event exceedingly desirable to so fond a father, with such a title and estate, and no other child to inherit them. When the servants were withdrawn, his lordship filled out a glass of wine to the bishop of Rochester, who sat next him, and desired the prelate to drink "to the health of Lord Pulteney, and his safe return." The bishop of Bristol said, with some solemnity, "My lord, I drink your good health.""No! no!" said Lord Bath-"you are to drink to Lord Pulteney's good health."—" My lord, rejoined the bishop, I drink to your good health, and may God support you under your afflictions!" Upon which Dr Douglas, bursting into tears, related the matter. "It was,' says Bishop Newton, "a moving, melancholy sight, to see that great and good old man in the agonies of grief on so sad and just an occasion, and might have moved those who were less interested about the parties than we were." Lord Pulteney, though not equal perhaps in talents to his father, yet had assiduously cultivated a naturally good understanding, and would have done honour to his rank had his life been spared.

In October, 1749, Dr Douglas took possession of the living of EatonConstantine, and the donation of Uppington, in Shropshire, on the presentation of Lord Bath. In November, 1750, he published his first literary work, The Vindication of Milton' from the charge of plagiarism brought against him by Lauder. In the same year he was presented by Lord Bath to the living of High Ercall, and vacated that of EatonConstantine. He only resided occasionally on his livings; at the desire of Lord Bath, he took a house contiguous to Bath house, where he passed the winter months. In the summer he generally accompanied Lord Bath in his excursions to Shrewsbury, Tunbridge, Cheltenham, and Bath, and in his visits to the duke of Cleveland's, Lord Lyttleton's, Sir H. Bedingfield's, &c.

In the spring of 1754, he published the 'Criterion of Miracles,' in the form of a letter to an anonymous correspondent, since known to have been Dr Adam Smith. In 1755 he wrote a pamphlet, entitled 'An Apology for the Clergy,' against the Hutchinsonians, &c; and shortly afterwards another pamphlet, entitled The Destruction of the French foretold by Ezekiel,' against the same sects; being an ironical defence of them against the attack made on them in the former pamphlet, and a burlesque of their style of expounding the scriptures. In 1756 he published his first pamphlet against Archibald Bower; and in the autumn of that year, a pamphlet entitled 'A Serious Defence of the Administration; being an ironical justification of their introducing foreign troops to defend this country. In 1757 he published Bower and Tillemont compared within a very short time afterwards, A full Confutation of Bower's Three Defences; and, in the spring of 1758, The complete and final Detection of Bower.' In the Easter term of this year he took his doctor's degree, and was presented by Lord Bath to the living of Kenley, in Shropshire. In 1759 he published The Conduct of a late Noble Commander candidly considered,' in defence of Lord George Sackville. In the same year he wrote and published A Letter to two great Men on the Approach of Peace,'-a pamphlet which excited great attention, and always passed for having been writ ten by Lord Bath. In 1760 he wrote the preface to the translation of Hooke's Negotiations.' He was this year appointed one of his

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majesty's chaplains. In 1761 he published Seasonable Hints from an honest Man,' as an exposition of Lord Bath's sentiments. In November, 1762, he was, through the interest of Lord Bath, made canon of Windsor. In December of that year, on the day on which the preliminaries of peace were to be taken into consideration in parliament, he wrote the paper called The Sentiments of a Frenchman,' which was printed on a sheet of paper, pasted upon the walls in every part of London, and distributed among the members as they entered the house. In 1763, he superintended the publication of Henry, Earl of Clarendon's Diary and Letters, and wrote the preface which is prefixed to those papers. In 1764 Lord Bath died, and left him his library; but General Pulteney wishing that it should not be removed from Bath House, he relinquished his claim, and accepted £1000 in lieu of it. General Pulteney left it to him again at his death, and he again gave it up to the late Sir William Pulteney for the same sum.

