Apologetics.

Alexander, Archibald, ed. The evidences of christianity. Phila. [1831]. 2 v. in 1. T. 239:9 Contents. V. 1. Alexander, A. Preliminary discourse on the evidences of christianity, with a short account of the treatises which these vols. contain. -Watson, R: An apology for christianity.-Watson, R: An apology for the Bible.-Jenyns, Soame. View of the internal evidence of the christian religion.-Leslie, C: Short and easy method with the deists. 2. Paley, W: View of the evidences of christianity.

Apologia, oder Verantwortung des christlichen concordi-buchs [herausg. von Timotheus Kirchner, Nicolaus Selneccer und Martinus Chemnitz]. Dresden. 1584. Q. 23: R Armstrong, G: D. The theology of christian experience; designed as an exposition of the "common faith" of the church of God. N. Y. 1858. D. 239:1 Arnold, Matthew. Literature and dogma; an essay toward a better apprehension of the Bible. Bost. 1874. D. 239:3

· God and the Bible; a review of objections to "Literature and dogma." N. Y. 1875. D. 239:2

Barnes, Albert. Inquiries and suggestions in regard to the foundation of faith in the word of God. Phila. 1859. D. 239:4 Lectures on the evidences of christianity in the 19th century, del. in the Mercer st. church, N. Y., jan. 21 to feb. 21, 1867, on the Ely foundation of the Union theological seminary. N. Y. 1868. D. 239:5

Butler, Joseph. The analogy of religion, natural and revealed, to the constitution and course of nature. Added, two brief dissertations: 1. On personal identity; 2. On the nature of virtue, with an account of the character and writings of the author by S: Halifax. N. Y. n. d. O. 239:6 Christlieb, Theodor. Modern doubt and christian belief; a series of apologetic lectures addressed to earnest seekers after truth. Tr., with the author's sanction, chiefly by H. U. Weitbrecht, and ed. by T. L. Kingsbury. N. Y. 1874. O. 239:7 Clark, T: March. Primary truths of religion. N. Y. 1869. D. 239:8 Fisher, G: Park. Essays on the supernatural origin of christianity, with special reference to the theories of Renan, Strauss and the Tübingen school. N. Y. 1866. O. 239:10 Fuller, Andrew. The gospel its own witness, or The holy nature and divine harmony of the christian religion, contrasted with the immorality and absurdity of deism. New Haven. 1801. S. 239:11 Gregory, Olinthus. Letters to a friend, on the evidences, doctrines and duties of the christian religion. From the 4th Lond. ed. rev. and slightly abridged. N. Y. n. d. D.

239:12 Groot (lat. Grotius), Hugo de. The truth of the christian religion; in 6 books, corr. and ill. with notes by mr. [J:] Le Clerc [Johannes Clericus]; to which is added a 7th book, concerning this question: What christian church we ought to join ourselves to? by the said mr. Le Clerc. 11th

Contents. Preface.-Natural_problems. - Christian dogmas.-The supernatural.-The limits of science.Revelation. The inspiration of the scriptures.-God according to the Bible.-Jesus Christ according to the gospel.-Note.

