me; unbosom thyself to thy spirtual father." A holy enthusiasm spread over the countenance of the man of mercy, and he spoke as a kind father would to an erring son; yet the knight turned and rolled on his wearisome couch, and his dark eye flashed with a mixture of pride and sorrow. "Thou hast been in Florence, holy father?" ""Tis now twice ten years, my son, since I beheld that city." "Twice ten years," repeated the knight musing; and he bent another stern enquiring gaze upon the friar; the calm, placid look of the friar again quieted him, and turning away his eye, in a voice almost rendered inaudable by "I loved her, and her own lips had told me that my love was requited. Yet we were too young then, to think of marriage, and in an unlucky day, boy as I was, 1 placed the cross of Christ upon my breast, and with the army of the good Saint Louis, set sail for the holy land. For five years I fought for the cross, and on the day of Acre, was knighted by the hand of Richard Plantaganet, in the field. The day of my return came round: with a heart full of love and romance, and of tender recollections 1 set sail for Florence. From that day, nought but evil o'er THE FRIAR OF SAINT LUKE-PROVERBS. 403 took me. A storm drove us on the coast of Bar- | "And thou," exclaimed the Knight, "who, who bary, and we were overpowered by numbers, and captured. Ah! bitter, bitter were those days of bondage. The agony of separation, perhaps forever, from the dear object of my soul's affections; the horrors of captivity, the taunts, the bitter malice of our masters, were too much for human strength to support. "One after another, my companions died around me, until I alone was left of all the noble hearts with whom I sailed from Palestine. My tyrants grew less and less watchful, and an opportunity at length offered to escape. I made good use of it, and the next day saw me at sea in an open boat, far out of sight of land, and with but an uncertain hope of being relieved from my perilous situation. Three days of suffering were past, and as the sun for the third time was approaching the verge of the horizon, a ship bearing the colours of my own beautiful Florence, stemming the seas in her pathway towards me; my signal was seen, and I was taken aboard the friendly vessel, and in a few days beheld my native city. "But, gracious heaven! what a tale was told me when I entered my father's mansion. But thy countenance changes, holy father, what is the matter that ye bend your brow?" "Something of this, Sir Knight, I have heard before, and the memory is painful; but on with thy tale, I am calmer now." "1 was told, holy father, that my Vincenteo, her for whom my soul had pined during my absence; on whom my heart doted; that she, holy father, was married to another, to my bosom friend the Count Auselin of Florence. Oh, merciful Heaven! why, why did I not perish in the wilds of Barbary; why was I alone saved, to be made the tool of passion." "Arraign not heaven, Sir Knight; man cannot conceive the purposes of the deity, and whatever is-is meant for a wiser end." art thou?" "Roger De Auselen," returned the friar. "Roger De Auselen, living!" "Aye, living; thy blow was strong, and the wound was deep, yet the Count De Auselen lived to end a life rendered miserable by thy villainy, in a monastery." "And Arnulf, lived to pass a life of horrid misery in the battle field, seeking in vain for death. Roger De Auselen, by thy hopes of mercy, by thy former friendship, I conjure thee, forgive, forgive, the frantic deed of a man rendered mad by disappointed love. Oh didst thou know the feelings which passed through my bosom, when I beheld her, my only love, leaning with fond affection on thy arm, thou wouldst not think me so utterly a villain. Forgive, forgive me!" "Forgive thee, Arnulf! may the forked lightning of Heaven blast thee-ye thee-yet no, no, gracious God forgive me my implacable hatred. Sir Walter-I do forgive thee; and I pray Heaven may forgive thee;" and the count grasped the hand of him who had been his friend and a tear flowed down his cheek, and fell upon the hand he grasped. "A tear, De Auselen," murmured the dying man, "nay, nay, this is too much." The noble friends for a time in silence gazed upon each other. The awakened tenderness of other years struggled in vain for utterance. The pious resignation of the friar, and the deep and sincere repentance of the misguided man, who had wrought on himself and others such awful misery, were meet objects for the gaze of angels. Death began to assert its sway over the knight; "my friend," he said, "my long lost, dearest friend, thinkest thou there is, in the mercy of Heaven, hope for a man so stamped with guilt as I am?" "Heaven is full of love, Walter; and I do believe me thy repentance is sincere." "I believe it, yet by my faith, 'tis sometimes difficult to quell the murmurings of my heart.Under the dominion of what fiend I acted, I know not; but my thoughts, my purposes were deadly-I sought revenge, with the avidity of a devil; would I had perished ere I gained it. One night, my false love and my traitorous friend, were alone on the bay of Florence. They stood pentance-only knows whither. But the soul of upon the beach, gazing at the beautiful moon, which cast a fitful light over the scene. I marked them well, and stealing behind them, I plunged my stiletto first in her back to the heart, and then in the bosom of the count, who turned round hastily to meet me. She fell with a smothered groan, but the count was not so easily dismissed. Westruggled long, yet he fell, and muttering curses on me he expired. Merciful Heaven! what aileth thee, holy father." A deathlike change came over the friar-he gasped for breath, and his hands were clenched in an agony of rage and grief. "Inhuman villain!" he exclaimed, at length, "Thou then, wert the murderer! Thou it was who in that hour of sacred happiness stole upon me, and like a serpent murdered my love." The friar sunk exhausted on the floor, for long abstinence had rendered hin him weak as a child, And the friar knelt over the form of the knight, and muttered ave and pater for the soul of his friend. A deep groan interrupted him and he looked upon the knight; his spirit had departed-God who alone knew his sencerity in rethe friar believed it was to Heaven. A. L. L. PROVERBS. They embrace the wide sphere of human existence, they take all the colors of life, they are often exquisite strokes of genius, they delight by their airy sarcasm of their caustic satire, the luxuriance of their humor, the playfulness of their imagery, and the tenderness of their sentiment. They give a deep insight into domestic life, and open for us the heart of man, in all the various states which he may occupya frequent review of Proverbs should enter into our readings; and although they are no longer the ornaments of conversation, they have not ceased to be the treasure of thought. "The price of liberty is eternal vigilance." This truth, so often repeated, never deserved to be more warmly urged than at the present time. The nation is now reposing from the toils of party strife, but its repose should not be lethargic. |