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reigns of England, by whom its charter was granted in 1691. It received with its charter a grant of £1,985, 20,000 acres of land, and a penny a pound on tobacco exported from Virginia and Maryland; and it was further aided by private donations, particularly by the munificence of the Hon. Robert Boyle. In 1693, the Assembly of Virginia ordered that it should be built at Williamsburg, and made some additional grants, so that its annual income became upwards of £3,000; but it was subsequently greatly dminished." The funds," as recently stated by the President of the college, "consist of bonds, stocks, lands, and houses, amounting in all to about $150,000, not yielding, however, a revenue in proportion to the amount."“No regular list of students or graduates, has been kept till within the last few years; the number, therefore, of alumini we cannot determine; but it is certainly greater than from any other college south of the Potomac.Owing to peculiar circumstances, the graduates have always been few. Nine-tenths of the students have gone through one course without applying for a degree." Many of the most eminent men of Virginia were educated here. The condition of the college, at different periods, has been very variable; but, after a period of declension, it has had, for some years past, a considerable degree of prosperity. It is under the legislative government of a board of 24 trustees who supply the vacancies in their own body.

The college edifice is a large misshapen pile of buildings. The college library contains 3,500, and the students' library, 600 volumes.

The Rev. James Blair, D. D. was named president in the charter, but is said not to have entered upon the duties of the office till 1729; he died in 1742, and was succeeded by the Rev. William Stith, who died in 1750.The Rev. James Madison, D. D. (Bishop of Virginia,) was president from 1777 to 1812. His successors have been the Rev. W. H. Wilmer, Dr. J. Augustine Smith, and the Rev. Dr. Adam Empie.

Faculty in 1833.-Rev. Adam Empie, D. D., Pres. & Prof. Mor. Phil. William B. Rogers, Prof. Chemistry and Nat. Philosophy.

Dabney Brown, Prof. Humanity.

Thomas R. Dew, Prof. History, Metaphysics, &c.

Robert Saunders, Jr. Prof. Mathematics.

Beverley Tucker, Prof. Law.

Number of students in the Senior and Junior classes in 1833, 26; irregular students 15; law students 12; academical 37; total 90.

in 1829, 5; in 1830, 7; in 1831, 15; in 1832, 11.

Graduates

Commencement is on the 4th of July.-One vacation, from commencement to the last Monday in October.

Annual Expenses-for a Junior student; board and lodging $100; washing, fuel, candles, &c. $20; three fees for the moral, mathematical and chemical courses, and half a fee for the metaphysical course, $70; matriculation $5;-total $195. For a senior student $185. The law course commences at the opening of the college, and terminates on the Saturday before the last Monday in April. Expenses, board, washing, and fuel, $90; tuition $20; matriculation 85;-total, $115.

The grammar school opens on the 15th of October, and closes on the 1st of August. Expenses, board, including every thing, $100; tuition $20;— total $120.

HAMPDEN SYDNEY, in Prince Edward county:
WASHINGTON COLLEGE, in Rockbridge:

RANDOLH MACON, at Boydton, in Mecklenburg co are all flourishing institutions, and a full account may be seen of them in their respective counties. We pass on to the principal literary institution of the state, the

UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA. The legislature of Virginia at the session of 1817-18, adopted measures for establishing an institution then proposed to be named Central College, and 24 commissioners were appoited to select a site for it. They accordingly selected a pleasant and elevated spot nearly two miles from Charlottesville, in the county of Albemarle, not far from the centre of the population of the state. Their choice was confirmed by the legislature in 1819, and an act was passed incorporating the institution by the title of the University of Virginia, which went into operation in 1825. It was erected and endowed by the state; and it owes its origin and peculiar organization chiefly to Mr. Jefferson. It has a fine collection of buildings, consisting of four parallel ranges about 600 feet in length, and 200 feet apart, suited to the accommodation of 9 professors and upwards of 200 students; which together with the real estate, cost $333,996. It posseses a very valuable library of 10,000 volumes, and a philosophical apparatus, which together cost $36,948. The state gives annually $15,000 for the support of the institution. The whole annual income of the University is about $18,500. The professors are paid partly by a fixed salary and partly by fees received from the students; but the sums which they severally receive are widely different, varying in ordinary years from $1,600 to $3,500.

The plan of this University differs materially from that of other institutions of the kind in the United States. The students are not divided into four classes, with a course of studies embracing four years; but the different branches of science and literature here taught are styled schools, and the student is at liberty to attend which he pleases, and graduate in each, when prepared. The first degree was conferred in 1828-the number of graduates in that year was 10; in 1829, 12; 1830, 30; 1831, 20; 1832, 46; total, 118; of these 16 were graduates in ancient languages; 14 in mathematics; 23 in natural philosophy; 9 in chemistry; 17 in moral philosophy; 22 in medicine; and 17 in law. The title of Master of Arts of the University of Virginia," was conferred on one student at the commencement of 1832, and on several in each year since. To obtain this title it is necessary to gradaute in the several schools of mathematics, ancient languages, moral philosophy, natural philosophy, chemistry, and by a recent enactment in some two of the modern languages.

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Ancient Languages, from 1825 to '33, 519-in 1833, 58

Modern 66

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Chemistry & Materia Medica,
Medicine,

Anatomy and Surgery,

Moral Philosophy,

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Annual Expenses.-Board, including bed, washing, and attendance, during the session from September 10 to July 20, $100; fuel and candles $15; room-rent $8; use of library and public rooms, $15; fees to three professessors (to one only $50; to two, $30 each; if more than two, $25 each,) $75; total $213.