Keith, Alexander. Demonstration of the truth of the christian religion. T. p. w. [Edinb. 1838.] D. 239:15 Evidence of the truth of the christian relig ion, derived from the literal fulfilment of prophecy; particularly as ill. by the history of the jews, and by the discoveries of recent travellers. From the 6th Edinb. ed. N. Y. 1832. D. 239: 16 Leslie, C: A short and easy method with the deists, wherein the certainty of the christian religion is demonstrated by infallible proof, from four rules, which are incompatible with any impostare that ever yet has been, or can possibly be; in a letter to a friend, with a letter from the author to a deist, upon his conversion by reading his book. N. Y. 1830. D. 239: 17 McCosh, James. Christianity and positivism ; a series of lectures to the times on natural theology and apologetics. del. in New York, jan. 16 to march 20, 1871, on the Ely foundation of the Union theological seminary. N. Y. 1871. D. 239:18 McIlvaine, C: Pettit. The evidences of christianity in their external division, exhibited in a course of lectures del. in Clinton hall in the winter of 1831-2, under the appointment of the university of the city of New York. N. Y. 1832. O. 239: 19 Mansel, H: Longueville. The limits of religious thought examined in eight lectures del. before the university of Oxford in the year 1858, on the Bampton foundation. 1st amer. ed., with the notes tr. Bost. 1866. D. 239:20 Martineau, James. Studies of christianity, or Timely thoughts for religious thinkers; a series of papers, ed. by W: R. Alger. Bost. 1866. D. 239:21 Paley, W: Evidences of christianity; with a life of the author. N. Y. 1824. T.' 239:22 Porteus, Beilby. A summary of the principal evidences for the truth and divine origin of the christian revelation, designed chiefly for the use of young persons. N. Y. 1850. Tt. 239:23 Potter, Alonzo, ed. Lectures on the evidences of christianity, del. by clergymen of the protestant episcopal church, in the fall and winter of 1853-4; with an introd. essay by Alonzo Potter. Phila. 1855. O. 239:24 Contents. Potter, Alonzo, Introduction: Apologetics.-Littlejohn, Abram N. The philosophy of religion.-Harwood, Edwin. Philosophical scepticism.-Mason, C: On miracles.-Potter, Alonzo. Immutability of natural laws.-Howe, M. A. De W. Physical theory of development. - Atkinson, T: Ecclesiastical development.-Fuller, S: Rationalistic development.-Kerfoot, J: B. The inspiration

of the holy scriptures.-Butler, C: M. Analogies between God's world and word.-Minnegerode, C: Relation of the objective and subjective factors in revelation.-Burgess, G: The modern necromancy no argument against the gospel.-Vinton, Francis. Socialism.-Vinton, A. H. Science and revelation.Hopkins, J: H: Historical evidences of christianity.-Bedell, Gregory T. Internal evidences of christianity.-Extract from bishop Potter's address to the diocese of Penn., may 1854.

Rogers, H: The eclipse of faith, or A visit to a religious sceptic. 7th ed. [Anon.] Bost. 1858. D. 239:33 Newman, Francis W: The reply to" The eclipse of faith," together with his chapter on "The moral perfection of Jesus," repr. from the 3d ed. of "Phases of faith." In Rogers, H: Defence of The eclipse of 239:25

faith. Rogers, H: A defence of "The eclipse of faith," by its author; being a rejoinder_to_professor Newman's Reply. Bost. 1856. D.

239:25

Savage, W. H. An address on the intellectual basis of faith. With Savage, M. J. Belief in God. 231:7

Sewell, W: Popular evidences of christianity. Lond. 1843. S. 239:27

Taylor, I: Lectures on spiritual christianity. N. Y. 1841. D.

Tupper, Martin Farquhar.

239:28 Probabilities; an

239:29

aid to faith. N. Y. 1848. D. Watson, R: An apology for the Bible, in a series of letters addressed to T: Paine, author of a book entitled The age of reason; part 2, being an investigation of true and fabulous theology. 3d ed. Lond. 1796. S. 239:30 Watts, I: A rational defence of the gospel ; with a pref. by A. Alexander. N. Y. 1831. D. 239:31 Whately, R: Historic doubts relative to Napoleon Buonaparte, and historic certainties respecting the early history of America. N. Y. 1860. S. 239:32

5.

1. Practical.

Didactic.

Apostolic fathers. Genuine epistles of the apostolic fathers, St. Clement, St. Polycarp, St. Ignatius, St. Barnabas; the shepherd of Hermas and the martyrdoms of St. Ignatius and St. Polycarp, written by those who were present at their sufferings; being, together with the holy scriptures of the New testament, a complete collection of the most primitive antiquity for about 150 years after Christ. Tr. by William, archbishop of Canterbury, with prelim. discourses relating to the several treatises here put together by the same author, arr. by W. Adams; added, biographical notices of the lives of St. Clement, St. Polycarp, St. Ignatius and St. Barnabas, abridged from Cave's Lives of the primitive fathers, from a late London ed. Hartford. 1836. O.

Adams, Mrs.

