REVIEW OF NEW PUBLICATIONS. 41. A concise Description of the Endowed Grammar Schools in England and Wales, ornamented with Engrav. ings. By Nicholas Carlisle, F. R. S. M. R. I. A. Assistant Librarian to His Majesty, and Fellow and Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries of London. 8vo. Vol. I. pp. 900. Vol. II. PP. 983. T is with sincere gratification we bail the appearance of this valuable and well-timed Work, which cannot fail to be generally acceptable. It is highly creditable to the indefatigable Author to have collected and methodized such a mass of useful information. Mr. Carlisle dedicates his Work to the Queen, “ as the illustrious Exemplar of piety, virtue, and the beneficial effects of learning, now so diligently and successfully taught to the youth of this happy kingdom." Then follows an appropriate Historical Préface; in which the Author mentions, that, "Confiding in general support, he inserted a Letter, and a series of Questions, in the Gentleman's Magazine *, and sent a copy of the same to the Head Masters of every known Grammar-school throughout England and Wales and the result has been proportionate to his most ardent expectations." ; This Work will, we doubt not, facilitate the labours of the Committee of the House of Commons on Education; and enable the publick at large to avail themselves of the extremely numerous exhibitions established by our pious Ancestors, which are many of them scarcely known to exist, even by the neighbourhood of the Schools to which they are attached. Many of the Foundations have been sadly neglected; these, we trust, will be looked into, and revived. Others have been fostered with an attention highly creditable to their guardians or trustees. From the latter class, as the most gratifying, we select a specimen of the satisfactory manner in which Mr. Carlisle has performed his task, inserting copious extracts from his account of St. Paul's School, London. * See vol. LXXXVII. i. p. 12. "John Colet, Dean of St. Paul's, the excellent son of an amiable and patriotic father, Sir H. Colet, knt. twice Lord Mayor of London; having by a life of unsullied reputation, gained the esteem of his countrymen and of mankind, conceived the benevolent design of perpetuating his name by a FOUNDATION the most liberal, rational, and noble. "As London was the place of his nativity, and in which his family had been raised to wealth and honour; and as he bore a new and nearer relation to it as Dean of its Cathedral Church, he resolved, that, as the City was deficient low-citizens should partake largely of in Public Schools, the sons of his feldom might at the same time enjoy the his gratitude; whilst the whole kinggood effects of his bounty, and of a classical education. "Being, therefore, without any near relations (for, numerous as his brethren were, he had outlived them all), be piously resolved, in the midst of life and health, to consecrate the whole of his very ample estate to some useful and permanent benefaction. "With these great and good sentiments, in 1509 he began seriously to carry his design into effect; and conveyed the whole of his estate in London to the Mercers' Company, in trast, for the endowment of his school, which was founded by the warrant of Henry the Eighth, on the supplication of the Dean?" That the intentions of this excellent man may be duly appreciated, Mr. Carlisle has inserted the statutes for the government of the School. "It is worthy of remark that this school is not shackled or obstructed by any statute, which might hinder it from being generally useful to THE WORLD. Not only natives of the City, but those who are born in any other part of the kingdom, and even those who are foreigners, of all nations and countries' [say the statutes], are capable to be partakers of its privileges. And the good Founder's wisdom is also very apparent, in giving liberty to declare the sense of his statutes in general; and from time to time to alter and correct, times be thought proper, or should in add and diminish, as should in afterany way tend to the better government of the school. "The present school was rebuilt in 1670. Its elevation (see Plate II.) is uniform, uniform, and in a more advantageous situation would attract attention as an example of elegant architecture. The structure is parallelogram, extending North and South almost directly facing the chancel of St. Paul's Church. The North wing, consisting of large and elegant apartments, is occupied by the HIGH MASTER; the South, equally commodious, is appropriated to the SECOND MASTER; and the THIRD MASTER, call ed the CHAPLAIN, occupies an house in the Old Change, East of the building. "The school-room is large and commodious; and is ornamented by a bust of the Founder, by Bacon; and of the late much-respected master, Mr. George Thicknesse [brother to the celebrated Philip Thicknesse], which was placed there by the voluntary contributions of his grateful scholars. A bust of Dr. Roberts, the late High Master, by Hickey, has lately been erected, at the upper end of the school, on the left of that of the Founder. It consists of eight classes or forms; in the first of which, children learn their rudiments; and from whence, according to their proficiency, are advanced to the other forms, until they rise to the Eightb. This is a FREE SCHOOL, and confined to that mode of tuition alone, which is strictly classical; and without any other charge than the payment of one shilling on the entrance of each boy. The admission of the scholar is in the Mercers' Company: the Surveyor Accomptant, one of the Court of Assistants, being the officer delegated by them to nominate during his year of offices. Scholars are admitted to the age of 15. But no boy is eligible to a fellowship if he is admitted after the age of TWELVE *. There is no prescribed time of superannuation to the scholars. But no boy is expected to remain after his 19th year. "The Apposition, a term peculiar to St. Paul's School, is in fact the annual commemoration of the Founder; and formerly took place on the second day of the examination. Of late it has usually been holden on the Wednesday or Thursday of the examination week. The solemn business of this day is the Commemoration of the Founder by three orations in Greek, Latin, and English, composed and spoken by the three senior boys. These are succeeded by two prize compositions in Latin and English