my lord,

Or, (not to crack the wind of the poor phrase,
Wronging it thus,) you'll tender me a fool.

Oph. My lord, he hath importun'd me with love, In honourable fashion.

Pol. Ay, fashion you may call it;' go to, go to.

Oph. And hath given countenance to his speech, With almost all the holy vows of heaven.

Pol. Ay, springes to catch woodcocks. I do know, When the blood burns, how prodigal the soul Lends the tongue vows: these blazes, daughter, Giving more light than heat,-extinct in both, Even in their promise, as it is a making You must not take for fire. From this time, Be somewhat scanter of your maiden presence; Set your entreatments’ at a higher rate, Than a command to parley. For lord Hamlet, Believe so much in him, That he is young; And with a larger tether may he walk, Than may be given you: In few, Ophelia, Do not believe his vows: for they are brokers Not of that die which their investments show, But mere implorators of unholy suits, Breathing like sanctified and pious bonds, The better to beguile. This is for all,I would not, in plain terms, from this time forth, Have you so slander any moment's leisure, As to give words or talk with the lord Hamlet. Look to't, I charge you; come your ways. Oph. I shall obey, my lord.

[Exeunt.

1

2 Set

fashion you may call it ;] She uses fashion for manner, and he for a transient practice.

your entreatments-] i. e. the objects of entreaty; the favours for which lovers sue.

s Do not believe his vows, for they are brokers —] A broker in old English meant a bawd or pimp.

* Breathing like sanctified and pious bonds,] i. e. bonds or engagements of love.

SCENE IV.

The Platform.

Enter Hamlet, Horatio, and Marcellus.
Ham. The air bites shrewdly; it is very cold.
Hor. It is a nipping and an eager air.'
Ham. What hour now?
Hor.

I think, it lacks of twelve.
Mar. No, it is struck.
Hor. Indeed? I heard it not; it then draws near

the season,

Wherein the spirit held his wont to walk.

[ A Flourish of Trumpets, and Ordnance shot

off, within. What does this mean, my lord?

Ham. The king doth wake to-night, and takes

his rouse,

6

Keeps wassel," and the swaggering up-spring reels;
And, as he drains his draughts of Rhenish down,
The kettle-drum and trumpet thus bray out
The triumph of his pledge.
Hor.

Is it a custom?
Ham. Ay, marry, is't:
But to my mind, though I am native here,
And to the manner born,-it is a custom
More honour'd in the breach, than the observance.
This heavy-headed revel, east and west,
Makes us traduc'd, and tax'd of other nations:

an eager air.] That is, a sharp air, aigre, Fr.

takes his rouse,] A rouse is a large dose of liquor, a debauch. ? Keeps wassel,] i. e. devotes the night to jollity.

the swaggering up-spring-] The blustering upstart. . This heavy-headed revel, east and west,] This heavy-headed revel makes us traduced east and west, and taxed of other nations,

2

They clepe us, drunkards, and with swinish phrase
Soil our addition; and, indeed it takes
From our achievements, though perform’d at height,
The pith and marrow of our attribute.'
So, oft it chances in particular men,
That, for some vicious inole of nature in them,
As, in their birth, (wherein they are not guilty,
Since nature cannot choose his origin,)
By the o'ergrowth of some complexion,
Oft breaking down the pales and forts of reason;
Or by some habit, that too much o'er-leavens
The form of plausive manners;—that these men,-
Carrying, I say, the stamp of one defect;
Being nature's livery, or fortune's star, 4 —
Their virtues else (be they as pure as grace,
As infinite as man may undergo,)'
Shall in the general censure take corruption
Froin that particular fault: The dram of base
Doth all the noble substance often dout,
To his own scandal.

2

Enter Ghost.
Hor.

