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POLITICAL CONDITION OF THE "DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY," FROM 1783

UNTIL ITS ADMISSION INTO THE FEDERAL UNION AS AN INDE-

PENDENT STATE.-A.D. 1783 To 1794.

Argument.-Retrospect of the political Condition of the District.-Causes for political

Discontent.-The People desire an independent State Government.-First Conven-

tion in 1784.-Second Convention in May, 1785.-Third Convention recommended.--

Great Emigration to Kentucky in 1786.-Improved Condition of the Kentucky Set-

tlements in 1786.-Measures adopted by the third Convention.-Action of the Vir-

ginia Legislature in favor of Separation.-Requisite Action by Kentucky unavoida-

bly delayed.-Fourth Convention appointed for August, 1787.-First Newspaper in

Kentucky.-Agricultural and commercial Prosperity in 1787.-Navigation of the Mis-

sissippi commenced.-Fifth Convention held in September, 1787.-Sixth Convention

in July, 1788.-Diversity of political Sentiment.-Political Parties.-Action of the

sixth Convention.-Prominent Men.-Corresponding Action of the Virginia Leg-

islature.-Final Action of this Convention, and Application for Assent of Congress.

-Assent of Congress granted February 4th, 1791.-Boundaries of the new State.

-First State Governor and Legislature convened June 4th, 1792, for the organi-

zation of State Government.-Causes of the protracted delay of Separation.-A new

Experiment in Political Philosophy.-Notice of political Parties.-Foreign Influence.

-Spanish Intrigue.-Increasing Trade with New Orleans.-The fluctuating Policy

of Spain with regard to the Navigation of the Mississippi.-Genet's Intrigue for the

Invasion of Louisiana in 1793-94.-Measures taken by the Federal Government to

suppress the contemplated Invasion.-Reluctance of Governor Shelby to interfere in

the Plans of Genet.-Increasing Population of Kentucky in 1794.-New Counties

organized.-Kentucky levies for the Campaign in the Northwestern Territory.—Ad-

vantages derived by Kentucky from Treaties of London and Madrid.-Last Efforts

of Spain to detach Kentucky from the Union.-Progressive Wealth and Popula-

tion of Kentucky.-Governors of Kentucky
168

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INDIAN RELATIONS AND TREATIES WITH THE UNITED STATES, FROM

THE TREATY OF PARIS TO THE TREATY OF GREENVILLE."-

A.D. 1783 TO 1795.

Argument. Retrospect relative to the Northwestern Boundary.-Reluctantly assent-

ed to in the Treaty of 1783 by Great Britain.-Disregard of Treaty Stipulations rela-

tive to the Northwestern Posts by British Cabinet.-British and Indian Alliance

during the Revolutionary War.-Western Feeling toward the Indians.-Jealousy

of the Indians at the rapid Advance of the White Settlements.-Measures of Con-

gress to conciliate Indian Jealousy.-Preliminary Steps for Treaties with all the

Tribes.-Treaties by individual States prior to 1784.-Treaty of Fort Stanwix, and

the Treaty Line.-Treaty of Fort M'Intosh, and Boundary Line.-Treaty of the Mi-

ami with the Shawanese, and their Cession of Lands.-Treaties of Hopewell with

Southern Indians.-Cherokee Treaty.-Choctâ Treaty.-Chickasâ Treaty.-Extent

of Country and Number of Warriors of each Nation respectively.-Dissatisfaction of

the Six Nations relative to the Treaty of Fort Stanwix.-Their Grievances.-Prep-

arations for a new Treaty.-Treaty of Fort Harmar in 1789.-The Shawanese refuse

to attend.-Shawanese encouraged to Hostilities by British Traders at Detroit.-

Connivance of the British Government at these Intrigues.-Hostilities commenced

upon the Ohio Frontier.-Pacific Overtures of Governor St. Clair.-Unsettled Condi-

tion of the Southern Indians.-The Cherokees.-Encroachments of the Cumberland

Settlements.-Treaty of Holston, July 2d, 1791.-Creek Disturbances.-Measures to

conciliate the Creeks.-The Treaty of New York with M'Gillivray and other Creek

Chiefs.-Efforts of Spanish Agents to embarrass the Negotiations.-M'Gillivray's Op-

position. The Creeks instigated to War.-Cherokees commence Hostilities.-Span-

ish Intrigue with Creeks and Cherokees.-Creek Preparation for Hostilities against