verse, and afterwards speeches by the upper boys. "There are at present eight exhibitions, which are paid out of a separate *We believe this has been lately altered to TEN. EDIT. estate, being a benefaction founded by Lord Viscount Campden, which is quite distinct from the estate of St. Paul's School itself. "There are an indefinite number of exhibitions for 501. a year each, to any College of any University. They are holden for seven years; and are never given to the same boys who have the Camden exhibitions. It is probable, that some alteration may soon take place in the value or number of them. "There are also some advantages, either as scholarships or exhibitions, fer Paulines (scholars of St. Paul's School usually so denominated), at Trinity and St. John's Colleges, in the University of Cambridge-founded by Mr. Perry, and Dr. Sykes. Also a scholarship founded by the benevolent Mr. John Stock in 1780. "The Exhibitioners are chosen by the Court of Wardens of the Mercers' Company, the Trustees of the School. And they are paid at Mercers' Hall. "It is most gratifying to remark, that the Company of Mercers, by their good management of the revenues of the School, have always been enabled to have a fund ready to supply the wants of their more indigent scholars. And, by their faithful discharge of the trust reposed in them, have secured such high respect to the Foundation, as will ever claim the most grateful remembrance, and be a lasting monument of their unsullied honour, assiduity, and care. "The present High Master is, John Sleath, D. D. whose salary is 6181. per annum, together with a spacious house. There is also a house at Stepney appropriated to the High Master (represented in the Plate, Fig. 1.) besides the house in the church-yard, which is a trifling emolument. This gentleman takés Boarders. The original Bust of the Founder, which was discovered in the ruins of the School after the great conflagration, and which was removed to be succeeded by the copy by Bacon, now in the school-room, was placed, by the good taste of Dr. Roberts, in the High Master's house, over the exterior of his drawing-roont door. "The following is a list of the High Masters of St. Paul's School, from its first foundation: 1512-William Lily. 1596-Richard Mulcaster. 1635-Alexander Gill, D. D. Junior. "The present Sur-Master is the Rev. Richard Edwards, M. A. whose salary is 3071. per annum, and a house. This gentleman also takes Boarders. "The present Under-Master, or Antient Chaplain, is the Rev. W. A. C. Durham, M. A. whose salary is 2271. per annum, and a house. "The present Assistant Master is, the Rev. J. P. Bean, M. A., whose salary is, 2571. per annum, but no house. This gentleman takes Boarders. "Besides the salaries, there are payments from the School funds to the officers of the Company, viz. the Clerk, 1001. a year; the Accomptant 40%.; two Beadles 51. each; the Surveyor Accomptant 4.: the Surveyor Assistant 4l.; and a Porter-boy 21. And, as a laudable encouragement to the High Masters, that their labours shall not go without their just reward, the Company allow a princely annuity of 1000l. to the late High Master, the Rev. Dr. Roberts, who retired, after filling that dignified station about fortyfive years, and was a man of great merit.'" Then follows a list of 35 eminent men, who have received their education at this distinguished School. In the same satisfactory manner are described all the Grammarschools throughout England and Wales, arranged in Counties, the whole number being not less than FOUR HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE. Prefixed to 68 of these descriptions is a fac-simile of the Seal belonging to each School. 42. Dr. Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language; edited by the Rev. H. J. Todd. 4to. Eleven Parts. WHILST we congratulate the Publick and the learned and ingenious Editor on the completion of this mighty undertaking, we cannot refrain from transcribing a part of his introductory observations. "In disturbing the etymology, and very rarely the definition, or in adding to either, his meaning has been to accommodate the reader, without violating the order of the original Work; and therefore he has not placed the emendation at a distance from its object, or eontinued the mistake which it has been his endeavour to rectify. Words, thus altered, whether in a great or small degree, will be known by the typographical mark which follows them; and to others, which have hitherto wanted even a single instance of illustration; as well as to some which present an example from a prosewriter as well as a poet, or which are confirmed by a proof of higher authority than what is given; the same distinction is affixed. To the words newly produced, another mark is subjoined. Among these, adverbs in ly, substantives in ness, and verbal nouns in ing, have been introduced without imitating the parsimony with which they have hitherto been exhibited. Nor will appellatives, derived from proper names, be thought intruders; since they have sometimes acquired a meaning so unconnected with their origin, as to demand explanation; and appellatives of a more general nature are agreeable to the regulation of Dr. Johnson himself, who admits a Pagan, though he has rejected a Quaker. "Of some mistaken references, or imperfect citations, which Dr. Johnson has given, the rectification is without specific notice; and of such improvements the number, no doubt, might have been much enlarged. But to note minutely all his extracts, would be perhaps a difficulty almost as insurmountable as to correct every mistake. The editions of his Dictionary have been compared; and there are many curious variations, especially from the first. That of his last revision, in which he expunged some superfluities and corrected some mistakes, scattering here and there a re mark,' has been principally regarded; but not without attention to that, which has given a few posthumous additions. "That the value of the citations may be duly appreciated, the present Editor intends to offer some notices of the authors cited; which will also chronologically, as well as critically, illustrate the history of our language. And that history of the language, which has been given by Dr. Johnson, will be augmentinedited materials. ed with many curious and some hitherto "And now, admitting that Dr. Johnson's Dictionary is not without defect, |