sent them in this attitude. The engraving of Dussek, among others, presents the moment of inspiration. Pl. LXXXVI. fig 1.

I know a composer, who, while composing, constantly strikes himself on the seat of the organ of music. When he gives himself to a different kind of mental exertion, he exhibits wholly different move

ments.

M. Garat, in my presence, was requested to sing. At the moment of commencing, he passed his hand first on the organ of tones on the right side, and then on the left. Did he make this movement to animate the organ? Or did the organ already in action, give this movement to his hand? At a party, Madame Catalini could find no language to express the gratification which singing caused her; in this state of embarrassment, she carried on each side the palm of her hand on the organ of tune; rubbing this part with the expression of the most lively joy. These, with out question, are movements which proceed from the organ of tune, and which re-act upon it.

Natural Language of the Sense of Localities.

The organ of the sense of localities is placed in the anterior inferior part of the forehead, by the side of the organ of educability. We very rarely have an opportunity to observe its action. But in the following instance, however, I had it in my power to do so. One day, while I was talking with a philospher on the subject of the city of Vienna, the latter, not being able to recall to his memory one of the streets of the city, placed before his eyes the index and ring finger, which he held separate, and which he moved gently, and then with his eye fixed he ran over the different quarters of Vienna. We perform nearly the same action, when we are doubtful at the entrance of a

court.

Natural Language of Poetry.

The organ of poetry is placed in the superior lateral part of the head, above the temples, and extends obliquely from below upward and backward. The individual before mentioned, who, while he composes music, vibrates his finger on the organ of tones; when he writes a poem, raises himself obliquely towards heaven. We shall never see a poet in any other attitude, at the moment when his genius inspires him. So much was this the favorite attitude of Pope and Schiller, that the artists have represented them in this position. Pl. xcvi. fig. 12. Usually the poet places his finger on the poetical organ. Let me not be told, that this position of the hand is for the support of the head; we have seen, that, during the activity of the other faculties, it is placed in a different region.

Natural Language of Satire.

Those, who have a decided inclination to make epigrams, and to utter sarcasms, during the paroxysms of their caustic humor, carry the hand or the finger to the superior lateral region of the head, where the organ of satire has its seat. This was the favorite attitude of the satirical Born, author of the Monachology. Pl. xcvii. fig. 13. It is in this attitude, that Sterne was engraved. Pl. LXXXIII. fig. 6. Here the position of the hand is very different from that of the poet and the sculptor, &c.

Natural Language of Meditation.

The organ of comparative sagacity, which acts in meditation, is placed in the anterior superior part of

the forehead. Every body knows the expression of profound meditation; but, as this act is most generally complex, its expression ought also to vary greatly; still, the movements, both of the head and the hand, indicate that the exertion takes place in the anterior superior frontal region. Sometimes the arms are crossed, and strongly pressed against the chest, the eyes motionless, the head sometimes raised, sometimes depressed forward. Pl. xcvII. fig. 14. The whole superior part of the forehead, is supported in the palm of the hand; the eyes arc shut; the fore-finger is placed on the middle superior region of the forehead; sometimes the head is dropped; sometimes the eyes are raised, as if seeking for an object, and when the idea is caught, the individual raises himself hastily, and carries his hand, extending the fore-finger, as if he were pointing to what he had discovered, saying to himself, "that is it." Pl. xcvi. fig. 11. When we wish to induce any one to reflect, we apply the finger to the summit of his forehead, saying to him, "come, collect your ideas." When, through haste, we have committed any folly, in the moment of anger, we strike the forehead, saying, "stupid fellow that I am."

Natural Language of Benevolence.

The organ, the energetic development of which determines benevolence, has its seat in the median line of the anterior superior part of the forehead. It must necessarily be directed toward the object of its action. As the organs of friendship of two individuals tend to touch each other; so the organs of benevolence seek to place themselves in reciprocal contact. In a group of small children, we sometimes see two, who, penetrated with friendship and benevolence, bring together their heads precisely at the place of the organ of this feeling. This expression has given rise to the saying in German, die Kinder bockeln, that is, the chil

See also

dren strike their heads together like bucks. the beautiful compound expression of surprise and benevolence, Pl. xcvi. fig. 16., the arms extended towards the person welcomed, and the direction of the head: how could benevolence be better expressed?

Natural Language of Devotion.

The organ of devotion is placed in the median ine, in the upper part of the upper half of the frontal bone near the top of the head. Consequently, during its energetic action, the body and the head are carried. forward and upward. The arms and the eyes are directed towards heaven. Pl. xcvi. fig. 16. Sometimes the hands are united, sometimes each on its own side is gently elevated or inclined, according as it is joy, hope, or resignation, which prevails. When, in fine, it is the idea of the grandeur and of the omnipotence of the Supreme Being, which exclusively takes the lead, the man humbles himself, and penetrated with profound veneration, adores in the dust; an expression of which I have already made use while speaking of the organ of pride. I have seen a man making a fervent prayer, who had absolutely inclined his head against the ground, and who made every effort to touch the pavement, not with the forehead, but with the organ of belief in God and religion.

The act of raising one's self to heaven, it is said, is founded on the belief, that God dwells there on high, and has nothing in common with the seat of an organ.

But, who has told us that God dwells on high? From our infancy we are taught, that he is present every where. If then our action proceeded from our belief, when we were under the influence of religious feelings, we should turn ourselves in all directions. But, whenever we are influenced by a feeling, whenever an organ acts in us with energy, we do not think of what has been taught us; it is an internal force that

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directs our movements.

There is no one who, under the influence of surprise, in an emotion of joy, or sudden terror, does not carry his head and his eyes toward heaven, exclaiming, my God! my God!

Finally, why, in spite of instruction, which tells us the contrary, cannot we get rid of the idea, that God is on high? It is simply because the organ, which renders man capable of raising himself to the idea or perception of God, has fixed its throne in the most elevated part of the brain, whence it always has exerted, and always will exert its influence on all the other forces of man.

Natural Language of Firmness.

The expression of firmness has its seat immediately at the top of the head; during its energetic action, therefore, it holds the head and the body elevated perpendicularly. At the instant we adopt the firm resolution, not to allow ourselves to be turned from our purpose by any thing, we raise the whole body vertically, we raise ourselves a little from the ground, place our legs firmly on the earth, and, with the neck extended, prepare to brave all obstacles. It is to this attitude, that is referred the expression of an immutable will, of an inflexible character. Pl. xcvII. fig. 18.

To these partial expressions of each particular organ let us also add some general expressions, which designate a certain general state of the brain: Pl. xcvII. fig. 19, the melancholy man abandons himself, without resistance, to his chagrin; fig. 20, the entire inaction of the brain of the idiot; compare these states of apathy with the expression of the man, all whose attention is fixed on the recital of an interesting event, fig. 21, and especially compare them with the expression of excessive joy, fig. 22.

The reader will pardon me, if I submit to him also two drawings, which may well be regarded as simple