241:5

Daily duties inculcated in a series of letters, addressed to the wife of a clergyman. Bost. 1835. S. 241: 1 Clark, Alexander. Workday christianity, or The gospel in the trades; with an introd. note by W: Cullen Bryant. Phila. 1871. D. 241:2 Constantin, Léon, and P: Fournier. Nouveau traité des devoirs du chrétien envers Dieu, [Anon.]; chaque chapitre et chaque article suivis de traits historiques analogues aux vérités qui y sont traitées, par F. P. B. 26 me éd. Montréal. 1861. S. Cyprianus, Thascius Cæcilius. The treatises of

241: 16

St. Cæcilius Cyprian, bishop of Carthage and martyr, tr. with notes and indices. [Library of the fathers, no. 3]. Oxford. 1846. O. 241:3 Edwards, Jonathan. A treatise on the religious

Gurney, Joseph J: Essay on the habitual exercise of love to God, considered as a preparation for heaven. N. Y. [1842]. S.

241:6 Guthrie, W: The christian's great interest, or The trial of a saving interest in Christ, and and the way to attain it; with an introd. essay by T: Chalmers. Phila. 1840. S. 241: 7 Harris, J: Mammon, or Covetousness the sin of the christian church. Bost. 1836. D. 241:8 James, J: Angell. The christian professor addressed in a series of counsels and cautions to the members of christian churches. 2d ed. N. Y. 1838. S. 241:9

Mason, J: A treatise on self knowledge; showing the nature and benefit of that important science and the way to attain it, intermixed with various reflections and observations on human nature. 4th ed. with notes. N. Y. 1824. S. 241: 10

Philip, Robert. The Hannahs, or Maternal influence on sons. N. Y. 1841. S. 241:11 The Lydias, or The development of female character. [The lady's closet library.] 4th ed. Lond. 1840. S. 241: 12 Spring, Gardiner. The contrast between good and bad men, ill. by the biography and truths of the Bible. N. Y. 1855. 2 v. D. 922.6:17 Spurgeon, C: Haddon. Illustrations and meditations, or Flowers from a puritan's garden, distilled and dispensed by C. H. 241:17 Spurgeon. N. Y. [1883]. D. Wilberforce, W: A practical view of the prevailing religious system of professed christians in the higher and middle classes in this country, contrasted with the real christianty. 10th ed. Lond. 1811. O.

Meditative.

Beauties of sacred literature; a compendium of christian doctrine, faith and practice, sel. from various authors, ed. by a lay member of the protestant episcopal church. N. Y. 1864. D. 242: 1 Beveridge, W: Private thoughts upon religion and a christian life. N. Y. 1857. 2 v. S.

242:2 Cecil, R: A friendly visit to the house of mourning, with app. N. Y. 1831. Tt. 242:3 Coleridge, S: Taylor. Aids to reflection; with a preliminary essay by James Marsh. From the 4th London ed. with the author's last corr., ed. by H: Nelson Coleridge. Burlington. 1840. O. 242:4

242:5

Collier, Robert Laird. Meditations on the essence of christianity. Bost. 1876. D. Doddridge, Philip. Thoughts on sacramental occasions; with an introd. by James W. Alexander. Phila. 1858. S. 242:7

Fénelon, François de Salignac de la Mothe. Reflections and meditations selected from [his] writings; with a memoir of his life by J. R. G. Hassard, and an introd. by T: S. Preston. N. Y. 1865. D. 242:8

Fuller, T: Good thoughts in bad times, and other papers. Bost. 1863. D. 242:9

Contents. Good thoughts in bad times. Good thoughts in worse times.-Mixt contemplations in better times.-The cause and cure of a wounded conscience.-Conclusion.

Giles, H: Christian thought on life; in a series of discourses. 2d ed. Bost. 1851. D.

242: 10 Greenwell, Dora. The patience of hope, by the author of "A present heaven"; with an introd. by J: G. Whittier. Bost. 1864. D. 242:11 - Two friends, by the author of "The patience of hope" and "A present heaven". Bost. 1863. D. 242: 12 Hervey, James. Meditations and contemplations; prefixed, the life of the author. Bost. 1857. D. 242:13 Hinton, James. The mystery of pain; a book

for the sorrowful. N. Y. 1872. S. 242: 14 Homar, hermit. Consolation from Homar, an

hermit of the east. Added, a soliloquy by W: Smith. Newport, R. I. 1789. S. 242:6 Juliana, Mother. Sixteen revelations of divine love made to a devout servant of our Lord, called Mother Juliana, an anchorete of Norwich, who lived in the days of king Edward III. Bost. 1864. D. 242:15

Kelly, Denis. Self inspection. Lond. 1845. S.

