cial observer of human nature who said

"Of all the griefs that harass the distressed, Sure the most bitter is a scornful jest."

The beggared clergy are surrounded by the malignant authors of their woes. They are living amongst those to whom their fallen state is a subject at once of triumph and of mockery. And we have seen a Minister of the Gospel pursued to and from his Church, on the Sabbath day, with the imprecations and insults of the surrounding populace, whilst his dejected look and threadbare garments excited their derision and their jeers!

And now, at the bar of public opinion, we appeal to all classes of his Majesty's subjects to determine whether there is any security for property under a Government which permits, if it does not encourage, this monstrous combination. We appeal even to those most hostile to our establishment. We tell them that the Government which will not respect the rights of their enemies, will not respect their own.

"Tua res agitur cum proximus ardet Ucalegon." Nor is their danger the greater nor the less, because Ucalegon is their friend or their foe. No! Our rulers have permitted the rights of property to become an empty name, and look on with stoical indifference whilst the laws of the land are trampled under foot. No! There is no safety under an administration which considers the immortal principles of truth and justice secondary to some temporary and questionable expediency. Landlords of Irelond look to your title deeds. The sacrilegious spoliators, who have robbed your clergy, call upon you with a voice of thunder to set your houses in order." Do you look for protection to the government? So did your pastors. They leaned upon a broken reed. Will you do the same? Be wise in time. There is no safety under rulers who regard not vested rights; and where we find the will to do injustice, how shall we obtain security but by taking away the power?

By the kindness of a legal friend, we are enabled to present to our readers, the highly interesting law argument, relative to the ad eundem" degrees, which was argued before George Bennett, Esq., K.C., Assessor to the Returning Officer, and the Provost of the University, at the late election. The very important argument and judgment on the rights of Bas chelors of Medicine, Law, and Divinity, shall be given in our next.

Is a Master of Arts, or a person of a higher degree in Oxford or Cambridge, who has obtained an "ad eundem" degree, in the University of Dublin, enti tled to vote in this University, under the 60th section of the Irish Reform

Bill?

Mr. Solicitor-General argued against the right. An ad eundem" degree is one of a purely honorary nature. There are two kinds of degrees; one conferred, after the performance of the statutable qualifications; the other, by mere favour, as of grace. A Master of Arts from this University, on obtaining an "ad eundem" degree in Oxford or Cambridge is not entitled to political privileges there; why should there be privilege granted here in such a case, without a perfect reciprocity? As to the meaning of the phrase, "degrees not by grace only," it is well explained in the commentary on the statute of pluralities (21 H. 8. c. 13.) in Gibson's codex p. 908. note 9. in which it is stated that the phrase means that the party obtaining a degree not by grace only, has performed the statutable exercises in order to such degree, without any favour or dispensation therein. That shews the nature of the distinction expressed in the 139th page of the college statutes. The exercitia there mentioned are the academical acts which the statutes require. Honorary degrees are those obtained "sine exercitiis." The "ad eundem" degree is founded on a certificate from the English University, and therefore "sine exercitiis." The English degree on which the ad eundem degree is founded, may have been granted "speciali gratia." The "ad eundem" degree is not one for which our University "se spondet;" it is given "honoris causâ," and not "actuum causâ."

Provost. The Board has the means of ascertaining, by an inspection of the VOL. I.

English degree, whether it was granted speciali gratiâ.

The patent of collation to a Bishopric is a title to a degree; so also every privy councillor has such a title.

Assessor. Such degrees are not "ad eundem" degrees.