Look, my lord, it comes !
! The pith and marrow of our attribute.) The most valuable part
of the praise that would be otherwise attributed to us.

complexion,] i. e. humour; as sanguine, melancholy,
phlegmatick, &c.

that too much o'er-leavens
The form of plausive manners ;] That intermingles too much
with their manners; infects and corrupts them. Pluusive, in our
poet's age, signified gracious, pleasing, popular.

- fortune's star,] The word star in the text signifies a scar
of that appearance. It is a term of farriery: the white star or
mark so common on the forehead of a dark coloured horse, is
usually produced by making a scar on the place. Ritson.

s As infinite as man may undergo,)] As large as can be accumulated upon man.

-often dout,] To dout, signified in Shakspeare's time, and yet signifies in Devonshire and other western counties, to do out, to efface, to extinguish.

1

Ham. Angels and ministers of grace defend us! Be thou a spirit of health, or goblin damn'd, Bring with thee airs from heaven, or blasts from hell, Be thy intents wicked, or charitable, Thou com’st in such a questionable shape, That I will speak to thee; I'll call thee, Hamlet, King, father, royal Dane: 0, answer me: Let me not burst in ignorance! but tell, Why thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in death, Have burst their cerements !8 why the sepulchre, Wherein we saw thee quietly in-urn’d, Hath op'd his ponderous and marble jaws, To cast thee up again! What may this mean, That thou, dead corse, again, in complete steel, Revisit’st thus the glimpses of the moon, Making night hideous; and we fools of nature, So horridly to shake our disposition, With thoughts beyond the reaches of our souls? Say, why is this? wherefore? what should we do?

-questionable shape,] Questionable, means here propitious to conversation, easy and willing to be conversed with.

tell,
Why thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in death,

Have burst their cerements.] Hamlet, amazed at an apparition, which, though in all ages credited, has in all ages been considered as the most wonderful and most dreadful operation of supernatural agency, enquires of the spectre, in the most emphatick terms, why he breaks the order of nature, by returning from the dead; this he asks in a very confused circumlocution, confounding in his fright the soul and body. Why, says he, have thy bones, which with due ceremonies have been entombed in death, in the common state of departed mortals, burst the folds in which they were embalmed? Why has the tomb, in which we saw thee quietly laid, opened his mouth, that mouth which, by its weight and stability, seemed closed for ever? The whole sentence is this: Why dost thou appear, whom we know to be dead? Johnson.

in complete steel,] It is probable, that Shakspeare introduced his Ghost in armour, that it might appear more solemn by such a discrimination from the other characters ; though it was really the custom of the Danish kings to be buried in that manner.

- to shake our disposition,] Disposition for frame.

7

Hor. It beckons you to go away with it,
As if it some impartment did desire
To you alone.

Mar. Look, with what courteous action
It waves you to a more removed ground: 2
But do not go with it.
Hor.

No, by no means.
Ham. It will not speak; then I will follow it.
Hor. Do not, my lord.
Ham.

Why, what should be the fear?
I do not set my life at a pin's fee;8
And, for my soul, what can it do to that,
Being a thing immortal as itself?
It waves me forth again ;—I'll follow it.

Hor. What, if it tempt you toward the flood,

my lord,

5

6

Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff,
That beetles o'er his base“ into the sea?
And there assume some other horrible form,
Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason,
And draw you into madness! think of it:
The very place puts toys of desperation,
Without more motive, into every brain,
That looks so many fathoms to the sea,
And hears it roar beneath.
Ham.

It waves me still:
Go on, I'll follow thee.
Mar. You shall not go, my lord.

.

a more removed ground:) i. e. remote.

pin's fee ;] The value of a pin.
* That beetles o'er his basc ] That hangs o'er his base, like
what is called a beetle-brow. A verb probably of our author's
coinage.

5. -deprive your sovereignty of reason,) i. e. your ruling
power of reason. When poets wish to invest any quality or virtue
with uncommon splendour, they do it by some allusion to regal
eminence.

6 — puts toys of desperation,] Toys, for whims.