Exception. Modified Cadence'.-Exercise 1. "This monument is a plain shaft. It bears no inscription, fronting the rising sun, from which the future antiquarian shall wipe the dúst. Nor does the rising sun cause tones of music to issue from its súmmit. But at the rising of the sun, and at the setting of the sun, in the blaze of noon-day, and beneath the milder effulgence of lunar light, it speaks, it acts, to the full comprehension of every American mind, and the awakening of glowing enthusiasm in every American heart."

2. "I speak not to you, sir, of your own outcast condition. -You perhaps delight in the perils of martyrdom. I speak not to those around me, who, in their persons, their substance, and their families, have endured the torture, poverty, and irremediable dishónor. They may be meek and hallowed men,-willing to endure."

3. The foundation on which you have built your hopes, may seem to you deep and fírm. But the swelling flood, and the howling blast, and the beating ràin, will prove it to be but treacherous sand."

RULE III. Moderate' Falling Inflection, of complete sense. Exercise 1. "Animal existence is made up of action and slùmber: nature has provided a season for each."

2. "Two points are manifest: first, that the animal frame requíres sleep; secondly, that night brings with it a silence, and a cessation of activity, which allow of sleep being taken without interruption, and without loss."

3. "Joy is too brilliant a thing to be confined within our own bosoms: it burnishes all nature, and, with its vivid coloring, gives a kind of factitious life to objects without sense or motion."

4. "When men are wanting, we address the ànimal creation; and, rather than have none to partake our feelings, we find sentiment in the music of birds, the hum of insects, and the low of kine: nay, we call on rocks and streams and forests, to witness and share our emotions."

5. "I have done my dùty:-I stand acquitted to my conscience and my country :-I have opposed this measure throughout; and I now protest against it, as hàrsh, opprèssive, uncalled for, unjust, as establishing an infamous precedent, by retaliating crime against crime,-as tyrannous,― cruelly and vindictively tyrannous."

Exception. Plaintive Expression'.

Exercise 1. "I see the cloud and the tempest near,

The voice of the troubled tide I hear;

The torrent of sorrow, the sea of grief,

The rushing waves of a wretched life."

2. "No deep-mouthed hound the hunter's haunt betrayed,
No lights upon the shore or waters played,
No loud laugh broke upon the silent air,

To tell the wanderers man was nestling there."
3. "The dead leaves strow the forest walk,
And withered are the pale wild flowers;
The frost hangs blackening on the stálk,
The dew-drops fall in frozen showers :-
Gone are the spring's green sprouting bowers,
Gone summer's rich and mantling vines;
And Autumn, with her yellow hours,

On hill and plain no longer shines."

4. "What is human life, but a waking dream,-a long reverie,—in which we walk as 'in a vain show, and disquiet ourselves for naught?' In childhood, we are surrounded by a dim, unconscious present, in which all palpable realities seem for ever to elude our gråsp; in youth, we are but gazing into the far future of that life for which we are consciously prepåring; in manhood, we are lost in ceaseless activity and enterprise, and already looking forward to a season of quiet and repose, in which we are to find ourselves, and listen to a voice withín; and in old age, we are dwelling on the shadows of the past,* and gilding them with the evanescent glow which emanates from the setting sun of life."

RULE IV. and Note 1. Simple Commencing Series.'

Ex. 1. "The old and the young are alike exposed to the shafts of Death."

2. "The healthy, the temperate, and the vírtuous, enjoy the true relish of pleasure."

3. "Birth, ránk, wealth, léarning, are advantages of slight value, if unaccompanied by personal worth."

4. "Gentleness, patience, kindness, candor, and courtesy. form the elements of every truly amiable character."

5. "Sympathy, disinterestedness, magnanimity, generósity, liberality, and self-forgétfulness, are qualities which universally secure the esteem and admiration of mankind."

Compound Commencing Series.'

Exercise 1. "In a rich soil, and under a soft climate, the weeds of luxury will spring up amid the flowers of art."

*Falling slide of contrast to the preccding clause.

2. "All the wise institutions of the lawgiver, all the doctrines of the sage, all the ennobling strains of the poet, had perished in the ear, like a dream related, if letters had not preserved them."

3. "The dimensions and distances of the planets, the causes of their revolutions, the path of comets, and the ebbing and flowing of tides, are now understood and explained."

4. "The mighty pyramid, half buried in the sands of Africa, has nothing to bring down and report to us, but the power of kings, and the servitude of the people. If asked for its móral object, its admonition,* its sentiment, its instruction to mankind, or any high end in its erection, it is silent; -silent as the millions which lie in the dust at its base, and in the catacombs which surround it."

5. "Yes, let me be frèe;t let me go and come at my own will; let me do business, and make journeys, without a vexatious police or insolent soldiery to watch my stèps; let me think, and do, and speak, what I please, subject to no limit but that which is set by the common wèal; subject to no law but that which conscience binds upon me; and I will bless my country, and love its most rugged rocks, and its most barren soil."