242:16

Meikle, James. Solitude sweetened, or Miscellaneous meditations on various religious subjects, written in distant parts of the world. N. Y. 1849. D. 242:23

Molinos, Miguel. Golden thoughts from The spiritual guide of Miguel Molinos, the quietist with a pref. by J. H: Shorthouse. N. Y. 1883. D. 242:25 Mountford, W: Euthanasy, or Happy talk toward the end of life, 4th ed., with add. Bost. 1852. D. 242:24

Parkman, Francis, ed. An offering of sympathy to the afflicted, especially to bereaved parents. New ed., rev. with add. by F: A. Farley. N. Y. 1863. D. 242:17

Sewell, Elizabeth Missing. Passing thoughts on religion. N. Y. 1865. S. 242:18 Spiritual voices from the middle ages; consisting of a selection of abstracts from the writings of the fathers adapted for the hour of meditation, and concluding with a biographical notice of their lives. Lond. 1865. S. 242:19 Sturm, Christoph Christian. Reflections on the being and attributes of God, and on his works, both in nature and providence, for every day in the year. Originally compiled in german; corr., tr., methodized and greatly enl. by Adam Clarke. Lond. 1854. 2 v. D. 242:20 Taylor, I: Saturday evening, by the author of Natural history of enthusiasm. N. Y. 1832. D. 242:21 Zschokke, J: H: Daniel. Meditations on death and eternity. Tr. from the german by Fredrica Rowan. Bost. 1863. D. 242:22

Hortatory.

Abbott, J: Stevens Cabot. Practical christianity; a treatise specially designed for young men. N. Y. 1862. S. 243:8 Alleine, Joseph. An alarm to unconverted sinners, in a serious treatise on conversion; rev. and abridged. N. Y. [1834]. S. 243: 2 Baxter, R: A call to the unconverted to turn and live. N. Y. 1853. S. 243:3 Doddridge, Philip. Rise and progress of religion in the soul. Liverpool. n. d. Tt. 243:4 Eliot, W: Greenleaf. Lectures to young men. 4th ed. Bost. 1854. D. 243:5

Faber, F: W: Growth in holiness, or The progress of the spiritual life. With the approbation of J: N. Neumann. 8th amer. ed. Balt. 1866. D. 243:6 Fletcher, Maria Jane, born Jewsbury. Letters to the young. Bost. 1835. D. 243:10 Fuller, T: The holy and profane states; with some account of the author and his writings. Bost. 1864. S. 243:7 Hahn-Hahn, Ida Marie Louise Sophie Friederike Gustave gräfin. Aus Jerusalem. Mainz. 1851. S. 243:1

James, J: Angell. Pastoral addresses, chiefly on the subject of christian duty. N. Y. 1852. S. 243:9 Joceline, Elizabeth. The mother's legacie to her unborne childe; repr. from the ed. of 1625, with a biographical and historical introd. Edinb. 1853. T. 243:11 Lacordaire, J: Baptiste H: Dominique abbé. Letters to young men; a complement to his life by the count de Montalembert. Tr. by James Trenor. Lond. 1865. O. 243: 12 Law, W: A serious call to a devout and holy life, adapted to the state and condition of all orders of christians. New ed., to which is added the life of the author. Thetford. 1809. O. 243:13

Pike, J: Godfrey. A guide for young disciples of the holy Saviour in their way to immortality; forming a sequel to "Persuasives to early piety". Abridged. N. Y. n. d. S. 243:23 Sancroft, W: The new whole duty of man, containing the faith as well as practice of a christian; made easy for the practice of the present age, as the old Whole duty of man was designed for those unhappy times in which it was written; and supplying the articles of the christian faith which are wanting in that book, tho' essentially necessary to salvation. Necessary for all families and authorized by the king's most excellent majesty; with devotions proper for several occasions, also a help to reading the scriptures. Lond. 1798. O. 243:14 Spiritual progress, or Instructions in the divine

life of the soul, intended for such as are desirous to count all things but loss that they may win Christ. Pt. 1, ed. by James W. Metcalf. N. Y. 1855. D. 243:15

Contents. Christian counsel, by Fénelon.-Spiritual letters, by Fénelon. - Method of prayer, by mad. Guyon.-Concise view of the way to God, by mad. Guyon.-Spiritual maxims, by père la Combe. Sprague, W: Buell. Lectures to young people; with an introd. address by S: Miller. 3d amer. ed. N. Y. 1835. D. 243:16