Cumberland Settlements.-Bowles, a Creek Chief.-Indian Tribes generally make

Overtures for Peace and Friendship after Wayne's Victory.-Treaty with Six Na-

tions in 1794.-Treaty of Greenville in 1795, comprising all Northwestern Tribes.-

Termination of Indian Wars

1788.-Character of the Colonists.-Second Colony arrives July 2d.-Celebration of

4th of July in the Wilderness.-First Clergyman, Daniel Story.-Governor St. Clair

and territorial Officers arrive.-Territorial Government organized.-"Washington

County" laid off-Arrival of Emigrants.-Campus Martius.-Settlements formed at

Belpre and Newberry.-Emigration to Kentucky.-Miami Settlements.-Symmes's

Purchase on the Miami.-Settlement at Columbia.-Settlement at Cincinnati.-Fort

Washington commenced.-Its Form and Dimensions." County of Hamilton" organ-

ized. Squire M'Millan.-Colerain Settlement.-Headquarters established at Fort

Washington.-"Knox County" organized.-"St. Clair County" organized.-Popula

tion of Settlements on Muskingum and Miami in 1790.-Indian Hostilities commence.

-Defensive Measures adopted.-Indians exasperated at the unsuccessful Expedi

tion of General Harmar.-Destruction of Settlement of Big Bottom, January 2d, 1791.

-Attack on Wolf Creek Settlement.-Attack on Colerain Station.-Nathaniel Mas-

sie settles Manchester, on the Ohio.-French Settlement at Gallipolis, March, 1791.

-Fraud of the "Scioto Company."-General St. Clair also unsuccessful.-Indian

Audacity and Hostilities increase.-President Washington adopts more energetic

Measures with the Indians.-Indian Outrages multiply in 1792.-Cincinnati in 1793.

-Its Importance as a military Dépôt.-First Presbyterian Pastor.-Indian Hostil-

ities in 1793.-Martial Law paramount.-First Newspaper in Northwestern Terri

tory.-General Wayne takes Command of the Army.-Confidence restored to the

western People.-Troops concentrate in the Miami Country.-Advanced Posts es-

tablished.-Indians defeated and reduced to great Distress.-Settlements again ad-

Page 236

EARLY SETTLEMENT AND INDIAN HOSTILITIES IN THE SOUTH-

WESTERN TERRITORY," UNTIL ITS ADMISSION INTO THE federal

UNION AS THE STATE OF TENNESSEE.-A.D. 1776 TO 1796.

Argument.-Retrospect of the First Settlements of East Tennessee.-First Settle-

ments on Cumberland River.-Cherokee Hostilities in 1780.-North Carolina en-

courages Emigration to the Cumberland in 1783.-Military Land District erected.—

Chickasa Cession in 1784.-Increased Emigration to Holston and Cumberland in

1785.-Political Difficulties in Washington District.-Attempted Organization of the

"Republic of Frankland."-Colonel John Sevier attainted for Treason, and restored

to his Rights.-Authority of North Carolina sustained.-Spanish Influence in the

Cumberland Settlements.-Population of Washington and Miro Districts in 1789.-

North Carolina cedes her Western Territory to the Federal Government.-" South-

western Territory" organized in 1790.-Indian Hostilities commence.-Efforts of the

Federal Government to maintain Peace.-Rapid Increase of Emigration Westward

in 1791.-Indian Hostilities in 1791 to 1793.-Spanish Intrigue with the Indians.-

Colonel Sevier and General Robertson conduct Defenses.-Population of South-

western Territory in 1794.-Population of the Territory in 1795.-Second Grade of

Territorial Government assumed.-State Constitution adopted in 1796.-"State of

Tennessee" admitted into the Union.-Features of Constitution.-Progressive In-

crease of Population and Extension of Settlements to the Mississippi until 1840.—

Displacement of the Indian Tribes.-West Tennessee and Memphis.-Population

and Enterprise.-Colonies sent out from Tennessee

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