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that cattle are not nearly fo foon fattened by this root, as by carrots, parsnips, or cabbages. Perhaps (fays the gentleman who communicates this account) this root affords lefs nourishment than any of those that have been commonly employed for feeding cattle. This does not accord with the pompous defcriptions of the root of fcarcity that have been detailed in our news-papers.

The plant, however, he adds, far furpaffes all the others in quantity of produce. Half an acre at Leiplic, in the year 1783, was found to yield 25,000 lb. of roots, independent of the tops. At this rate, fuppofing the Leipfic acre equal to an English acre, the produce would have been fomewhat more than 22 tons per acre; we think we have heard of three times that weight of parfnips, and we have known above 40 tons of potatoes produced from an acre, independent of the tops.

In Alface, the gardeners diftinguish this root by the name of tulibs. It is a biennial plant, like the common beet; the root is large and fleshy, fometimes a foot in diameter. It rifes above the ground feveral inches, is thickest at the top, tapering gradually downward. The roots are of various colours, white, yellow, and red; but thefe laft, are always of a much paler colour than Beetrave. It is fometimes eat by men, but it is very far from being fo delicate as the beetrave, and therefore it is cultivated chiefly for cattle; it is good fodder for cows, and does not communicate any tafte to the milk. It produces great abundance of leaves in fummer, which may be cut three or four times without injuring the plant. The leaves are more palatable to cattle than most other garden plants, and are found to be very wholefome.

It delights in a rich, loamy fand, well dunged. Its culture is the fame with that of the common Beet, or the Beetrave.

On the whole, the plant is well worthy of the farmer's notice. It may, perhaps, on fome foils, and in particular circumstances, turn out to be a very ufeful plant for feeding cattle; though there is no reason to think that it deferves the extraordinary praises it has obtained-as food for man.

[To be continued.]

An...n.

ART. XVI.

INTELLIGENCE.

FOREIGN LITERARY

IT

Art. I. The Works of the late KING of PRUSSIA announced. T is already known to the public, that his Pruffian Majefty has difpofed of the manufcripts of his royal uncle and predeceffor, in favour of Meffrs. Vofs and Decker, bookfellers at Berlin; whofe proposals for their publication, by subscription, appeared in March 1787. The reafons for their being published by fubfcription are unknown to us, but we are perfuaded they

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must be fuch as are confiftent with the dignity of their Royal Author, and with the high opinion which is univerfally entertained of his extenfive knowledge, his deep penetration, and his elevated genius. The public are affured, that the productions of this great Monarch will be printed without any effential alterations or retrenchments, by the exprefs declaration of the learned and illuftrious minifter of ftate, Count de Hertzberg, in an Hiftorical Memoir, read at a meeting of the Academy at Berlin, the 25th of January 1787 *.

The manufcripts are to be publifhed in the following order. I. "Memoirs of my own Time." Thefe contain the political and military hiftory of Europe, from the year 1740 to the peace of Drefden. II. "The Hiftory of the War of feven Years." This war, carried on with the moft fignal valour, perfeverance, and juftice, and the moft illuftrious efforts of military genius, against a formidable confederacy, crowned the great Frederic with Jaurels that will never fade. III. "The Hiftory of what paffed between the Peace of Hubertsbourg and the Peace of Tefchen." IV. "An Essay on the different Forms of Government, and the Duties of Sovereigns." V. An Examination of the Work entitled the SYSTEM OF NATURE." VI. "Remarks on the SYSTEM OF NATURE." His Majefty would, perhaps, have done better to have let this book remain in the oblivion into which it has fo justly fallen. It was crushed into atoms by the victorious anfwers of Holland and Caftillon, and has fcarcely ever been heard of fince. VII. "A Treatise on the Innocence of Error in the Underflanding." A very interefting fubject, whether it relates to religion or politics. VIII. "Three Dialogues of the Dead." IX. "Three Volumes of Poems." X. " A Difcourfe on the Henriade." XI. Confiderations on the prefent State of the European Bodies-politic." XII. A large Collection of Letters written by his Majefty to celebrated Authors, as Fontenelle, Rollin, Vol. taire, the Marquis D'Argens, the Prefident Henault, D'Alembert, Count Algarotti, the Marquis de Condorcet, &c. with their anfwers.

