ground or road while moving along, and at the same time escaping the friction of the ground, and having the best chance of escaping the obstacles in the road also, (which otherwise would raise the carriage and load.) This is effected by employing legs, or feet, to support the carriage when they are beneath it, and upon them it advances for a certain distance; during which time the feet are stationary on the ground till succeeding legs, being brought forward to support and advance the carriage in turn, and the legs which have performed their office, are brought forward to repeat their action.

The wheels, or substitutes for wheels, consist each of four radii or legs, revolving on a centre or axletree, in the usual situation; which radii have a power of extension and contraction in right lines to and from their common centre, and, by means of certain curves, they contract and extend by such a law, (during the period they are in contact with the road) as to support and advance the centre always at the same height. The grooves, in the edges of the wheels, embrace the edges of their respective curves, and thus the whole wheel is prevented from lateral deviation from its true plane of motion, and for the same purpose the interior curve is continued all round; a small curve is fixed on the front of the great one, and a small roller is fixed to the back of the leg, to run on the upper side of this curve, and keep the wheel close up to its place. This curve is not essential, but is a precaution against any looseness in the parts, which should not be put on the other curve quite flush, but so that the rims of the wheels in the legs can get between them.

Specification. The object of the scapers is to enable carriages to go with less labour, to render them easier for passengers and goods, and to prevent the wear of the roads. Common wheels, though they far surpass the sledge for most purposes, and although they may seem to be very perfect, still it cannot be denied that a heavy waggon on them requires the force of several horses to drag it. In all machines of motion, there are somet great impediments to their action, even in a rail-way, because there is a kind of friction produced be tween the wheels and the rail-way itself, besides that of the axles.And, as a proof that this species of friction is very great, Mr. G. says, he has often observed the wheels of waggons (though which, perhaps, 'were a little out of shape), slide along the ground in snowy weather instead of turning, and it would be absurd to ascribe the chief of this to a small axletree.To the motion of boats there is also a great impediment when great velocity is wanted, which is caused by the resistance that the water makes to them under that circumstance; and in the legs of animals in walking on level ground, there is a great force lost by the rising and falling of the body, which the motion produces, unless they prevent it by a peculiar mode of bending and unbending of their joints; to this is to be added that form which is lost by the suddenly stopping of one leg to bring up the other.

The scapers do not seem to him to possess any of these disadvantages on tolerably even roads, if they are well made; one of the greatest seems to be, that when they happen to travel on roads in which there are a great many ups and

downs,

downs, at such a distance frout each other, that one leg generally happens to come in the lowest part of the hollow, and the other leg in the highest part of the rising; in this case they would not act so well as common wheels, provided the ascents and descents were gradual; but if they were not so, and even if they were quite perpendicular elevations or depressions, the scaper would not be the more impeded on that account, and the wheel would; but both these are extreme cases. It is farther to be noticed, that a wheel will generally get over a gradual obstacle more gradually, but without escaping any part of it, and the scaper will get over it more abruptly; but then it has the best chance of escaping it, or at least its highest part; and, if the feet of the scaper happen to come on a perpendicular obstacle, not exceeding eight to ten inches, it will get over it about as well as a wheel.

SUMMARY OF SPORT,

On Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, of the Newmarket First Spring Meeting, 1815.

MONDAY, April 24-Mr.

Dundas's Pyramus, beat Lord Foley's Scapewell, T. Y. C. 100gs. Pyramus the favourite.-Mr. Wilson's Capricorn, beat D. of Rutland's Kutusoff, T. Y. C. 50gs. Two to 1 on Kutusoff.-Mr. Udny's Emily, beat Ld G. H. Cavendish's Cat, R. M. 200gs. h. ft. Seven to 4 on Emily.-The Gipping Stakes of 200gs. each, h. ft. 8st. 71h. each, R. M. were won by Mr. Andrew's c. Garus, by Ham bletonian; beating Mr. Thornhill's Anticipation, Ld Foley's c. by Quiz, Ld G. H. Cavendish's c. by Waxy, Sir J. Shelley's f. by Sor

cerer or Waxy; and his f. by Walton. Seven to 4 agst Garus. Ld Jersey's Cannon Ball, beat Mr. Dundas's Liberator, A. F. 100gs,

Two to 1 on Caunon Ball.-The King's Plate of 100gs. for mates, last three miles of B. C. was won by D. of Grafton's br. f. Wire, 3 yrs old, beating Ld G. H. Cavendish's Cat, Mr. Wyndham's Mermaid, and Mr. Blake's Anna. Four to 1 on Wire.-Sir W. Gerard's f. by Shuttle, agst Ld Darlington's f. by Cardinal York, 100gs. h. ft. Off-The Cockboat Stakes of 100gs. each, h. ft. colts, 8st. 3lb. fillies, 8st. not engaged in the Derby, Oaks, or 2000gs. Stakes, Ditch Mile: Sir J. Shel ley's b. c. by Walton, walked over.

