66 many such steppings, and step-dancers are by no means dead, though gone out of village life, maybe. A good dancer was one capable of taking any step music, or without any music whatever. Many of the dancers used stepping shoes or light clogs-the latter preferred in the clog-wearing localities. Nimbleness and clatter were essentials, with a good crowdy to give the music. There were a number of men who were good "crowdies "fiddlers, playing from ear the tunes to which the dancers stepped. The dancing was always on wood-a floor or large table: the latter preferred, as the steppings and beats could be seen to the better advantage. Some danced without the crowdy, but it was to music which they knew by heart and carried in their feet. I think the Notts woman mentioned by G. W. meant the tune of the dance, not the time," for this would be in the music. When the dancing was done without a crowdy, the listeners could tell the tune by the steps and beats on the boards. Sometimes there would be a couple of dancers on the table. When one had gone through an arranged number of steps, he stopped, the other taking his place; and this was done so deftly that there was no break in the music whilst the change was made. The old fiddlers were hard to tire, and one crowdy, with intervals "to wet his whistle," could keep it up for hours. Worksop. THOS. RATCLIFFE. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Some Curios from a Word-Collector's Cabinet. By the Rev. A. Smythe Palmer, D.D. (Routledge & Sons.) DR. SMYTHE PALMER is one of our ablest and most interesting writers on English philology. All of his odds-and-ends are interesting, and will, we hope, send many readers on the hunt for wordmeanings. It is a pursuit possible to all-indeed, suggested by ordinary discourse. saddest things of the day to a lover of English is One of the the ignorance many good writers show of the meanings of the words they use; while the average man (who thinks he can write by divine chance, and does it more frequently than formerly) makes the most hideous mistakes. part of it now known by the name of semantics," Philology, or that is a fascinating subject in reality, and perhaps it is partly the fault of the philologists that it appears dull. Dr. Smythe Palmer has a happy knack of being learned and lively at the same time. gives here some Greek and Latin, as he is bound to He do, but not enough to appal the common man. He gives, further, good examples of words from English prose and verse; for he knows the relative merits of, say, Tennyson and the average newspaper or novel as wells of English undefiled. Some words discussed here have been also treated in our own columns, but the intelligent reader has will find both instruction and entertainment. no need to pick and choose, for everywhere he There is a curious section on Words which feign Relationship,' but are really not connected, such as 66 scullion " and "scullery," ' mattress," 66 scar and "scarify," different meanings now spelt "tight." The Greek pencil." It appears that there are two words of words quoted are also printed in English letters with the quantities marked, which is a good idea. 66 66 99 66 mat and pen and quarterly parts of Book-Prices Current for 1907. MR. ELLIOT STOCK has sent us the second and third The work is issued in sections for the benefit of those subscribers who wish for early information about book-prices. We notice in the earlier section many important items, such as a finely written and Quaritch for 3257.); Caxton, The Royal Book,' illuminated English Psalter (purchased by Mr. 4707. (bought on behalf of the British Museum); Spenser's The Shepheardes Calender,' 1581 (B. F. Stevens, 1807.); and Hamlet,' 1637, 4to, 1071. The No. 4118. entries in the later section run from No. 2605 to magazines. Apart from political articles, which The Fortnightly Review maintains its position as on the whole the most interesting of monthly do not interest us here, we get a glimpse, in Some Letters of Giosuè Carducci' of an admirable scholar and humanist. Mr. Lewis Melville is. entertaining, but not particularly critical, on The better remembered than his ability. Dr. A. S. Centenary of Samuel Warren, whose conceit is. Rappoport has no difficulty in making an interesting article on 'Pobiedonostzev, the Apostle of Absolutism and Orthodoxy,' and Mrs. St. Clair Stobart has a well-argued paper on 'Sex and Suffrage,' which is laudably free from sentimentality. Mrs. H. W. Nevinson shows the suitability of Juvenal's tirades to-day. This is, perhaps, the most interesting article, as being the most novel, for it is seldom that the despised classics of Greece apt they often are only scholars know; and not or Rome are allowed a hearing nowadays. How long since, in a review of an edition of Petronius, of Kipling mentioned at the end of the article have we pointed out some unconscious plagiarisms from his vulgar folks by "up-to-date" people. The lines already been translated into Latin. 