Mr. Lendrick argued in support of the right. The question is simply a matter of evidence; and the point is, what is the evidence of the "exercitia præstita?" The rules and ordinances in Oxford and Cambridge being substantially the same as those of this University, the "ad eundem" degree is admitted, not "honoris causâ," but because there is a certificate produced to satisfy the triple caput here, of exercises performed there; and which, if per- ́ formed here would entitle the party performing them to his degree of A.M. In the college statutes, p. 138, cap. 4. "De gratiis concedendis," this same reason is given; "qui eadem statuta habent, idemque tempus nobiscum observant in gradibus capessendis." The degree from the English University is evidence of the performance of the exercises by the person who has obtained it. That is vouched for by the senior Proctor, who acts upon his own knowledge, where the exercises are performed here; and where they are performed in the English University, he acts upon documentary evidence, recognized as authentic. As to the objection that an ad eundem degree might be obtained upon an English degree granted by special favour, that has been satisfactorily answered by the explanation given by the Provost. The ad eundem degree is only conferred on graduates of the English Universities at Oxford and Cambridge, consequently cases of honorary degrees conferred on graduates of the Scotch Universities do not apply. The reason why Masters of Arts from our University, taking out ad eundem degrees in Oxford and Cambridge, have not political privileges there, is that residence is required for a certain number of Terms, and that is not required here.

On the 17th of December, the Assessor gave judgment in favour of the right. "The question in this case is, whether an ad eundem degree must be considered as one of a purely honorary nature? If it be not of that nature, the right cannot be disputed. Degrees are granted either by

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special grace, or by reason of exercises performed. The former is of a purely honorary nature, being conferred at the will of the Board, and sanctioned by the University. In cap. 4. p. 139. the ad eundem degree is referred to, as distinct from the degree obtained by special favour; and as the party claiming it, must have taken the same degrees under the same statutes and after the same lapse of time as here, the necessary exercises are performed by him, and consequently his degree ad eundem, is not of a purely honorary nature. The right, therefore, is in my judgment clearly established."

The Quarterly Examinations commenced on Tuesday, Jan. 22, and terminate on Feb. 1st inst.

The subjects for the Vice-chancellor's compositions are, for Graduates, "The advantages of Political Economy" and for Undergraduates, "Druido."

Mr. Saurin has given his opinion, that any persons registering after the 23d of January last, will not be enabled to vote at the elections of members for the University. If this decision be correct, many persons will lose their right of voting for College, as it was generally supposed that the time for replacing the names of voters fon the books did not terminate until the 7th of this month; which day is six calendar months from the time of passing the Reform Bill, and virtually the period allowed in the clause relative to our University. Mr. Saurin's decision is, we believe, grounded on the difference between lunar and calendar months, the former of which he supposes to be intended by the Bill, and which terminated

on the 23d of last month.

OXFORD.

December

On Thursday, the 6th inst., the following degrees were conferred :

Masters of Arts-J. Spink Wadham, grand comp.; Rev. J. J. Vaughan, Merton; A. Mangles, Merton.

Bachelors of Arts-C. Boys, Scholar of Merton; W. Harrison, Scholar of Brazennose; T. W. Allies, Scholar of Wadham; J. P. Keigwin, Scholar of Wadham; H. F. Cheshire, Wadham; G. T. Clare, Fellow of St. John's; W. Froude, Oriel.

On Thursday, the 13th inst., the following degrees were conferred :

Masters of Arts-Kev. G. D. George, Scholar of Jesus; Rev. E. A. Waller, Brasennose; Rev. G. D. Grundy, Brasennose; Rev. W. Drake, Lincoln; Rev. J. King, Baliol; Rev. A. D. Stac

poole, Fellow of New Coll.

Bachelors of Arts-J. R. Harvey, St. Alban Hall; G, H. Somerset, St. Mary Hall; J. D. Giles, Exhibitioner of C. C. C.; R. G. Macmullen, Scholar of C. C. C.; W. Pearson, Scholar of University; J. W. M. Berry, Brazennose; J. W. Macdonald, Ch. Ch.; A. J. P. Lutwyche, Queen's; E. Wear, Queen's; S. C. Denison, Scholar of Balliol: W. H. Lushington, Oriel; W. Spooner, Oriel.

December 15.

