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moft unanimous counfels, produced the plan which they conceived moft practicable and best adapted to the circumftances and general intereft of the nation. Such a concurrence of favourable circumstances in forming a conftitution of national govern. ment, together with its fubfequent adoption by the fates, was a confummation that was devoutly wifhed for, rather than feriously expected. Nor is it to be thought a circumftance of inconfiderable importance, that, in the first movements and op erations of this free republican government, and during eight years of vaft difficulty and danger, there was placed at the head of it, by the unanimous fuffrages of his fellow citizens, that "Miracle of men," George Washington-a man, who, both in the camp and in the cabinet, was greatest among the great, whom prudence never forfook, whom partial, local and felfifh views never warped from a steady purfuit of the general good, whofe unfullied honour, whofe inflexible integrity, whofe pre-eminent virtues fhed a luftre on

human nature.

All this falls far fhort of the fum total of the pre-eminent advantages for the maintenance of republican freedom, which our nation enjoys. It can avail itself of all real improvements, both ancient and modern, in political feience. It can avail itfelt of the mifconduct, misfortunes and awful catastrophes of all former republics: their hiftories is our monitor,— By the art of printing, books of inftruction can be indefinitely multiplied, and alforded fo cheap as to be attainable by all Through the medium claffes of people. Through the medium of the prefs, and by mails, (a modern invention) every kind of neceffary intelligence may be circulated, from one extremity of the country to the other, with facility and expedition.

If, notwithflanding all thefe favourable circumstances. free republicanim ir this country fhould prove to be impracticable or fhort-lived, our national misfortune, in fuch an awful event, would naturally lead to the moft gloomy and defpairing appre henfions, refpcfting the future political condition of mankind generally; because few or no cales could be expected ever to happen, in which free governments might be ellublifhed with any profpects of luccefs.

Balance Closet.

From the Aurora Borealis, or Albany Register.

"Accounts from Washington fate, that the propofed Amendment to the Conftitution, which provides for an orderly, peace. able, jult and honorable mode of electing

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our Chief Magiftrate, is oppofed, in the
Senate, from an unexpected quarter, and
will be defeated, unlefs Gen. Sumpter,
from South Carolina, or Gen. Armstrong,
from this ftate, fhould, on arriving at the
feat of government, join the advocates of
the meafure. That Gen. Armstrong will
advocate it, we have the beft affurances,
and therefore, are under no apprehenfion
for its final fuccefs, however its paffage
may be clogged at prefent by the oppofi-
tion of one or two individuals, who claim
the character of republicans while they are
acting a part the beft calcula ed to restore
the reign of federalism. There is a spirit
of intrigue abroad, fraught with deftruction
to the true Republican Intereft of the U.
nited States; and what is moll to be regr
ted, this intriguing (pirit has manifefted it-
felf in a few who have hitherto pretended
to ftand up for the rights of their fellow-
citizens. Some proofs of this, have al-
ready been exhibited-and an additional
poof is now feen in the oppofition of pre-
tended repuolicans to the amendment in
question. The man who oppoles this
measure cannot be a republican; he can-
not be a friend to Mr. Jefferfon's adminif
tration; he cannot be a friend to order or
good government-and his conftituents
ought not to hesitate a moment in putting
him down for an enemy to the purity which
conflitutes the freedom of elections--an
enemy to republicanifm, a fomenter of in-
trigue, and one who is willing to leave
room for ufurpation to feize the reins of
government, and jeopardize the freedom
and happiness of his country. Let the lit
the band of intriguers, however, who un-
der the mark of republicanism are striving
to counteract the will of the majority- ||
and who that purpose are courting the
miles and the aufpices of federalifm: Let
them, we lav, recolect, that the found re.
publicans of the Union are too numerous,
too enlightened, andto determined on the
prefervati of their freedom, to be made
the dupes and victims of the arts of hypoc-
rify."

REMARK s.

son: But the sheep-skin will not wholly conceal the wolf-his teeth and claws will peep out from beneath his covering, and expose him: We turn, therefore, from Mr. Barber and apply our remarks to the real author of the paragraph.