Exception 3.Poetic and Pathetic Series'.
Ex. 1. "Wheresoe'er thy lot command,
Brother, pilgrim, stránger,

God is ever near at hand,

Golden shield from danger."

2. "Rocks of gránite, gates of bråss,
Alps to heaven soaring,
Bow, to let the wishes pass

Of a soul imploring."

3. "From the phantoms of the night,
Dreaming horror, pale affright,

Thoughts which rack the slumbering breast,

*All emphatic series, even in suppositive and conditional expression, being, like enumeration, cumulative in effect, and corresponding, therefore, to climax in style, are properly read with a prevailing downward slide in the 'suspensive' or slight form, which belongs to incomplete but energetic expression, and avoids, accordingly, the low inflection of cadence at a period.

† Emphasis, and length of clause, may substitute the 'moderate' falling slide for the slight suspensive' one. But the tone, in such cases, will still be perfectly free from the descent of a cadence, which belongs only to the period.

Fears which haunt the realm of rest,
And the wounded mind's remorse,
And the tempter's secret force,

Hide us 'neath Thy mercy's shade."

4. "From the stars of heaven, and the flowers of earth,
From the pageant of power, and the voice of mirth,
From the mist of the morn on the mountain's brów,
From childhood's song, and affections vów;
From all save that o'er which sóul* bears sway,
There breathes but one record,—'passing away!

5. "When the summer exhibits the whole force of active nature, and shines in full beauty and splendor; when the succeeding season offers its purple stores and golden grain,' or displays its blended and softened tints; when the winter puts on its sullen aspect, and brings stillness and repose, affording a respite from the labors which have occupied the preceding months, inviting us to reflection, and compensating for the want of attractions abroad, by fireside delights and home-felt jóys; in all this interchange and variety, we find reason to acknowledge the wise and benevolent care of the God of seasons."

6. "In that solemn hour, when exhausted nature can no longer sustain itself, when the light of the eye is waxing dim, when the pulse of life is becoming low and faint, when the breath labors, and the tongue falters, when the shadow of death is falling on all outward things, and darkness is beginning to gather over the faces of the loved ones who are weeping by his bedside, a ray of immortal Hope, is beaming from his features: it is a Christian who is expiring."

Note 2.-Exercise 1. Repeated and heightening Rising Inflection'. "I ask, will you in silence permit this invasion of your rights, at once wánton, míschievous, uncalled for, and unnecessary? Will you patiently tolerate the annihilation of all fréedom,-the appointment of a supreme dictátor, who may, at his will, suspend all your rights, líberties, and privileges? Will you, without a murmur of dissent, submit to a tyranny which nearly equals that of the Russian âutocrat, and is second to that of Bónaparte* ?"

2. Repeated and increasing Falling Inflection '.t

"Was

*The inflection of any clause always lies on the emphatic word; and, if that word is a polysyllable, on the accented syllable chiefly, although not always exclusively.

+ This inflection both begins higher, and ends lower, every time it is repeated.

it the winter's storm, beating upon the houseless heads of women and children; was it hard labor and spare mèals;—was it disease, was it the tòmahawk; was it the deep malady of a blighted hope, a ruined énterprise, and a broken heart;was it sóme, or all of these united, that hurried this forsaken company to their melancholy fate?"

3. "Yes, after he has destroyed my belief in the superintending providence of Gòd,-after he has taught me that the prospect of an hereafter is but the baseless fabric of a vision, —after he has bred and nourished in me a contempt for that sacred volume which alone throws light over this benighted world, after having argued me out of my faith by his sophistries, or laughed me out of it by his ridicule,-after having thus wrung from my soul every dròp of consolation, and dried up my very spirit within me;-yes, after having accomplished this in the season of my health and my prosperity, the skeptic would come to me while I mourn, and treat me like a drivelling idiot, whom he may sport with, because he has ruined me, and to whom, in the plenitude of his compassion, too late, and too unavailing, he may talk of truths in which he himself does not believe, and which he has long exhorted me, and has at last persuaded me, to cast away as the dreams and delusions of human folly."

Simple Concluding Series.

Exercise 1. "It is a subject interesting alike to the old, and to the young."

2. "Nature, by the very disposition of her elements, has commanded, as it were, and imposed upon men, at moderate intervals, a general intermission of their toils, their occupátions, and their pursuits."

3. "The influence of true religion, is mild, and soft, and nóiseless, and cònstant, as the descent of the evening dew on the tender herbage, nourishing and refreshing all the amiable and social virtues; but enthusiasm is violent, sudden, rattling as a summer shower, rooting up the fairest flowers, and washing away the richest mòuld, in the pleasant garden of society."

Compound Concluding Series.

Exercise 1. "The winter of the good man's age is cheered with pleasing reflections on the pást, and bright hopes of the fùture."

2. "It was a moment replete with joy, amázement, and anxiety."