66 a are occupied with problems of empire and soldierIN The Nineteenth Century the first five articles and interesting paper on The Angelic Council,' ing. Dr. Smythe Palmer follows with a learned which seems to be implied in Genesis i. 26. He points out traces of the idea that there was consultative Sanhedrim of angels" which assisted in the work of man's creation. signs that the child-mind is being at last intelliChild,' by Mr. Havelock Ellis, is one of the many Religion and the gently investigated, instead of being thwarted or misunderstood by those who have no real recollection of their own childhood. Capt. Vernon Harris which include mawkish sentimentality. Men, he deals with the characteristics of the female prisoner, says, when they start out to commit suicide, generally succeed in their attempt (we know two cases to the contrary), whereas women do not carry it through. He adds: "A woman was well known to the London police-courts who had for years taken poison, hailed a cab, and then preyed on the benevofence of those who had had her rescued and resuscitated. When at last she did overdose herself, it could be truly said that the poor thing had died by misadventure. that criminal women are commonly left-handed. There is an interesting statement Mr. T. C. Down writes on having discovered some new letters and documents 'Pirate Trelawny,' which concern that remarkable man's behaviour in Greece. Mr. Herbert Paul gossips pleasantly about Idle Reading.' The Rev. A. J. Church, an author for forty-six years, in 'Authors and Publishers' declares emphatically that and hard dealing, so freely brought against pubthe charges of rapacity lishers are unjust." Shilling Burlington, represents admirably the The Burlington Magazine, with its offspring The opinions of experts on artistic matters, and the promoters deserve the warmest congratulation on their successful establishment of a magazine which tolerates no idle verbiage or skilful journalese, and at home, on the Continent, and in the United may be relied upon to present sound views of art Prof. Holmes in the work of editing form a States. The "consultative committee" who assist guarantee for scholarly work. The present number leads off with a frontispiece of Chardin's 'Woman with a Frying-Pan,' and also includes illustrations of some fine old silver plate; A Winter's Dawn,' for Modern Painting'; an early Persian bowl by Mr. Alfred East, in connexion with 'The Case The National Review, after a acquired last year by the British Museum; 'London Episodes of the Month,' leads off with a poem Shepherd's gallery. Perhaps, however, the most summary of Leaded Steeples'; and an equestrian 'Charles I.' by the Laureate, 'The Deeper Note.' The army by Gainsborough after Van Dyck, from Messrs. and other matters of political moment receive attractive illustration and article for the ordinary vigorous treatment. Lord Cranworth deals with an important subject in Game Preservation in East just acquired by the British Museum. There are reader concerns 'A Portrait Bust of Agrippina,' Africa,' and points out that two animals unaffected numerous other notes and articles of value; but by the rinderpest-the elephant and the rhinoceros instead of going into detail further, we advise all are threatened with extermination since the in-art-lovers to procure a magazine which cannot fail troduction of firearms. He is justified in referring to offer them something attractive. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: : to "the refining or devastating......influence of the white man. Mr. A. Maurice Low in American Affairs' says that the masses who believe in Mr. Roosevelt are not shaken in their belief by the disclosures of Mr. Harriman. Literary Misfits,' by Mr. W. Hamilton Fyfe, is a discussion of style. His article is an appeal against meaningless preciosity, but overdoes that side of the question, and address of the sender, not necessarily for pubON all communications must be written the name including several statements which cannot be re-lication, but as a guarantee of good faith. garded as "of the centre" by literary critics. Miss Alys Hallard has Some Unpublished Notes on Ernest Renan,' which are attractive, bringing out clearly the fluid state of his beliefs. In this respect Renan's mind resembles a large body of cultivated opinion which has, perhaps, never made itself felt, precisely because it has no firm basis of dogma or conviction. The Cornhill Magazine has a mixture of dialogue and verse by Mrs. Margaret L. Woods, entitled "The May Morning and the Old Man.' Mrs. Woods seems to us to owe something in style to Matthew Arnold, and has some pretty lines of her own. Buttercups figure prominently, so evidently the 1st of May is not the season figured. Prof. G. H. Bryan discusses The Problem of the Flying Machine,' and insists on the necessity of mathematical calculations made by a "stabilimeter." Mr. Horace Hutchinson, writing on Boys and Birds,' hopes that "the Wild Birds' Protection Act will not rob boyhood of its inducement to the study of the birds and other wild things." Mr. Hartley Withers deals with The Rise of Insurance, and we wonder that he does not quote Shakespeare's "putter out of five for one" (Tempest,' III. iii.), and explain the usage which it records. 'A Great Darwinian and his Friends,' by Mr. Leonard Huxley, deals with the career of Sir Joseph Hooker, Darwin's closest and oldest friend, and the X Club, which brought some famous men of science together in 1864 and for many years afterwards. Mr. Huxley claims for science more certainty than the new generation allows to it, but it is pleasant to find this tribute to a grand old man of ninety. spondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate To secure insertion of communications correslip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answer · ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately, disposing of them. Discussed at 10 S. iii. 430; iv. 13, 78. At the last R. H. THORNTON ("Coke pronounced Cook ").— reference is a full reply by PROF. SKEAT. may have taken this verb to use in his 'Cromwell' C., British Guiana ("To Barbadoes ").-Carlyle from Thurloe's State Papers,' iii. 495 (ed. 1742), "The prisoners of the Tower shall, 'tis sayd, be where W. Gouge is quoted as writing in 1655: Barbadozz'd." NOTICE. to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"-AdverEditorial communications should be addressed tisements and Business Letters to "The Publishers" at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. communications which, for any reason, we do not We beg leave to state that we decline to return print, and to this rule we can make no exception. JOURNAL OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN LITERATURE, SCIENCE, THIS WEEK'S ATHENÆUM contains Articles on HISTORY OF ENGLISH CONGREGATIONALISM. LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU AND HER TIMES. THE POETICAL WORKS OF WILLIAM STRODE. PEGGOTTS. LA LUTTE. THOMAS STANLEY: HIS ORIGINAL LYRICS. GUIDE AND TRAVEL BOOKS. SHORT STORIES. THE UNVEILED EAST. GOOD HUNTING. LABOUR AND THE EMPIRE. LIFE OF CHARLES LAMB. "THE SISLEY BOOKS." NATURAL HISTORY. THE SHORES OF THE ADRIATIC: THE ITALIAN SIDE. THE CHATEAUX OF TOURAINE. THE CATHEDRALS OF NORTHERN SPAIN. THE ESCORIAL. THE ROYAL ACADEMY. SALE. SIEGFRIED. GOTTERDAMMERUNG. BASTIEN UND BASTIENNE. HANSEL UND GRETEL. DIE LUSTIGEN WEIBER VON WINDSOR. PHILHARMONIC CONCERT. M. GODOWSKY'S RECITAL. THE STRATFORD PERFORMANCES. LAST WEEK'S ATHENÆUM contains Articles on MR. LANG'S HISTORY OF SCOTLAND. IMPERIAL OUTPOSTS. NEW NOVELS :-The Flying Cloud; Madame de Treymes; The Remnant; The Mystics; From One Man's Hand to Another; Champion: the Story of a Motor-Car. BOOKS FOR STUDENTS. SCHOOL-BOOKS :-English Literature; History; Latin and French; Geography and Arithmetic. LITERARY GOSSIP. MUSIC:-Das Rheingold; Die Walküre; Mr. Santley's Jubilee; Song-Albums; Gossip; Performances Next Week. DRAMA :-Gossip. NEXT WEEK'S ATHENEUM will contain Reviews of AND HENRI BREMOND'S THE MYSTERY OF NEWMAN. 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