The observation, "that the proposed amendment to the constitution, is opposed in the Senate from an unexpected quarter," is deserving of some attention, as it serves to shew what republican notions the democrats entertain with respect to the right of opinion, and the freedom of sentiment. It furnish. es conclusive proof, that the party styling themselves republicans, are the most decided aristocrats in the world. From this remark, it was evidently expected, that every measure proposed by the leaders of the predominant faction in the United States, would be promp ly carried into effect-it was expected that every mandate of the chief, would be implicitly o beyed--it was expected that every person, who professed democracy, would join, heart and hand, to promote the views of the party, without any regard to his conscience or opinion-it was, therefore, expected, that no democrat in the national legislature, would dare to oppose an amendment to the consti. tution, which would give to a faction, already too powerful, still more power. We rejoice, however, to find that there are some democrats who maintain an independence of opinion which will not bow to the dagon of a faction-an upright few, a " Little band," that the bribery of office cannot corrupt, nor the imprecations of a terrorist, intimidate, That there is a spirit of intrigue abroad, fraught with destruction to the true republican interest of the United States," we shall not deny; nor will it be denied, that "this intriguing spirit has manifest ed itself in a few [a great number] who have hith erto pretended to stand up for the rights of their fellow-citizens." With regret and indignation have we seen a party styling themselves republicans—a party remarkable for pretensions—a party professing the utmost regard for the rights of the people, manifesting a spirit of intrigue which is indeed "fraught with destruction to the true republican interest.”— The remark which falls from our paragraphist, with respect to Gen. Armstrong, may be consider ed as some proof of this intriguing spirit. "That Gen. Armstrong will advocate it [the amendment to the constitution] we have the best assurances," says this writer and this writer, the reader will understand, is not only well acquainted with all the internal movements of the machine of our state gov ernment, but is, in fact, one of the principal springs of that machine. This remark, then, will in some measure account for the appointment of a man to the Senate of the United States, who has but just now resigned his seat in that bedy. It is not quite two years since De Witt Clinton was appointed a Senator in place of Gen. Armstrong, who resigned. Mr. Clinton having a louder call (the mayoralty of New-York) lately relinquished his stat. The amendment to the constitution, having passed the house of representatives by a sweep og majority, was likely to be " clogged in its pa sage" through the Senate. Some helping hand was warring to facilitate its progress. The tack devolved on Gov. Clinton to select a fai hful man. This was unce

:

The above paragraph actually appears first under the editorial head of the paper of John Barber, "Printer to the state ;" and if we could, for a mo ment, believe it to be the production of his own pen, we could hardly restrain our laughter. Of all the coblers and tinkers that ever undertook to mend a constitution, we know of none that would be more likely to cut a ridiculous figure than John Barber. That this man should make use of the language above quoted, and oppose his opinion to that of the sages who framed and adopted our constitution, and of those in the Senate, who now cling to that instrument, is truly laughable. But, we are too well acquainted with the style and manner of a certain great character, to believe that John Barber wrote the paragraph which we have copied from his paper. Barber is made the same use of. by this great character, in Albany, that Holt was in Hud- || and difficult point; for the adherents of the "Lide

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band," were now so scattered up and down in the state, that our exclusive republicans hardly knew whom to trust. Indeed, i: was deemed unsafe to trust any body without "assurances." This ap pears from our honorable paragraphist himself; for he says, "we have the best assurances that Gen. Armstrong will advocate" the measure. So, Gen. Armstrong was appointed to succeed a man, who was bis successor, hardly two years ago-Who now will presume to doubt that "there is a spirit of intrigue abroad ?”

But there is a spirit abroad, infinitely worse than the spirit of intrigue. We mean that violent and ferocious spirit of persecution and denunciation which manifests itself in the concluding part of the paragraph above quoted. Such a spirit as this distinguished some of the most dreadful periods of the French revolution; and such a spirit threatens des. truction to all the interests of Liberty, Virtue, Hon. or and Justice in the United States.