As foon as the editors have published thefe manufcripts, they intend to reprint all the productions of the fame Royal Author that have hitherto appeared under the title of Oeuvres du Philafophe de Sans-Souci, in the fame fiz: and letter. The corrections that have been made in thefe by his Majefty (and whether he has made fuch as were most effential, time will fhew), will be published from the printed copies, whofe margins are enriched with notes and remarks written with his own hand. Thefe, it is prefumed, will render the new edition fuperior in merit to the

*See our brief account of an English tranflation of this Memoir, in the Review for December 1787, P. 505.

preceding

preceding ones. This will certainly be the cafe, if what fome have whispered about fhould prove true, that the philofophical opinions of our Royal Author, which were formerly known to have been excentric, and in fome refpects un-philofophical, were more or lefs modified by fober fenfe and reflection in the latter years of his life.-How this matter ftands, we shall fee when the prefent publication is completed.

The work will be published in fifteen volumes large octavo, printed with Bafkerville's types, on the beft paper. There will be published, at the fame time, a German tranflation, by an able and eminent hand, for the ufe of those who do not underftand French, in which language the original is compofed.Subfcriptions are taken in by noted bankers and bookfellers in the principal cities of Europe.

M. Art. II. Gefchichte, &c. i. e. A Hiftory of Philofophy, Vol. I. 8vo. Leipfic. 1787.

The anonymous Author of this work defigns it for those who, without entering into laborious refearches, are defirous of knowing the progrefs of the human understanding, in all periods of time, and the paths it has trod, in order to the difcovery of philofophical truths. We efteem it a peculiar merit in this Author, that he has judiciously avoided both the exceffive prolixity of Brucker, and the dry precifion and barren brevity of ordinary abridgments. He has, moreover, not only inveftigated the derivation and fources, and thereby given us the genealogy of the different kinds of philofophy, but has alfo defcribed their effential lines and characters with perfpicuity and truth.-This first volume contains the philofophy of the earliest periods, viz. that of the Indians, Perfians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Hebrews, Arabians, Phænicians, Celts, and Scythians; and alfo of the Grecian philofophers, as far down as the Stoics, inclufively. This volume is to be fucceeded by a fecond, and a third, which will bring down the hiftory of philofophy to the prefent time. M. Art. III. JOEL, Metrisch Uberfezt. &c. i. e. The Prophecy of JOEL, tranflated into Verfe, with new Explications. By Dr. J. P. R. ECKERMANN. 8vo. Lubec.

This is a learned and judicious performance. The commentary upon Joel, in whom our Author finds much of the spirit and manner of Homer, is divided into five Sections. The firft relates to the method and text of the facred Prophet. The fecond contains a comparative view of the beft explications of his prophecy. In the third, we have an account of the time when he prophefied. The poetical and religious characters of his predictions, and their weight and importance, are difcuffed in the fourth; and the fifth contains philological, critical, and etymological Remarks on thefe predictions.

M.

Art.

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Art. IV. MUSEUM CARLSONIANUM; in quo novas et felettas aves coloribus ad vivum brevique defcriptione illuftratas, &c. i. e. A Collection of rare Birds in the Poffeffion of Mr. GUSTAVUS CARLSON, Secretary of State to his Swedish Majefty engraved with their natural Colours, and accompanied with a concife Defcription of each; by ANDREW SPARRMAN, M. D. and Prefident of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Stockholm. Folio; containing 25 Plates. Stockholm. In this truly fplendid and magnificent work, the birds are reprefented in the natural attitudes in which they moft ordinarily appear, and with the circumftances that are relative to their moft ufual place of refidence. The defcriptions, which are neither too concife nor too prolix, exhibit the fpecific character of each bird, an account of its ftructure, and an indication of its native region. The arrangement and claffification of these curious animals are elegant and judicious, and the execution of the work in general (which has been carried on at the expence of the generous proprietor of this Collection, and under his difcerning eye) is excellent and mafterly.

