active and important work in the investigation of the fauna of that part of Asia, described recently to the Zoological Society of London, a new form of deer, common on the islands at the lower part of the river Yangtse-Kiang, near Ching-Kiang, into the markets of which city it is often brought, though it appears hitherto to have escaped the observation of naturalists. This deer is distinguished by the long canines and the total absence of horns in both sexes. Mr. Swinhoe proposes to form a new genus for the reception of this remarkable form, and gives it the name Hydropotes inermis.

Animals presenting two distinct Sexual Forms.- From the time when the so-called alternation of generations became known to zoologists, they have been familiar with various species of lower animals which reproduce sexually under one form, and a-sexually under a totally different form, the form presenting agamic reproduction being often so different from that in which sexual maturity is ultimately attained, that at one time the two phases of the species have been referred even to different classes of the animal kingdom. The a-sexual Aphides, whose offspring become male and female adults; the Cecidomyia larvæ, producing a-sexually larvæ like themselves, which become eventually sexually mature flies; the various Entozoa and the Annelids of the family Syllidæ, which reproduce rapidly by fission, whilst at certain times individuals endowed with sexual organs, and differing most markedly in their setæ and other characteristics are produced,—are familiar instances. Lately, by the researches of Leuckart, Mecznikow, and Schneider, we have been made acquainted with a nematoid worm parasitic in the frog, which presents the remarkable condition, previously unparalleled in science, of two sexual forms: the first, in which there are distinct males and females, is a free living form; the second, to which the eggs of this bisexual generation give rise, is hermaphrodite, but at the same time truly sexual in its reproduction, according to M. Schneider, in which it differs from all previously recorded cases of alternation of generations. M. Claus asserts the same of the Nematoid, Leptodera appendiculata; and the Acaleph Carmarina has since been described as presenting the same condition of things. M. Claparède, of Geneva, amongst his other discoveries in the Bay of Naples, has brought to light a most interesting case among the highest Annelids of an animal presenting two distinct sexual generations. The Nereis Dumerilii is the worm to which these observations refer. For some time this species has been a puzzle to zoologists, and M. Malmgren had already detected its relation to Heteronereis; but the problem has been fully investigated by M. Claparède. He finds that there are absolutely two forms of sexually mature Heteronereis (each having its own males and females, as in nearly all Polychotous Annelids): one small and very agile, swimming on the surface of the sea, and thus widely dispersing its reproductive elements; the

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other much larger, but less agile, which never leaves the sea-bottom, and fitted rather to reproduce the species in a fixed locality. The eggs of the two forms of Heteronereis are not at all similar; but the zoosperms are identical in the two. This, however, is not the most remarkable part of the case; for it appears that these two forms of Heteronereis are neither more nor less than developed forms of the Nereis Dumerilii, which has also a sexual condition (consisting of both males and females) as a Nereis. We have in the Nereis Dumerilii, according to M. Claparède, a worm which is adult both as Nereis and Heteronereis, and has probably two Heteronereidan forms. An important question is whether a worm which has arrived at sexual maturity as a Nereis can lose again its sexual characters, and become a Heteronereis; or whether we must consider that a worm once arrived at maturity as a Nereis can never itself become a Heteronereid, but only the worms which it produces are destined for this condition. The question is one of importance, which must be solved by study of worms kept in the aquarium. Undoubtedly we have here one of the most astonishing cases of protean diversity of specific form ever brought before naturalists-of a kind, indeed, totally unexpected. The history of the Axolotl (chronicled by us some time since) presents a sort of parallel to this case; but it may prove that the resemblance is not so close as we might at present suppose.

M. Dumeril has shown that the Amphibian Axolotl of Mexico reproduces when in its larval condition with perennial gills, as known in the tropical region of Central America; and also that in colder regions losing these gills, it assumes the more perfect Salamandroid form, and is reproductively active in that condition. The perennibranchiate condition may be compared to the Nereis-form, the Salamandroid to the Heteronereis; but it is to be observed that the differences are much greater in the case of the two forms of the worm than in the Amphibian: also we have no parallel to the second Heteronereis form of the Nereis Dumerilii, which, by the way, is well named à propos of the distinguished herpetologist who has made known the sexual peculiarities of Siredon.

Miscellaneous. The eminent comparative anatomist Professor Keferstein, of Göttingen, has died at the early age of thirty-seven. He was an active worker, from whom much in bibliological science had been already gained, and from whom much was to be expected.

The Sars Fund.-A subscription has been started for the family of the eminent Scandinavian zoologist, Michael Sars, whose death occurred last year. Whoever knows anything of marine zoology knows of the work of Sars and of his eminent son, G. O. Sars. In France and Germany the subscription is progressing, and in this country Mr. J. Gwyn Jeffreys has undertaken to receive contributions. We shall be glad to hear that the appeal to English savans has been successful.

Quarterly List of Publications received for Review.