"The man who opposes this measure [the amendment] cannot be a republican-he cannot be a friend to order or good government-he ought to be put down," ,"* &c. &c. &c. says a man who pretends to be as great a republican as ever existed, Robespierre excepted. And is it republicanism to demy to our representatives the freedom of opinion? Is it republicanism to denounce a Senator for following the dictates of his judgment and conscience, in preference to the mandate of the executive Is it republicanism to put down a man, for exerci.ing the sacred right of a freeman and a republican? If it is, from such republicanism we pray to be delivered. It is doubtless believed by many that the proposed amendment to the constitution is unnecessary

others may dcem it a dangerous measure-others, again, who consider the constitution as faulty, had rather, perhaps, submit to trifling inconvenier ces, than run the risk of commencing the work of inno vation and destruction. And shall men, acting in conformity with such, their sincere opinions, be denounced, threatened, vilified and abused Let the people answer.

"Put down," is a phrase which grew out of the French revolution. From putting down to the guillotine was but a short step.

SALT MOUNTAIN.

Mr. Je Terson's wonderful (not to say fabulous) account of a mountain of solid rock salt, 180 miles in length and 45 in breadth [see account of Louisia na, communicated to Congress by the President] has called forth more qucer remarks, puns and epigrams, than any thing which has come to light, under the present " enlightened government," not even the dry dock excepid. That such a ridiculous tale, told in such a place, by such an officer, is deserving of the lash of satire, we admit; but we have not yet seen it treated in that serious marner which we think it also deserves. It the story is not true, it may be considered as neither more nor less than a wretched attempt to impose upon the credelity of the people-a hardful of salt 19 vas n alinde gildi 10 CEVOY

1 lust of C

mess

of

The editors of the Gazette of the United States declare their disappointment at not finding added to Mr. Jefferson's account of the salt mountain, an assertion that "there flows a vast river of golden eagles ready coined, which, at a trifling expence in cutting canals and constructing locks, may easily be turned into the treasury of the United States." They also mention a report that a vast lake of pure whiskey has been discovered near the salt mountain, hinting their apprehensions that so great a number of a certain description of their citizens may be allured to Louisiana by this bait, that Pennsylvania will become a federal state.-In the same paper, we find the following Epigram:

:

"Herostatus of old, to eternize his name,
"Set the Temple of Diana all in a flame ;
"But Jefferson lately of Bonaparte bought,

To pickle his fame, a Mountain of Salt."
The editor of the Evening Post thinks" that it
would have been no more than fair in the traveller
who informed Mr. Jefferson of the territory of solid
salt, to have added, that some leagues to the west.
ward of it there was an immense lake of molasses,
and an extensive vale of nasty-padding." Another
editor (we forget who) conjectures that a mountain
of solid refined sugar will likewise be found in Lou-
isiana.

The editors of the Albany Centinel, more generous than all the rest of the federal editors, have ac counted for the existence of the Salt Mountain in the following manner :—

Indian tradition, as lately communicat. ed to Capt. Lewis by Logan, the celcbrated Mingo Chief.

Ten thouland moons ago, when the
huge race of animals, called by the white
men, the Mammoth, made war upon the
red men, the great Spirit fent his light.
nings and his thunders and destroyed the
whole race, except the great Bull. But
he, laughing at the thunders, prefented his
head to their fury; and after fwallowing
the red hot bol's, and catching the forked
lightnings upon his horns, leapt over the
mighty lakes, and about one thou find
miles up the Miffouri, at a bound, where,
in defiance of the great Spirit, he drank
up the vast fountain of the lalt fea, which
he had made for the comfort of his beloved
children, and red men: whereupon the
great Spirit was exceeding wroth, and he
affembled together twenty Gods, and they
came and feized the great Bull, and chain-
ed him to the earth, and they fuck ten
thousand trees of the foreft into his fides,
and they kindled fires upon them, and the
heat thereof changed the great Bull, and
the fea of water within him, into a veft
mountain of folid Rock Salt, about 180
miles long and 45 miles wide, which is ex-
act the length and the breadth of the great
Bal of the Mammoths and this moun-

turn of fult the great Spirit gave to the red
men for dir ufe, ifted of the lake which
the great Bull confemed—“ mo, e or lefs.”
In the same paper we observe the communication

391

of "A Republican," in which the federal editors
are severely lashed for their ill-treatment of Mr.
Jefferson, particularly in these apt lines-
"Mad to the last, they constantly find fault,
"And bite the hand just raised to give them salt."