M.

Art. V. The Imperial Academy of Sciences at Petersburg has lately published, in German, the fecond and third volumes of the very valuable Collection of Obfervations made by the late unfortunate Profeffor Falk, during the courfe of his travels through the different provinces of the Ruffian empire. The fecond volume contains the obfervations that relate to the mineral and vegetable kingdoms; and the third, thofe that were made on the animal kingdom, together with the defcription of feveral claffes. The whole is accompanied with a great number of figures, and a series of nomenclatures of minerals, plants, and animals, the laft of which are divided into fix claffes, comprehending the mammalia, aves, amphibia, pifces, infecta, and vermes. This work has been publifhed under the infpection and care of M. Georgi, a member of the Academy, eminent in the line of natural philofophy and hiftory, and whofe travels through fome parts of the Ruffian empire are defervedly esteemed.

M.

Art. VI. The effential interefts of public communities are admirably treated in a very small pamphlet, containing the fubftance of a Memoir read to the Academy of Sciences at Erfurt, by the illuftrious Baron DAHLBERG. The title of this publication is, Verboeltniffe, &c. i. e. Confiderations on the Connections between Morality and Politics. The fubject is not new, it is rather fuperannuated, and fallen into difufe. However, like the ten commandments, which are ftill decently exhibited to view in a diftinguished place in our churches, it is more or lefs treated with external marks of civility and refpe&t. But we are fingularly edified to fee this antiquated fubject difcuffed here

with an enlightened zeal, and a virtuous ardour, by a noble Author, who is on the road to fovereignty, and has only one ftep to make in order to arrive at it *. In this difcuffion he fhews, that politics and morality, inftead of ftanding in oppofition to each other, are rather intimately connected, and exhibit the relation which the part bears to the whole; that is to fay, that politics are only a part or a branch of morality. No truth can be more evident than this; for as morality is the guide of human life, the principle of order, and the univerfal fource of real improvement and genuine happinefs to all mankind, every thing relative to the direction of individuals, or the government of nations, must be comprehended within its fphere, and be fubfervient to its laws.-Our Author fhews, that all the schemes and projects of pretended political wisdom, that deviate from, or violate the rules of this mafter- fcience, turn out, in the iffue, often to the detriment of their contrivers, always to that of the nation; and that it is a palpable and abfurd error to think of advancing the happiness of one country at the expence of the general good of mankind. The experience of ages, and the hiftory of the world, confirm thefe affertions; and we have only to caft an eye across the water, to fee their truth difplayed in a palpable example. We fhall fee what an artful nation has gained by the plans of this kind, which it has been forming and executing for feveral years paft; and we fhall obtain a new proof of the wildom of the good old maxim, both in its application to individuals and to nations, that "honefly is the best policy." M. Art. VII. De Hymnis veterum Græcorum. Scripfit FRID. SNEADORFF, accedunt tres Hymni Dionyfio adfcripti: i. e. A Differtation on the Hymns of the ancient Greeks; by M. FREDERIC SNEADORFF. To which are added three Hymns attributed to Dionyfius. 8vo. Copenhagen.

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This fubject has been lately treated by two learned men (Meff. Hoeren and Groddeck), and yet M. SNEADORFF, who is an adept in ancient literature, has found gleanings enough after them to render his work interefting and inftructive. M. Art. VIII. Symbola ad Literaturam Teutonicam antiquiorem ex Codicibus Manu exaratis, qui Havnia affervantur, edita fumptibus P. FRED. SUHM: i. e. Mifcellanies of ancient Teutonic Literature, collected from Manufcripts which are preferved at Copenhagen, and publifhed at the Expence of the Editor now mentioned. 4to. Copenhagen. 1787. The publication of this collection was undertaken by the late learned M. SANDWIG; after whofe death it was completed by M. NYERUP. M.

*This noble and learned Author, whofe high birth is adorned with all the virtues that give birth a genuine lultre, is Coadjutor to the Electoral Archbishop of Mentz.

Art.

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