Spring, Gardiner. Fragments from the study of a pastor; v. 1. N. Y. 1839. D. 243:17 Thomas à Kempis, [Hæmmerlein, lat. Malleolus]. The imitation of Christ. Rendered into english from the original latin by J: Payne; with an introd. essay by T: Chalmers, ed. by Howard Malcolm. A new improved ed., with a life of the author by C. Ullmann. Bost. 1859. D. 243:18 Tweedie, W: King. Home; a book for the family circle. Springfield, Mass. 1869. D. 243:19 Man and his money; its use and abuse. Lond. 1855. D. 243:20 Upham, T: Cogswell. Religious maxims having a connection with the doctrines and practice of holiness. 2d ed. with add. Phila. 1854. S. 243:21

Williams, Roger. Experiments of spiritual life and health, and their preservatives, in which the weakest child of God may get assurance of his spiritual life and blessednesse, and the strongest may finde proportionable discoveries of his christian growth and the means of it. Lond. printed in the second month 1652; repr. Providence, 1863. O. 243:22

2. Devotional.

Ritual.

Butterworth, Hezekiah. The story of the_notable prayers of christian history. Bost. [1880]. D. 244:1 Paley, W: Clergyman's companion in visiting the sick; containing, Rules for visiting the sick, The office for the visitation of the sick, The communion of the sick, Occasional prayers for the sick, Offices of public and private baptism. With his

Porter, J: The churchman's family prayer book, compiled from the most approved ancient and modern formularies. Prefixed, an essay on the nature and obligations of family religion by T: Best. Lond. [1856].

0. Homilies.

244:2 Certaine sermons or homilies appointed to be read in churches in the time of queen Elizabeth. Lond. 1640. Q. 23: R Hymnology.

Belcher, Joseph. Historical sketches of hymns, their writers, and their influence. Phila. 1859. D. 245: 1 Havergal, W: H: A history of the old hundredth psalm tune with specimens; with a pref. note by J. M. Wainwright. N. Y. 1854. O. 245+2 Hymns of the ages; selections from Lyra catholica, germanica apostolica, and other sources; with an introd. by F. D. Huntington. 1st-3d ser. Bost. 1865. 3 v. D. 245:3

Kurssati, F., ed. Pagérintos giesmju-knygos, kuriose brangiausios sénos in naujos giesmês surassytos Diewui ant Garbês ir prúsû karalistêje ésantiemsiems lietùwininkams ant dûssiû issgánimo podraùg su maldûknygomis, kuriosè ne tiktày sénos, bet ir naujos maldos randamos yrà. Iss naujo pérweizdêtos. Königsberg. 1865. S.

245:7 Palmer, Sir Roundell, earl of Selborne, ed. The book of praise, from the best english hymn-writers. Cambridge. 1864. S. 245:4 Tupper, Martin Farquhar. A hymn for all nations, 1851. Tr. into 30 languages, upwards of 50 versions; the music composed expressly by S. Sebastian Wesley. Lond. 1851. Ö. 245:5 White, R: Grant. National hymns, how they are written and how they are not written; a lyric and national study for the times. N. Y. 1861. O. 245:6 Zabúr aur gît Khudá ki' ibádat ke liye. Iláhábád [Allahabad]. 1872. S. 245:8

Worship.

Bickersteth, E: H: Sabbath evenings at home, or The christian life ill. by scripture images. Lond. 1855. T. 247:1 Bogatsky, C: H: v. Golden treasury for the children of God. Lond. 1850. Tt. 248:1 Prime, S: Irenæus. Five years of prayer, with the answers. N. Y. 1864. D. 247:2

Zittel, Emil. Der protestantische gottesdienst in unserer zeit. In Deutsche zeit- und streit-fragen. 304: 15 v4

3. Religious fiction and anecdote. Abbott, Edwin Abbott. Philochristus; memoirs of a disciple of the Lord. [Anon.] 2d ed. Bost. 1876. S. 249: 10 Onesimus; memoirs of a disciple of St. Paul, by the author of Philochristus. Bost.