The spirited attacks of Capt. Cheetham upon Mr. Burr entitle the doughty Captain to neither more nor less than the following eulogium in Shakespeare. "That's a valiant flea, that dares eat his breakfast on the lip of a lion."

Several of the publishers of daily papers in NewYork, have raised their price from eight to ten dollars per annum-and the price of the semi-weekly country papers to four dollars.

To Correspondents.

We thank our correspondent, who sent us "An Oration on the Progress of the Human Mind towards Perfectibility," delivered, on a quarter-day, by a student in one of the Academies in this state. A crowd of other matter must prevent its publication until the commencement of our next volume, when it shall appear. We shall always feel a pleasure in preserving such productions in our Repository.

Our facetious correspondent " Obed," shall appear next week.

The communication of " A Shop Boy," stating that a certain wholesale merchant, who trades in a certain city, sells by light-weight, &c. we are unwilling to publish in the Balance. If the fact, as the writer says, can be substantiated, the law. furnishes a better mode of punishment, than mere exposition in a news paper.

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As a diffolution of the partnership of SAMPSON, CHITTENDEN and CROSWELL is contemplated on the 1st day of January next, it is neccffary that all accounts with the firm thould be immediately adjusted. The bufinefs of the Balance-Office and Book-Store will be continued by EZRA SAMPSON and HARRY CROSWELL, who have purchafed of Mr. Stoddard the tabFilment of the Hudfon Gazette. As the publication of that paper will not be conunued, its prefent patrons may be furnished with the Balince, on equal terms, cal culating on the quantity of matter contain. ed in each paper.

December 13, 1803.

Agricultural.

EXTRACT.

From Deane's NEW-ENGLAND FARMER.

SIGNS OF A GOOD SOIL.

GROUN

-ROUND that is fit to produce crops is neither too soft nor too hard, neither too wet nor too dry. It is light and eafily pulverized. It is not fo tenacious as to cleave to the fpade, which enters eafily. That is the beft mould which cuts like butter, yet eafily crumbles, and has no ill fmell. It does not crack in dry weather. It is dark coloured, or quite black; does not foon poach with wetnefs. It fhines after the plough: Flocks of crows follow the ploughman, and, as Pliny expreffes it, peck at his heels."

Monitorial Department.

To aid the cause of virtue and religion.

EXTRACT.

From the EVANGELICAL MAGAZINE..

LAY.COMMUNICATION.

66

AT

T the time when the late Mr. Lacy was paftor of the Baptist Church at Portica (Eng.) fome of the brethren, cheifly thote of the dock-yard, contantly ufhered in the morning of the Lord's day, at fix o'clock, by meeting in the veftry for focial prayer, exhortation, and conference, on fome portion of fcripture, alternately.

At one of thefe conference mornings, the text led to Charity all poke in their turn, if they chofe, when it refted with Charles Benjamin, who was a waterman, and lived between Portfinouth and Gofport. His comment on the text was as follows: fhall fay nothing more than this,-We have been talking of charity; it would be good to put it in exercife: here is cur brother, Ephraim Forth, goes to dock every morning this cold weather

The

without a great coat; and here is my fhil
ling towards buying him one."
good men took the hint; and Ephrain,
was enabled to purchafe the neceffay arti-
cles the next day, and went to dock,
warmed, if not quite filled." James
2d, 16th.Query, Can the Laity ex-
pound Scripture ?

66

Geographical.

LOUISIANA.

"An account of Louisiana, being an abstract of
documents in the departments of State and of
the Treasury."

[CONTINUED.]

Plaquemines, the country is overflowed

the fpring and in many places is incapable of cultivation at any time, being a morafs almoft impaffible by man or beast. This fmall tongue of land extends confid. crably into the fea, which is visible on both fides of the Miflilippi from a fhip's maft.

Country from Plaquemines to the Sea, and effect of the Hurricanes.