Magdalen Hall-Lusby Scholarship— The late Mr. Henry Lusby, of Navestock, Essex, having left some estates to the University, in trust for the promotion of sound and religious learning in Magdalen Hall, in such manner as the PresiPrincipal of Magdalen Hall, for the dent of Magdalen College, and the time being, shall direct, the President and the Principal have determined to found in Magdalen Hall, Three Scholarships, the University of Oxford, who are not open to all Undergraduate Members of under four, or above eight Terms standing from their matriculation. The election of the first Scholar will take place next

Term.

In a Convocation holden on Wednesday last, for the purpose of choosing two Burgesses to represent the University in Parliament, Sir R. H. Inglis, Bart., D. C. L. of Christ Church, and T. G. B. Estcourt, Esq., D. C. L. of Corpus Christi College, were unanimously elected. The former was nominated by the Very Rev. the Dean of Christ Church, and the latter by the Rev. the President of Corpus.

On Thursday last, the following degrees were conferred :

Bachelor in Divinity-Rev. J. S. Richards, Fellow of Exeter.

Masters of Arts-T. Clutton, Fellow of New Coll.; Rev. G. Taylor, Exeter.

On the 4th inst., Mr. B. Williams, of Trinity College, was elected an Exhibitioner on the Fitzgerald Foundation, Queen's College; and on the same day, Mr. E. Meyrick was elected an Exhibitioner on the Foundation of Sir Francis Bridgman.

On the 7th inst., Mr. G. M. Giffard was admitted Scholar of New College.

On Monday last, Mr. H. Fawcett, of University College, was elected to an open Scholarship in that Society, on the Foundation of Mr. Browne; and Mr. J. Brenchley, to a Scholarship attached to Maidstone Grammar School, on the Foundation of Mr. Guusley.

Corpus Christi Jesus

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Friday, November 30, 1832.

Joseph Walker, Esq., Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, was on the 22nd instant elected Probationary Fellow of Brasennose College Oxford.

At a congregation on Wednesday last, the following Degrees were conferred :Doctor in Physic-J. Johnson, Trinity.

Bachelor in Divinity.-The Rev. G. Wilkinson, St. John's.

Honorary Bachelor of Arts-The Hon. W. C. Wentworth Fitzwilliam, Trinity.

Master of Art-J. W. Lubbock, Trinity, (comp.); L. Thompson, Trinity, (comp.); S. Marinden, Trinity; P. W. Ray, Clare-hall; W. P. Hulton, Downing College.

Bachelors in Civil Law-W. Lowndes, Trinity-hall, (comp.); Rev. R. M. Hope, Trinity-hall; Rev. H. B. Hall, Trinityhall; T. Wirgham, Trinity.

Bachelors of Arts-W. J. Havart, St. John's.

A meeting of the Philosophical Society was held on Monday evening, Professor Cumming, one of the Vice-presidents of the Society, in the chair. Among the presents to the society, was announced a goat-sucker, presented by the Rev. G. A. Browne, and two bottles of water from the poisonous fountains of Wirosari, in China, presented by the Rev. L. Jenyns; also an account of the effects of this water. A memoir was read by the Rev. R. Murphy, Fellow of Caius College, on "Elimination between an indefinite number of unknown quantities;" and some memoranda on the architecture of Normandy, by the Rev. W. Whewell. After the meeting, Mr. Brook, of St. John's, gave an account of the history of the various process of lithotripsy, and of the recent improvements introduced by Le Roi, Civiali, and Heurteloup, and others. This account was illustrated by the exhibition of the instruments employed for this purpose, and by various drawings.

The following is a list of the resident

In College, 1,144. In Lodgings, 553. Matriculations (Mich. Term,) 383.

December 7.

The Vice-Chancellor has received from the solicitor of George Buxton Browne, Esq. a proposal to appropriate 2,000l. free of legacy duty, part of a bequest left to the said George Buxton Browne, in trust, by the Rev. John Crosse, late of Bradford, in Yorkshire, "for promoting the cause of true religion," and to transfer the said sum to the University for the purpose of founding Three Theological Scholarships.

