ceroses, the camelopard, or the giraffe, the zebra, the hartebeest, the eland, the buffalo, spring-bok, pallah, or water buck, the sable antelope, the brindled gnu, the reddish and lead-colored hog and wild boar, the hyrax, or coney, the kudu (Ant. strepsiceros), the tiny perpusilla, or blue-buck, and scores of the reit-bok, or red-buck (A. Eliotragus). As I have already described them, it is unnecessary to repeat my observations. I may mention here that I have seen numbers of prairie dogs, or ground squirrels, on the banks of the Rugufu or the Gombe. Of the hippopotami and crocodiles we saw numbers, in the Kingani, the Gombe, and the Malagarazi Rivers, and the Lake Tanganika.

The domesticated animals are such as are common to all countries. The oxen are of two kinds; that which we saw in Ugogo, Unyanyembe, and Uhha, was distinguished by a hump between the shoulders, such as has the American bison. The other kind, which we saw in Ujiji only, was distinguished by long legs, thin body, and enormously long horns.

Sheep are common with all tribes, and are distinguished by broad, fat, heavy tails. Goats are numerous, and of various colors. But the finest goats in Africa are those of Manyuema, which are short-legged and stout-bodied.

The asses, great numbers of which are found in Ubanarama, are strong and large, but vicious and wild.

Dogs are numerous, and are seen in every village. They are of the true pariah breed, and are a cowardly and mangy set.

Tame cats are also frequent in every village, and they must have a fine time of it, as the rats infest every house, hut, and tembe.

The feathered race is very numerous in Central

Africa. The most common of the birds which we saw were fish-eagles, bustards, kites, vultures, white-necked crows, turtledoves, ortolans, saddle-billed storks, on the Gombe, the Mpokwa, and the Rugufu: the ibis nigra, the ibis religiosa, toucans, wild geese (armed with spurs on their wings), wild ducks, black Madagascar ducks, and gulls on the Tanganika: paddy birds, thrushes, hammer-headed storks, pelicans, lead-colored and tuftheaded cranes, divers, kingfishers, and Egyptian geese, eared grebes, terns, guinea-fowl, quail, ptarmigan, and florican. I also saw some ostriches in Ugogo; swans on Lake Ugombo; snipe and wagtails on the Tanganika near the Rusizi River; besides great and little owls, bats, barbets, and the balanceps and sand-pipers. Others which I recognized were hoopoes, parrots, jays, wrens, redwings, golden fly-catchers, and the little egrets. This as you may see, is far too long a list to enter into any description of the several species.

Among the reptiles we met were a long green snake, the boa, and a little silver-backed snake. Rock lizards were innumerable; tortoise, iguanas, the gymnopus, toads, frogs, and terrapin were also met with.

The insects seen principally were the common house flies, mosquitoes, fleas, lice, tsetse, horse and gadflies, enormous beetles, dragon-flies, tarantulas, garden and house spiders, yellow scorpions, centipedes, myriapedes, caterpillars, pismires, white, red, and black ants.

The fishes of the Tanganika are of great variety. (1.) The first is the silurus, called by the Wajiji singa, which grows, according to native report, to four, and even six feet in length. The one I sketched was 38 inches long and weighed 10 lbs. in weight, but was considered all one. It is an extremely fat fish, of a

color on the back, and light brown, inclined

to whiteness, on the belly. This fish is scaleless. It is the same kind which we find in the pools and rivers. It is caught in the Gombe River by hundreds, is cut up and dried, and carried into Unyanyembe for sale to the Arabs, the Mohammedanized negroes, and Wasawahili.

(2.) The next in importance and size is the sangara, scaled, considered good for food. The one which the woodcut represents was 23 inches long, and 15 inches round the body, and weighed 61⁄2 lbs.

(3.) Next comes the mvuro, a thick, fleshy fish, considered excellent eating. This, also, is scaled. The engraving on page 532 represents one 18 inches long, 154 inches round the body, and weighing 51 lbs.

(4.) A scaled fish called the "chai," which I sketched, was 9 inches long, 4 inches round the body, had a greenish tint on its back, and was light underneath.

(5.) A scaleless fish, 7 inches long, 4 inches broad, marked with pale inky stripes a quarter of an inch broad, belly white, a handsome fish, is very numerous in the lake, and large captures of this kind are made daily by the fishermen of Ujiji.

(6.) Another scaleless fish, 6 inches long, with silvered belly, had a taste like trout, and is a great favorite.

(7.) A perch, general size 8 inches long, and 6 inches round the body, was a very dry fish, and seldom purchased except by the poor classes.

(8.) A short, thick eel, is a fine-flavored fish. The one sketched was 17 inches long, and 4 inches round the body.

The above-mentioned species are among the most important of the fishes of the Tanganika; but there is another variety, which, though the smallest fish, yet contributes more than any other to the food of the

people, and that is the minute "dogara," a species of white-bait, which is caught in great nets by the thousand. They are spread out in the sun to dry, or are salted, and are in this manner exported even as far as Unyanyembe. There are also several varieties of fish like the sardines of the French coast, which are caught with rod and line, or hand-nets. The markets of Ujiji also expose shrimps, and a kind of oyster, for sale.

The metals known to the tribes under consideration are copper and iron. The copper is conveyed from the coast and from Rua; the wrought iron from Usukuma, or the northern states of Unyamwezi, and from Uvira. All brass ornaments worn in the far interior are manufactured by the natives from the thick brass wire sold. by caravans. Though iron ore is abundant-even cropping above the ground in scores of places between Unyamwezi and Ujiji-yet it is seldom worked; though there are instances, in Ukonongo and Uvinza, where the natives smelt the ore, and make their own iron.

The diseases by which the natives are commonly afflicted, west of Unyanyembe, are acute dysentery, chronic dysentery, cholera morbus, remittent fever, intermittent fever, or ague, typhoid fever, low continuous fever, heart disease, rheumatism, paralysis, small-pox, itch, ophthalmia, sore throat, consumption, colic, cutaneous eruptions, ulcers, syphilis, gonorrhoea, convulsions, prolapsus ani, umbilical hernia, and nephritis.

But the great and terrible scourge of East and Central Africa is the small-pox. The bleached skulls of the victims to this fell disease, which lie along every caravan road, indicate but too clearly the havoc it makes annually, not only among the ranks of the several trading expeditions, but also among the villages of the