From Plaquemines to the fea is twelve or thirteen leagues. The country is low, wampy, chiefly covered with reeds, hav. ing little or no timber, and no fettlements whatever. It may be neceffary to mention here, that the whole lower part of the country from the English turn downward, is fubject to overflowing in hurricanes, either by the recoiling of the river or reflux from the fea on each fide; and on more than one occafion it has been cov ered from the depth of two to ten feet, according to the defcent of the river, whereby many lives were loft, horses and cattle fwept away and a fcene' of deftruc tion laid. The laft calamity of this kind happened in 1794; but fortunately they are not frequent. In the preceding year the engineer who fuperintended the erec, tion of the fort of Plaquemines was drown. ed in his houfe near the fort, and the workmen and garrifon elcaped only by taking refuge on an elevated fpot in the fort, on which there were notwithstanding, two or Thefe hurricanes have generally been felt in the mouth of Auguft. Their greateft fury left about

Canal of Carondelet..
Behind New-Orleans is a Canal about
one and a half mile long, which commu-
nicates with a creek called the Bayou St.
Jean, flowing into lake Ponchartrain. A
the mouth of it, about two and an hal
leagues from the city is a fmall port called
St. Jean, which commands the entrance
from the lake. By this creek the commu-
nication is kept up through the lake and
the Rigolcts to Mobile and the settlements
in Weft. Florida. Craft drawing from fix
to eight feet water can navigate to the
mouth of the creek, but except in partic-three feet of water.
ular fwells of the lake cannot pals the bar
without being lightened.

St. Bernardo.

On the eaft fide of the Miffiffippi, about five leagues below New-Orleans and at the head of the English bend is a Settlement known by the names of the Poblaci on de St. Bernardo or the Terre aux Bouis, extending on both fides of a creek or drain, whole head is contiguous to the Mafifipi, and which flowing eaft ward, after a courfe of 18 leagues, and dividing itself into two hitches, falls into the fea and lake Borgne. This element con fifts of two parishes; almost all the inhabitants of which are Spaniards from the Canaries, who content themfelves with raifing fowls, corn, and garden-fluff for the market at New Orleans. The lands

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twelve hours. They commence in the fouth-ealt, veer about to all points of the compafs, are felt most feverely below, and feldom extend more than a few leagues a bove New-Orleans. In their whole courfe they are marked with ruin and defola tion. Until that off 1794, there had been none felt from the year 1780.

Paffes or Mouths of the Miffilippi. About eight leagues below Plaquemines, the Miffiffippi divides itself into three channels, which are called the Paffes of the river, viz. the Eaft, South, and South. Welt Paffes.

Their courfe is from five
to x leagues to the fea.-The fpare be
tween is a marth with little or no timber"
on it; but from its fituation, it may here.
cannot be cultivated to any great diftance after be rendered of importance. The Eat
from the banks of the creek, on account Pals, which is on the left hand going
of the vicinity of the marsh behind them, down the river, is divided into two bran
but the place is fufceptible of great ches about two leagues below, viz. the
Pass a la Loutre, and that known to mar.
mprovement and of affording anoth
fmall craft of
er communication to
iners by the name of the Balize, at which
from cight to ten feet draught between there is a fmal block house and tome
the fea and the Miffiffippi.
huts of the pilots, who refide only here.
The firft of these fecondary channels cor
tains at prefent but eight feet water; the
latter from fourteen to fixteen, according
to the feafons. The South Pefs, which
Between thele and she fort of is duefly in front of the Miifiippt, has

Settlements below the English Turn.
At the diflance of fifteen leages below
New-Orleans, the fettlemems on both
banks of the river are of but fall ac-

count.

New Orleans.

By recurring to the maps and examining the pofition of Louifiana, it will appear, that the lower part projects confiderable into the fea. It has in all probability been formed by the fediment brought down

always been confidered as entirely choaked up, but has ten feet water. The South Weft Pafs, which is on the right, is the longeft and narrowest of all the Paffes and a few years ago had eighteen feet water, and was that by which the large fhips al. ways entered and failed from the Mifliffip-by the current and depofited on the flat pi. It has now but eight feet water, and will probably remain fo for fome time.In Ipeaking of the quantity of water in the Paffes, it muk be underflood of what is on the bar of each País; for immediately after paffing the bar, which is very nar-. row, there are from five to feven fathoms at all seasons.