1. On Comparative Longevity in Man and the Lower Animals. By E. Ray Lankester, B.A. Macmillan & Co. 2. Reports on the Progress of Practical and Scientific Medicine in different parts of the World. Edited by Horace Dobell, M.D., Senior Physician to the Royal Hospital for Diseases of the Chest. Longmans, Green, & Co. 3. Geology and Revelation; or, The Ancient History of the Earth considered in the Light of Geological Facts and Revealed Religion. By the Rev. Gerald Molloy, D.D., Professor of Theology in the Royal College of St. Patrick, Maynooth.

Longmans, Green, & Co. 4. Our Domestic Fire-places. New Edition, entirely re-written and enlarged. By Frederick Edwards, jun. Longmans, Green, & Co. 5. Discussion of the Meteorological and Magnetical Observations made at the Flagstaff Observatory, Melbourne, during the years 1858-1863. By George Neumayer, Ph.D., late Director of the Flagstaff Observatory, &c. Mannheim: J. Schneider. 6. Education and Training, considered as a subject for State Legislation. By a Physician. J. Churchill & Sons.

7. Reliquiæ Aquitanicæ; being Contributions to the Archæology and Paleontology of Périgord, &c. By E. Lartet and H. Christie. Edited by T. Rupert Jones, &c., H. Bailliere. 8. Statistics of New Zealand for 1868. Zealand Government.

&c.

Printed by order of the New
Wellington: G. Didsbury.

9. The Philosophy of the Bath, with a History of Hydro-therapeutics and of the Hot-air Bath from the Earliest Ages. By Durham Dunlop, M.R.I.A.

10. Christianum Organum; or, the Inductive

Science. By Joseph Miller, M.A.
Gladstone, Ph.D., F.R.S.

Dublin: Moffat & Co.

Method in Scripture and
Introduction by J. H.

Longmans, Green, & Co.

11. Choice and Chance. By Rev. W. A. Whitworth, M.A., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge.

Cambridge: Deighton, Bell, & Co. 12. Preliminary Field Report of the U.S. Geological Survey of Colorado and New Mexico. By F. V. Hayden, U.S. Geologist. Washington: Government Printing Office. 13. Geological Report of the Exploration of the Yellowstone and Missouri Rivers. By the same Author.

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14. The Book of Nature and the Book of Man. By Charles O. G. Napier, of Merchiston, F.G.S., &c. Illustrated with photographs and numerous woodcuts. J. Camden Hotten.

PAMPHLETS AND PERIODICALS.

Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, published under the Direction of Thomas Oldham, LL.D., &c. Calcutta.

Report on the Filtration of the Water of the Hooghly. By David Waldie, F.C.S.

Analysis of the Khettree Meteorite, with an Account of its Fall.

Same Author.

Reports of the Mining Surveyors and Registrars of Victoria.

Melbourne: John Ferres. On the Geographical Distribution and Physical Characteristics of the Coal-fields of the North Pacific Coast. By Robert Brown, F.R.G.S., Commander and Government Agent of the first Vancouver Exploring Expedition, &c., &c.

Edinburgh: Neill & Co. Observations on the Chalchihuitl of Mexico and Central America. By E. G. Squier, M.A., &c., &c.

New York.

Dr. Walter's Doctrines of Life. Reply to London Lancet.' (From 'St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal.')

A Physical Theory of Animal Life. A Review by Julian.

On the Identity of the Vital and Cosmical Principle. By R. Lewins, M.D.

The Nature of Man Identical with that of other Animals. By Julian. On Colour Tests as Aids to Diagnosis. By John Day, M.D. From

the Australian Medical Journal.'

Report of the Committee for the Purpose of Investigating the Rate of Increase of Underground Temperature Downwards, in various Localities, of Dry Land and under Water. Professor Everett, D.C.L., F.R.S.E., Secretary.

An Investigation into some previously undescribed Tetanic Symptoms produced by Atropia in Cold-blooded Animals, with a Comparison of the Action of Atropia on Cold-blooded Animals and Maminalia. By T. R. Fraser, M.D. Edinburgh: Neill & Co. Midland Steam-Boiler Inspection and Insurance Co.'s Report. Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for 1869.

Washington.
Longmans.

Notes on Books (Quarterly List and Analysis).
Microscopic Objects Figured and Described. No. 1, January, 1870.
By J. H. Martin, Secretary, Maidstone and Mid-Kent Natural
History Society.

Van Voorst.

The Food Journal; a Review of Social and Sanitary Economy and Monthly Records of Food and Public Health.

London: J. M. Johnson & Sons, 3, Castle Court, Holborn.

Revue Bibliographique Universelle.

Paris: 77, Rue de Bac.

The American Naturalist. Peabody Academy of Science. Salem, Mass. Scientific Opinion.

The Geological Magazine.

The Photographer's Annual and Almanac for 1870.

J. W. Green, 51, Paternoster Row.

PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES, &c.

Proceedings and Papers of the Kilkenny and South-East of Ireland

Archæological Society.

Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society.

Dublin: McGlashan & Gill.

Edinburgh: Neill & Co.

Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool. London: Longmans.

(1868-9.) Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. (Extract.)

Proceedings of the Royal Institution of Great Britain.