December 14.

On Wednesday last the Right Hon. Henry Goulburn and the Right Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, of Trinity College, were elected representatives in Parliament for this University.

The office of Christian Advocate has become vacant by the resignation of the Rev. Hugh James Rose. The election of a Christian Advocate will take place on the first of January, 1833. Any person who has filled the office of Hulsean Lecturer is not eligible to this office.

A meeting of the Philosophical Society was held on Monday evening, the Rev. Professor Sedgwick, the president, being in the chair. Among the presents announced to the society were several pieces of fish collected by Professor Henslow in the neighbourhood of Weymouth. Mr. Whewell read a continuation of his notes on the architecture of Picardy and Normandy. After the business of the meeting. Mr. Simms gave an account of the method of graduation of astronomical

instruments, by which he has divided the mural circle of eight feet diameter, recently placed in the observatory of this University, and divided in its actual place. This account was prefaced by a notice of the methods of engine dividing, or derivative graduation: and of the modes of original dividing, employed by Bird, Graham, and Ramsden, previous to the one which has now superseded them, and which is the invention of Mr. Troughton. The explanation was illustrated by the exhibion of models, and of some of the apparatus and calculations which have been actually employed for the observatory circle.

The circle was brought to the observatory in the beginning of October, and Mr. Simms has since been employed (personally) in cutting the gradations after the circle was mounted on its pier, an advantage which, we believe, no other instrument has ever possessed. The observatory may be considered as, at least, equal in instrumental power to any similar establishment in the world. Another assistant will be required as soon as the new instrument is completely in action.

PRIZE SUBJECTS.-The Vice-Chan→ cellor has issued the following notice in the University:

I. His Royal Highness the Chancellor being pleased to give annually a third gold medal for the encouragement of English Poetry, to such resident Undergraduate as shall compose the best Ode or the best Poem in heroic verse; the Vice-Chancellor gives notice that the subject for the present year is-Delphi.

II. The Representatives in Parlia ment for this University being pleased to give annually.

(1) The Prizes of Fifteen Guineas each, for the encouragement of Latin Prose Composition, to be open to all Bachelor of Arts, without distinction of years, who are not of sufficient standing to take the Degree of Master of Arts; and

(2) Two Prizes of Fifteen Guineas each, to be open to all Undergraduates, who shall have resided not less than seven years at the time when the exercises are to be sent in.

The subject for the present year are, (1) For the bachelors, Quænam præcipue sint labentis imperii indicia ?

(2) For the Undergraduates,

Indorum Occidentalium confestim facta, Utrum Servorum manumissio in Insulis plus boni aut mali secum afferat ?

We learn with regret, that this useful Society has been placed in a very novel and embarrassing situation. After all its ordinary arrangements for the last year were completed, the Treasury most unexpectedly made a reduction of £1,500 in its usual small annual grant. The Society, in consequence, was scarcely able to meet its engagements, and its efforts to benefit the country were paralysed. Its Lecture-room, which used to be crowded to excess with attentive auditories, have of late, presented empty benches. The long services of its Professors and Officers have been compensated by considerably diminished salaries. Even the privilege of gratuitous attendance on all the Lectures enjoyed by the public for upwards of a quarter of a century has

been suddenly withdrawn, to the great dissatisfaction of all classes of the community. These sweeping changes in our National Establishment, which we could not have anticipated, do not, we think, reflect any credit on the Government.

The Treasury carried those harsh measures into effect without sufficient information or inquiry against the Royal Dublin Society, whilst they have acted with their usual partiality for the British Museum. The Treasury did not trouble themselves, we are informed, by any direct communications to the Society, in order to gain information respecting its nature, objects and public utility, and the duties of its Professors and Officers. NoAll this was quite unnecessary; they acted solely on the very meagre report of