Country east of lake Ponchartrain.

The country on the eaft fide of lake Ponchartrain to Mobile, and including the whole extent between the American line, the Miffilippi above New-Orleans, and the lakes (with the exception of a tract of about 30 miles on the M-fillippi, and as much fquare, contiguous to the line, and comprehending the waters of Thompson's creek, Bayou Sara and the Amet,) is a poor thin foil, overgrown with pine, and contains no good land whatever, unlets on the banks of a few fmall rivers. It would however afford abundant fupplies of pitch, tar and pine lumber, and would feed large herds of cattle.

The Inhabitants and their Origin. The inhabitants of Louisiana are chiefly the defcendants of the French and Canadians. There are a confiderable number of English and Americans in New-Orleans. The two German coafts are peopled by the defcendants of fettlers from Germany, and a few French mixed with them. The three fucceeding fettlements up to Baton Rouge contain moftly Acadians, banifhed from Nova Scotia by the English, and their defcendants. The gov e:nment of Baton Rouge, especially the eaft fide, which includes all the country between the Iberville and the American line, is compofed partly of Acadians, a very few French, and of a great majority of Americans. On the weft fide they are moftly Acadians; at Pointe Coupee and Fauffe river they are French and Acadians-Of the population of the Avacapas and Oueloufas, a confiderable part is A. merican-Natchitoches, on the Red river, contains but a few Americans, and the remainder of the inhabitants are FrenchBut the former are more numerous in the other fettlements on that river, viz. Avoyelles, Rapide, and Ouacheta. A Arkan fas they are moftly French; and at New. Maarid Americans. At least 2-5ths, if not a greater proportion of all the fettlements on the Spanish fide of the Mifflippl, in the Illinois country, are likewife fuppofed to be Americans. Below NewOrleans the population is altogether French, and the delcendants of French

men.

coaft. There is therefore on the east fide but a very narrow flip along the bank of the river, from the fea to the Iberville. The land is not generally fufceptible of cultivation more than a mile in depth from the river, the rest is low and fwampy to the lakes and the fea, but in general abounds with cyprefs timber, which is fawed by mills, which are worked by artificial ftreams from the Miffiffippi, in the time of Frethes. They generally run five months in the year.

Af.

What has been faid on the eaft equally applies to the weft fide of the river. The oil and fituation are nearly the fame. ter leaving the bank of the river, there is an immenfe fwamp, interfected by creeks and lakes, extending to the high lands of Atacapas, and ocupying a fpace of thirty or forty leagues.

has about fifty men. In defcribing the Canal of Carondelet, the fmall fort of St. Jean has been mentioned, as has the block houfe atthe Balize in its proper place. The fortifications of New Orleans, noticed before, confift of five ill conftructed redoubts, with a covered way, palifade and ditch. The whole is going faft to decay, and it is fuppofed they would be of but little fervice, in cafe of an attack. Though the powder magazine is on the oppofite fide of the river, there is no fufficient provifion made for its removal to the city, in cafe of need.

The fort of Plaquemines, which is about twelve or thirteen leagues from the fea, is an ill conftructed, irregular brick work, on the eaftern fide of the Mifliflippi, with a ditch in front of the river, and protected on the lower fide by a deep creek, flowing from the river to the fea. It is, however, imperfectly clofed behind, and almoft without defence there; too much reliance having been placed on the fwampinefs of the ground, which hardens daily. It might be taken, perhaps, by efcalade, without difficu ty. It is in a degree ruinous.-The original front is meant to defend the approach from the fea, and can oppofe, at molt, but eight heavy guns. It is built at a turn in the river, where flips in general muft anchor, as the wind which brings them up fo far is contrary in the next reach which they mofily work through; and they would therefore be expofed to the fire of the fort. On the oppofite bank are the ruins of a fmall clofed redoubt, called Fort Bourbon, ufually