Faculty in 1834.-Gesner Harrison, Prof. Ancient Languages.
George Blætterman, Prof. Modern Languages.

Charles Bonnycastle, Prof. Mathematics.

Robert Patterson, Prof. Natural Philosophy.

John P. Emmet, Prof. Chemistry and Materia Medica.

Augustus L. Warner, Prof. Anatomy and Surgery.

Alfred T. Magill, Prof. Medicine.

George Tucker, Prof. Moral Philosophy and Political Economy.
John A. G. Davis, Prof. Law.

Chairman of the Faculty, in 1834, Professor Bonnycastle.-The chair, man is annually chosen from the professors, by the Visitors.

Board of Visitors, in 1834, Joseph C. Cabell, Rector, Chapman Johnson, John H. Cocke, Thomas J. Randolph, W. C. Rives, and William H. Brodnax. The Visitors are appointed by the governor and council, every four years, and choose their own rector. A more detailed account of this institution is given in Albemarle county.

MILITARY ORGANIZATION, ARMS, &c.

Abstract of the annual return of the Militia of the State of Virginia, for the year 1833-viz:

General Staff,

104

Cavalry,

7,635

Artillery,

5,301

Grenadiers, Light Infantry, Riflemen, and Infantry of the line,

89,079

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In these divisions the officers and men, are divided thus:

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Arms, &c. in the hands of the militia, and remaining in the Lexington

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Arsenal, September 30, 1833, viz:

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Reports of Arms, &c. Remaining in the Armory at Richmond, on the 30th

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September, 1833-viz:

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Regulations. An act for the better organization of the militia, passed 1833-34, revises and consolidates all the existing laws on the subject of the militia, with amendments, of which the following are the principal provisions: the officers are required to be trained by the commandments of regiments, instead of by the brigade inspectors; the musters are increased, so that there will be one regimental muster in the spring, one battalion muster in the fall, and a company muster in the spring and fall, each making four musters in the year; volunteer companies having two extra additional musters, making six in the year, but the regimental courts of enquiry have the power within any regiment to dispense with any of the extra musters if they think proper, and the power of substituting battalion musters, in the spring, in lieu of the regimental muster, and also to prescribe the time and place of muster; the commandants of regiments to prescribe the time and place of the trainings of the officers, instead of the brigadier generals, as heretofore. All companies are to be officered with a captain, four lieutenants, five sergeants, and six corporals each; volunteer companies are permitted to adopt their own by-laws, and the commandants thereof to appoint the time for their extra musters; fines for failing to attend such extra musters to be imposed by the courts of enquiry, to be collected by the sheriffs, and paid to the treasurers of such companies, to be disposed of by the companies as they may deem proper; all uniformed volunteer companies to be armed. The act exempts from militia duty, (except in time of war, insurrection or invasion,) all members of volunteer companies who produce to their regimental courts of enquiry, certficates from their commanding officers of seven years service. Companies of artillery equipped with ordnance, to be allowed one dollar per day for each horse employed in drawing their artillery and caissons, and the governor is authorized to require any company of artillery to perform the duties of light artillery.

The uniform of the respective corps of the militia, to be the same with that of the United States' army, unless the governor, by proclamation, shall otherwise order; but volunteer companies now uniformed, are not required to change their uniform. Battalion courts of enquiry to be held in October

or November, and regimental courts in November or December; the act authorizing boards of the officers of the different regiments to be convened at any time to transact any other business of the regiment other than the assessment or remission of fines. The fines on non-commissioned officers and soldiers for failing to attend musters, to be not less than 75 cents, nor more than three dollars for each delinquency. Musicians may be allowed by the regimental courts of enquiry, two dollars per day for each lawful muster, the claims to be paid by the sheriff within three months thereafter, and provision is made for the more prompt payment than heretofore of drafts for the purposes of the militia. One stand of colors only is allowed to each regiment, and colors and musical instruments are not allowed oftener than once in ten years, nor unless sanctioned by the regimental court of enquiry. The adjutant general is allowed the brevet rank of a brigadier general. The executive to cause the act, together with the articles of war, to be print ed, and one copy to be furnished to each commissioned officer. The act not to take effect till the first of January, 1835.

LUNATIC ASYLUMS.

This state has two lunatic asylums: one is located in eastern Virginia, at Williamsburg, James city county, the other in western Virginia, at Staunton, Augusta county. There were in the lunatic hospital at Williamsburg, on the first of January, 1834, 37 male and 18 female patients-total 55.— During the year 1833, nine died, and three were discharged. The aggregate expense for the support of this institution during the past year, was $9,250 87, according to the director's report. In the lunatic hospital at Staunton, there were on the 28th day of December, 1833, 19 male, and 18 female patients-total 37; during the same year, one died. There was expended for the support of this establishment, during the past year, $6,078 31, according to the report of the committee.

A considerable addition is now being made to the building of the last mentioned asylum.

PENITENTIARY.

We believe this system has been as successful in few states, as in Virginia. The annexed table exhibits the fact that it is only necessary to send back again one in (nearly) every twenty-one; which seems to exhibit a very successful reformation: whilst the reports of its fiscal concerns prove that so far from being a burthen, it brings to the State a small annual revenue. To punish crime, and reform the criminal, without expense to the state, is the object in view our system certainly attains the latter completely, and ap proximates, in a very beneficial degree, to the former:

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