:

Sweepstakes of 50gs. each, b. ft. T. Y. C. Mr. Stonehewer's c. by Selim, out of a Trumpator mare, rec. ft. Mr. Payne's c. by Waxy, rec. ft. from Mr. Neville's c. (dead), by Rubens, 200gs. h. ft.-Mr. T. Perren's Parson Tozer, rec. 40gs. from Mr. R. Prince's Young Eagle, 60gs.

Pounds, by Subscription, for all Tuesday, April 25.-Fifty ages, was won by Mr. Watson's Pericles, beating Lord Foley's Merryfield. Five to 1 on Pericles.

Mr. Craven's Nadejda agst Mr. Udny's f. by Alexander the Great, 8st. 4lb. each, T. Y. C. 300gs. h. ft. dead heat. Two to 1 on Nadejda. -The 2000gs. Stakes of 100gs. each, h. ft. were won by Lord Rous's ch. c. Tigris. Mr. Lake's b. c. Castanet, came in second. The Judge placed but two, ten started. Seven to 4 agst Tigris, and 2 to 1 against Whisker.—Mr. Hallett's Johanna Souflicote, beat Mr. Stonehewer's c. by Gohanna, A. F. 100gs. Even betting.-The Claret Stakes, of 200gs. each, h. ft. D. 1. The owner of the second

horse

horse to receive back his stake; were won by Lord G. H. Cavendish's Bourbon, beating Mr. Wilson's Charlotte, and Lord Foley's ch. c. by Hapbazard. Even betting on Bourbon. Five to 1 agst Charlotte.--The race for the 2000gs. Stakes excited unusual interest. Tigris and Whisker were deeply backed, as also Lord Foley's Glory colt; it was a very fine race, and won by a head. Whisker being beat, Sir Joshua is first favourite for the Derby. Betting 5 to

I on the field.

Wednesday, April 26.-Sweeps stakes of 20gs. each, A. F. won by Sir J. Shelley's f. by Walton, beating Mr. Blake's gr. f. by Rubens, and two others. Two to 1 agst Sir J. Shelley's f.-Sweepstakes of 100gs. each, D. M. won by Mr. Lake's Aladdin, heating Mr. Stonehewer's Hamlet, and three others. Eight to 1 agst Aladdin.-The Port Stakes of 100gs. each, won by the Duke of Grafton's Wire, named by Mr. Watson. Mr. Craven's Eaglet, beat General Grosvenor's Bellaria, 50gs.-The New market Stakes of 50gs. each, were won by Lord Lowther's hr. c. Busto; and the Fifty Pounds, by Subscription, by Mr. Jones's b. c. King of Diamonds.

T. GOODISSON;

riders, by steadiness and exertion, will force themselves into the fayour and patronage of the nobility, &c. on the turf; of such a character, we are pretty well as→ sured that Goodisson must be one, or our friend the artist would not have sent us bis portrait.

COL. THORNTON AND HIS
HUNTSMAN.

N Tuesday, the 25th instant,

P. Robert Milward, huntsman to Colonel Thomas Thornton, obe tained at the Public-office, Bowstreet, a warrant against Colonel Thomas Thornton, Sir Henry Sheridan, Bart. and Jobu Titeux de Terenar, charging them with a violent assault. It appeared that Colonel Thornton went to France about four months since, leaving R. Milward on his estate near Bath, as huntsman. The Colonel returned to England about a month since, and has been living at Pagliane's Hotel during that time. On Wednesday, the 19th, Robert Milward arrived in London, and since that time he has been repeatedly with the Colonel for the payment of his wages, &c. amounting to 871. the Colonel disputed the amount, and said he should refer it to a Mr. Brace; however, at the interview which he had with the Colonel on Monday evening, the 24th,

Mr. COOPER.

ONE or two of our artists, whilst employed in painting celebrate ed racers, or other sporting sub. jects at Newmarket, have amused themselves at leisure with making sketchesof well-known jockeys, and the present is one of the number. In theirs, as in most other lines,

for his food or necessary expences, and therefore be must have some

money; and the Colonel refusing to give him any, and the huntsman refusing to leave the room except he had some, force was used to get him out, and it heing held by the Magistrate that the huntsman was a trespasser after being ordered out, the warrant was discharged.

ON