The city of New Orleans, which is regularly laid out on the eaft fide of the Miflii. fippi, in lat. 30, N. and long. go, W. extends nearly a mile along the river, from the gate of France on the fouth, to thet of Chapitoulas above, and a little more than 1-3 of a mile in breadth, from the river to the rampart; but it has an extenfive fuburb on the upper fide. The houses in front of the town and for a fquare or two backwards, are moftly of brick, covered with flate or tile, and many of two ftories.errifoned by a ferjeant's command. Its

The remainder are of wood, covered with thingles. The fircets cross each other at right angles, and are 32 French feet wide. The fques between the interfections of the flies have a front of 300 French fact. There is in the middle of the front of the city a place d'armes, facing which the church and town house are built. There are from 12 to 1400 houfes in the city and fuburbs. The population may be eflimated at 10,000, including the seamen and garrifon. It was fortified in 1793, but the works were originally defc Etive, could not have been defended, and are now in ruins. The powder magazine is on the oppofite bank of the river.

Number of Inhabitants.

By the latelt cei fus of Louifiana, in+cluding Penfacola and the Natchez, there were 21,244 free whites, 1.768 free people of color, and 12,920 flaves.

Militia.

By a late return made to the court of Spain, the militia of Louifiana amounts to 5.440. By another statement it is 10,340. Fortifications.

St. Louis has a lieutenant colonel to command in it, and but few troops -Batan Rouge is an ill conftructed fort, and

fire was intended to flank that of the fort of Plaquemines, and prevent fpping and craft from afcending or defcending on that fide. When a veffel appears, a fignal is made on one fide, and anfwered on the other Should fhe attempt to país, without fending a boat on fhore, he would be immediately fired upon.

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about eleven or twelve leagues from the fea, are two villages of Chitimachas, confifting of about one hundred fouls.

The Aracapas, properly fo called, difperfed throughout the diftrict, and chiefly on the Bayou, or creek of Vermillion, about one hundred fouls.

Wanderers of the tribe of Bilexis and

Choctaws on Crocodile, which empties in to the Teche, about fihy fouls.

In the Opeloufas to the N.W. of Atacapas Two villages of Alibmas in the centre of the district near the church, confifting of one hundred perfons.

Conchates difperfed through the country as far Welt as the river Sipinas and its neighbourhood, about three hundred and fihy perfons.

On the river Rouge.

At Avoyelles, nineteen leagues from the Midillippi, is a village of the Bloni nation, and another on the lake of the Avoyelles, the whole about fixty fouls.

At the Rapide twenty fix leagues from the Millilippi is a village of Choctaws of one hundred fouls, and another of Billoxis, about two leagues from it, of about one hundred more: About eight or nine leagues higher up the Red River is a village of about fifty fouls. All thefe are occafionally employed by the fettlers in their neighbourhood as boatmen.

About eighty leagues above Natchitoches on the Red River is the nation of the Cadoq aies, called by abbreviation Cados; they can raife from three to four hundred warriors, are the friends of the whites, and are efteemed the bravest and most generous of all the nations in this vaft country; they are rapidly decreafing, owing to intemperance and the numbers annually destroyed by the Olages and Choctaws.

There are, befides the foregoing, at least four to five hundred families of Choctaws, who are difperfed on the Well fide of the Miffilippi, on the Ouacheta and R.¿ Rivers, as far Wet as Natchitoches, and the whole nation would have emigrated acrofs the Miffiffippi, had it not been for the oppofition of the Spaniards and the Indians on that fide, who had fuffered by their aggreffions.

On the River Arkanfas, &c. Between the Red River and the Arkanfas there are but a few Indians, the remains of tribes almoft extinct. On this laft river is the nation of the fame name, confifling of about two hundred and fixty warriors; they are brave yet peaceable and well difpofed, and have always been attached to the French, and efpoufed their caufe in their wars with the Chickafaws, whom they have always refited with fuccefs. They live in three villages, the firft is at eighteen leagues from the Miffillippi on the Arkanfas river, and the others are at three and fix leagues from the firft. A

fcarcity of game on the Eaftern fide of the Miffiffippi has lately induced a number of Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickafaws, &c. to frequent the neighbourhood of Arkanfas, where game is fill in abundance; they have contracted marriages with the Arkanfas, and feem inclined to make permanent fettlement and incorporate themfelves with that nation. The number is unknown, but is confiderable and is every day increafing.