Abbott, Jacob. The young christian, or A fa

miliar illustration of the principles of christian duty. N. Y. 1833. D. 249:2 - The way to do good, or The christian character mature; sequel to The young christian and Corner-stone. Bost. 1836. D. 249:1 Adams, W: Sacred allegories. Leipz. 1864. S. x249: 14 Contents. Memoir of the author.-The shadow of the cross.-The distant hills.-The old man's home.The king's messengers.

Bunyan, J: The pilgrim's progress from this world to that which is to come; containing his authenticated third part, "The travels of the ungodly," collated for the first time with the early ed. and the phraseology of all his works, with ill. notes by T: Scott; containing also an essay on the life and writings of Bunyan by Josiah Conder. Phila. 1847. O. 249:3 - The pilgrim's progress from this world to that which is to come; with a memoir and notes by G: Offor. Ill. N. Y. [1883]. O. 249:3 Cheever, G: Barrell. Lectures on the Pilgrim's progress, and on the life and times of John Bunyan. 8th ed. N. Y. 1849. D. 249:4 Clarke, James Freeman. The legend of Thomas Didymus, the jewish sceptic. Bost. 1881. D. 249: 19 Gladden, Washington. The christian league of Connecticut. N. Y. [1883]. D.

249: 13

x denotes books specially adapted for children.

Hackett, Horatio Balch. Christian memorials of the war, or Scenes and incidents, illustrative of religious faith and principle, patriotism and bravery in our army, with historical notes. Bost. 1864. D. 249:5 Ingraham, Joseph Holt. The pillar of fire. T. p. w. D. 249:20 Island of life, The ; an allegory by a clergyman. New ed. Bost. 1853. D. 249:6

Monod, Adolphe. Lucilla, or The reading of the Bible. Tr. from the french. Lond. [1883]. D.

New ed. 249: 16

Thisted, Waldemar Adolph, (M. Rowel, Emanuel St. Hermidad, Herodion, Hortulanus). Letters from hell. Given in english by L. W. J. S., with a preface by G: Macdonald. [Anon.] Lond. 1885. D. 249:18 Wallace, Lewis. Ben-Hur; a tale of the Christ. N. Y. 1880. S. W 301 Warner, Susan. The word; walks from Eden. N. Y. 1866. S. 249:8 Wilberforce, S: The prophet's guard. N. Y. 1846. T.

1. Homiletics.

Baxter, R: The reformed pastor; showing the nature of the pastoral work, abridged by T: Rutherford. N. Y. 1821. T. 251:1 Gresley, W: Ecclesiastes anglicanus; a treatise on preaching, as adopted to a church of England congregation, in a series of letters to a young clergyman. 1st amer. from the 2d eng. ed., with supp. notes, coll. and arr. by B: I. Haight. N. Y. 1843. D.

251:2

Parker, Joseph. Ad clerum; advices to a young preacher. Bost. 1871. D. 251:5 Phelps, Austin. Men and books, or Studies in homiletics; lectures introductory to the theory of preaching. N. Y. 1882. O. 251:10 Plumer, W: Swan. Hints and helps in pastoral theology. N. Y. 1874. D. 251:6 Spring, Gardiner. The power of the pulpit, or Thoughts addressed to christian ministers and those who hear them. N. Y. 1848. O. 251:7 Sumner, J: Bird. Apostolical preaching con

249:15

sidered in an examination of St. Paul's epistles. 1st amer. ed. N. Y. 1830. D. 251:8 - Four sermons on subjects relating to the christian ministry; and preached on different occasions. In his Apostolical preaching. 251:8 Tyng, Stephen Higginson. The office and duty of a christian pastor. N. Y. 1874. D. 251:9

2. Sermons.

Fish, H: Clay. History and repository of pulpit eloquence, deceased divines, containing the masterpieces of Bossuet, Bourdaloue.... etc., with discourses from Chrysostom, Basil....and others among the Fathers, and from Wickliffe, Luther....etc., of the reformers, also sixty other celebrated sermons from as many eminent divines in the greek and latin, english, german, irish, french, scottish, american and welsh churches, a large number of which have now, for the first time, been tr.; the whole arr. in their proper order, and accompanied with historical sketches of preaching in the different countries represented, and biographical and critical notices of the several preachers and their discourses. N. Y. 1857. 2 v. 0. 252+26

Contents. V. 1. The greek and latin pulpit: Tertullian; Cyprian; Athanasius; Cyril; Gregory Nazianzen; Basil, the great; Chrysostom; Augustine.