In 1764, he exchanged his livings in Shropshire for that of St Austin's and St Faith's in Wothing-street, London. In April, 1765, he married Elizabeth, daughter of H. Rooke, Esq. During this and the preceding year, as also in 1768, he wrote several political papers, which were printed in the 'Public Advertiser,' and all the letters which appeared in that paper in 1770 and 1771, under the signatures of Tacitus and Manlius, were written by him. In 1773 he assisted Sir John Dalrymple in arranging his MSS. In 1776 he was removed from the chapter of Windsor to that of St Paul's. During this and the subsequent year, he was employed in preparing Captain Cook's journal for publication, which he undertook at the urgent request of Lord Sandwich, then first lord of the admiralty. In 1777 he assisted Lord Hardwicke in arranging his miscellaneous papers, which came out in the following year. In 1778 he was elected a member of the Royal and Antiquarian societies. In 1781 he was again applied to by Lord Sandwich, to reduce into a shape fit for publication, the journal of Captain Cook's third and last voyage. The introduction and notes were supplied by him. In this year he was elected president of Sion college for the year, and preached the Latin sermon before that body. In 1786 he was elected one of the vice-presidents of the Antiquarian society; and in 1787 one of the trustees of the British Museum.

In September of this year, he was appointed bishop of Carlisle; and in 1788, succeeded to the deanery of Windsor, for which he vacated his residentiaryship of St Paul's. In 1789 he preached before the house of lords, and of course published the sermon, on the anniversary of King Charles's martyrdom. In June, 1791, he was translated to the see of Salisbury. In 1793 he preached the anniversary sermon before the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, which is prefixed to the annual printed account of their proceedings. Such were his habits of incessant application to the last hour of his long protracted life, that few men could have read more, for he never deemed any space of time too short to be employed in reading, nor was he ever seen by any of his family-except when strangers were present—without having a book or a pen in his hand.

He retained his faculties to the last, and till within two death amused himself some hours each day by reading. thus devoted to the cause of literature and religion, and

days of his

After a life not spent in

solitary seclusion from the world, but in the midst of its most active and busy scenes, he drew his last breath on the 18th of May, 1807, without a struggle and without a pang, in the arms of his son.

Bishop Hurd.

BORN A. D. 1720.-died A. D. 1808.

RICHARD HURD was born at Congreve, in Staffordshire, on the 13th of January, 1720. His parents were, according to his own statement, "plain, honest, and good people,-farmers, but of a turn of mind that might have honoured any rank and any education." After passing some time at two provincial schools, he was admitted, in 1733, of Emanuel college, Cambridge, where he took the degree of B. A. in 1738, and proceeded M. A. in 1742, during which year he was elected to a fellowship; shortly after, he took deacon's orders, and became B. D. in 1774.

The society of Emanuel college presented him to the living of Thurcaston in Leicestershire. In the retirement of his country-parish he prepared his edition of the Ars Poetica,' which he dedicated to Warburton. That prelate soon recognised his fine scholarship, and made him archdeacon of his diocese; he also procured his appointment to the preachership of Lincoln's inn, on the vacancy occasioned by his own resignation.

The twelve discourses which he delivered at the lecture which had been founded by his patron for the illustration of the prophecies, added to the high reputation which he already enjoyed. They attracted the attention of William, earl of Mansfield; and, at the request of that nobleman, Dr Hurd was appointed to succeed the archbishop of York as preceptor to their royal highnesses the prince of Wales and the duke of York.

In 1774 his majesty, with circumstances of grace and regard which peculiarly marked his perfect approbation, conferred on him the bishopric of Lichfield and Coventry. In 1781 the king appointed him clerk of the closet. In the same year he was translated to the see of Worcester; and in 1783, on the death of Archbishop Cornwallis, he had the offer of the primacy, which, however, he declined, "as a charge not suited to his temper and talents, and much too heavy for him to sustain, especially in such troubled times. Several much greater men than myself," added he, "have been contented to die bishops of Worcester; and I wish for no higher preferment."

The remainder of his life was passed, with very few intervals of absence, in his diocese, where he enjoyed an almost filial affection and respect from all around him. His serious employment consisted in the strictest discharge of the spiritual and temporal duties of his station; and his amusements, in literary composition, and the revisal of his former works. He died unmarried at Hartlebury, on Saturday, the 6th of June, 1808, in the eighty-ninth year of his age.

His first publication was Horace's epistle to the Pisos, was reprinted, together with the epistle to Augustus, in octavo volumes, with an English commentary and notes.