J. Clay, fupported the motion to fill it with 3.500 dollars. When the queftion on 5,000 was taken and carried--Ayes 79.

It was then carried, without a divifion, to fill up the blank refpe&ting the falary of the fecretary of the treatury with 5 coo 5.000 dollars.

Mr. Randolph moved to fill the blank refpecting the falary of the fccretary of war with 4,500 dollars.

Mr. Leib enquired the reafons where. fore there was a difference between the compenfation of the fecretary of war, and of the fecretary of flate and treafury.

Mr. Nicholfon faid if the genikan from Pennfylvania would move to fill the blank with 5,000 dollars, he would fecond

the motion.

On the river St. Francis, in the neighbourhood of New-Madrid, Cape Girardean, Reviere a la Pomme, and the environs, are fettled by a number of vagabonds, emigrants from the Delawares, Shawnefe, Miamis, Chickafaws, Cherokees, Porias, and fuppofed to confit in all of five hundred families; they are at times troublesome to the boats defcending the giver, and have even plundered fome of them and committed a few murders. They are attached to liquor, feldom remain long in any place, many of thein fpeaked-Ayes 74. English, all understand it, and there are Tome who even read and write it.

At St. Genevieve in the fettlement among the whites, are about thirty Piorias, Kafkafkias, and Illinois, who feldom hunt for fear of the other Indians; they are the remains of a nation which fifty years ago could bring into the field one thousand two hundred warriors.

(TO BE CONTINUED.)

Congress of the Union.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

November 18.

The House refolved itself into a committee of the whole-Mr. Varnum in the chair on the bill fixing the falaries of certain officers therein mentioned.

Mr. J. Randolph moved to fill the blank in relation to the falary of the fecretary of Rate with five thousand dollars."

Mr. Chittenden moved to poftpone the bill until Monday. Motion loft-Ayes 46, Noes 63.

Mr. Leib moved to fill the above blank with

three thoufand five hundred doliars." Whereupon a debate of confi.lera iars." Whereupon a debate of confidera bie length enfued. Melis. J. Raud dot. Allfton, Finley, Sanford, and S vocated the filling of the blare! dollars; and Meffes. Le

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Mr. Randolph explained the reafons fer the difference.

The question to fill the blank with 5 000 dollars, was loft without a divifion, when that to fill it with 4,500 dollars, was carri

The blank for the falary of the fecretary of the navy, was filled with 4,500 dollars, by the fame vote.

Mr. J. Randolph moved to fill the blank for the falary of the Attorney-General with 3 oco dollars.-Mr. J. Clay moved 2,000 dollars.

Mr. J. Randolph fpoke at fore length in favour of 3.000 dollars, and was followed on the fame fide by Mr. Skinner, and Mr. Nicholfon.

Mr. J. Clay and Mr, Godard poke in favour of 2,000 dollars.

When the queftion was taken on 3.000 dollars, and carried-Ayes 69--Noes 35.

It was then agreed, without a divifion, to fill the feveral other blanks with the lame fums allowed by the act of March 1799, to the Comptroller, the Treafurer, the Auditor, the Regifter, the Accountants of the War and Navy Departments,

On filling the blank refpecting the fala. ry of the Poft-Mafler General, Mr. Lyon moved to fill with 3.500 dollars. Lost without a divifion.

It was then agreed to fill it with 3 000 dollars and that refpecting the affiftant PotMafter General with 1,700 dollars.

M. Enftis moved an amendment to the fiift tection, fo as to make it read "that from the end of the prefent year the fol lowing annual compenfations, as eftaligh ed by an act paffed on the 2d of March 1796," &c.

This motion was oppofed by Meffis Lowndes and Goddard. Carried Ayes65 -Noes 43.

The committee then rofe and reporte the bill with amendments, which the boy's mmediately took up.

On the quehon to agree to the

mendment moved.

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