1749, which 1753, in two

This work,

6

various editions of which have since appeared, is esteemed one of the most acute and classical pieces of criticism in the language. His ‘Letters on Chivalry and Romance' were republished in 1765, together with his Moral and Political Dialogues,' in three small volumes.1 About the same time, Mr Hume put forth his essay on the Nature and History of Religion,' which Dr Hurd answered with a boldness and perspicuity which suited his calling and his talents. Hume, in his rejoinder, charges him with "all the illiberal petulance, arrogance, and scurrility of the Warburtonian school."

The twelve discourses at Bishop Warburton's lectures for the Lincoln's-inn chapel, were published in 1772. Some passages in them were attacked by Mr Evanson. In the same year he published Select Works of Abraham Cowley,' with a preface and notes, in two small octavo volumes. In 1776, he published a volume of sermons preached at Lincoln's-inn chapel, between the years 1765 and 1776; to which, in 1781, he added two more.

His largest work appeared in 1788: this was an edition of the works of Bishop Warburton, in seven volumes, quarto, with a supplemental volume in octavo. For the deficiencies of this collection, he was attacked by Dr Parr; who, to supply the prelate's omissions, printed a volume entitled, Tracts by Warburton and a Warburtonian.' The last literary labour undertaken by Hurd was the arrangement for publication of Warburton's correspondence.

John Whitaker.

BORN A. D. 1735.-died A. D. 1808.

JOHN WHITAKER was born at Manchester about the year 1735. He went early to Oxford, where he was elected fellow of Christ church, and where he discovered those originalities and peculiarities of mind which afterwards so strongly marked him as an author and as a man. His vigour of intellect at once displayed itself among his acquaintance; but, whilst his animated conversation drew many around him, a few were repelled from the circle by his impatience of contradiction. The character of his genius, however, was soon decidedly manifested in literary composition. In 1771 Mr Whitaker published his History of Manchester,' in quarto, a work-distinguished above all other works of the class for acuteness of research, bold imagination, independent sentiment, and correct information. Nor does its composition less merit applause, whether with respect to the arrangement of the materials, the style, or the language. With regard to the general subject, it may be observed, that Mr Whitaker was the first writer who could so light up the region of antiquarianism as to dissipate its obscurity, even to the eyes of ordinary spectators. The discoveries of our anti

"Some of these pieces had appeared before, without a name, and their success probably led the ingenious author to publish a complete and enlarged edition. These dialogues evince a profound knowledge of the English history and constitution, and breathe a warm attachment to the cause of liberty. It is said that the king, one day pointing to these dialogues, observed, 'These made Hurd a bishop. I never saw him till he came to kiss hands." - Monthly Magazine.

solitary seclusion from the world, but in the m and busy scenes, he drew his last breath on t1 without a struggle and without a pang, in the

Bishop Hurd

BORN A. D. 1720.-DIED A

RICHARD HURD was born at Congrev of January, 1720. His parents were, a "plain, honest, and good people,-far might have honoured any rank and some time at two provincial schoolEmanuel college, Cambridge, where 1738, and proceeded M. A. in 174: to a fellowship; shortly after, he B. D. in 1774.

The society of Emanuel colle caston in Leicestershire. In t prepared his edition of the A burton. That prelate soon r him archdeacon of his dioce the preachership of Lincol own resignation.

The twelve discourses w been founded by his patro to the high reputation w attention of William, nobleman, Dr Hurd w as preceptor to their of York.

In 1774 his majes peculiarly marked bishopric of Lichi Iclerk of the close Worcester; and had the offer of not suited to l sustain, especi than myself," cester; and The rem sence, in respect fro

M

rably actually ; but the ne expressed sa libel by the on he had an opcelebrated writers, of the Roman empire. arties was much attached was well-acquainted. The veline and Fall of the Roman ; but, to his surprise, when he And that chapter, which has been , then for the first time introduced

ceeded, as fellow of Corpus Christi col-Lanyhorne, Cornwall, one of the most that college, where he had proceeded to ht have been expected that retirement and or the pursuits of literature, and that, though an expression of Mr Whitaker-had disapa break forth with new energies. But Ruanveral years, no tranquil seat of the Muses. Mr

a tithe-composition to his parishioners by no Tais they refused to pay; but he was steady to pure ensued between the parties; the tithes were disputes arose upon disputes, animosities were ous took place. It was long before harmony was -Lanyhorne, In 1783 Mr Whitaker published a That he should have published so little in the Con is perhaps to be regretted: his 'Origin of Arianoversial tract full of erudition and ingenious argumenta.