capital has first founded them, it is obvious that no power of associa tion lying within their means can suffice to originate such work. This task of initiation rests with others. And therefore it is that I have been induced to bring under your notice, as a most important part of my subject, the outline of what has been done in the matter of model dwellings and public baths and washhouses. Feeling assured that establishments of this nature are of infinite utility in the several respects I have enumerated; feeling assured that beyond their imme diate operation on the health of inmates and users, they also tend, by their indirect educational influence, to improve the social habits, to promote the civilization, to elevate the general tone and character of the laboring classes, I earnestly recommend them to your attention. XIX. FORMS OF BLANK SCHEDULES TO BE USED IN ASCERTAINING We have urged, in our XXVth and XXVIth recommendations, the importance of obtaining information concerning the amount of sickness which has existed under different circumstances. The following are specimens of the blanks we have prepared and recommended, pages 178 and 179. The first relates to sickness in general; and the second has special reference to schools. We have filled a part of the blanks to illustrate the subjoined directions. In the first we have made two kinds of entries, one concerning a manufacturing establishment, and the other concerning a farmer's family. The blank, however, is de signed for one kind of entry only, at one time. Directions for filling the Schedule, p. 405. (See p. 178.) 1. Under heading 1, entitled "Local Circumstances," state whether the dwelling-house, family or company, is in the neighborhood of a pond; or near low or marsh land; or decomposing animal or vegeta ble matter; or in a narrow street, lane or court; or in a damp locality; or in a house badly lighted, warmed and ventilated; or in a filthy, overcrowded condition; or otherwise, as the facts may be. 2. Under heading 2, entitled "Personal Circumstances," give the occupation of the head or members of the family, or company; state their means of subsistence,-ample or poor; their habits,-temperate or intemperate; cleanly; industrious; general health,—good or bad; or otherwise, as the facts may be. 3. Under heading 3, entitled "Month," insert the number of days observed, and the name of the month or months. 4. Under heading 6, entitled "Number of Persons observed," insert the number of persons belonging to the family or company, during the time of observation, against each class of ages,-males and females separately. 5. Under heading 7, entitled "Total number of days observed," in sert the whole number of days that all lived, including Sundays. This is to be obtained by multiplying the number of each class of persons, according to age, by the number of days observed, as stated in the first column. The Sanitary Condition of the Manufacturing Company, or of the Family of N. I., during the year 1850. Under 15 15 to 60 Over 60 Under 15 15 to 60 Over 60 Under 15 Observations made during|| Observations made during|| Observations made during 30 days in April, 1850. FEMALES. MALES. 81 days in March, 1850. FEMALES. MALES. days in FEMALES. 18. MALES. ∞ Month. Sex. 15 to 60 12 42 REMARKS, Specifying the probable causes of sickness, the names of diseases, and the causes of death. 11 1 case Hooping Cough-recovered after 21 days-taken at school. 1 Typhus Fever, caused by overexertion-recovered in 14 days. 1 Cholera Morbus, caused by improper diet-died 8th day. I case dysentery recovered 21st day. Health generally good-a man, 25 years old, had a pleurisy, caused by taking cold-well in 12 days. Child 2 years old-dysentery, caused by teething. 6. Under heading 8, entitled "Number of new cases of sickness," insert the number of cases of sickness, in the family or company, under observation. If the same person continue sick over one period of observation into a subsequent one, no new entry of such case is to be made, though the days of sickness are to be counted. If a person get well and is again attacked it is to be considered a new case. 7. Under heading 9, entitled "Number of days of sickness observ. ed," insert the whole number of days of sickness during the period of observation, including Sundays, of all, of each class of ages, by adding together the days of each, the males separately from the females. By "sickness" is meant such illness as incapacitates for labor. Slight indisposition, occasioned by colds, &c., is not to be reckoned. 8. Under heading 10, entitled "Number of Deaths," insert the number of deaths during the period, against each age at which they occurred. 9. Under heading 11, entitled "Remarks," &c., insert such facts as can be ascertained, relating to the subjects suggested in the heading, to show the sanitary condition of the family or company. One sheet of these blanks of four pages will serve for one family for twelve months, or a year's observations. These blanks are to be furnished by the Boards of Health, as occasion may require, to physi cians, families, manufacturing companies, almshouses, prisons and other institutions; to be filled out monthly, and returned to the Board at stated periods. Copies or abstracts of those returns are to be made and transmitted to the General Board of Health. By means of these facts, all the interesting and important relations which the attacks of sickness, the duration of sickness, and the different diseases bear to health, at different ages and among different sexes, and under different circumstances, may be ascertained. The Sanitary Condition of Public School No. 8, in Saugus, for 1850. 1. LOCAL CIRCUMSTANCES. 2. PERSONAL CIRCUMSTANCES. House, brick-warmed by close stove-not Parents of scholars principally shoemakers— convenient-ill ventilated. some uncleanly. Directions for filling the Schedule. (See p. 179.) 1. Under heading 1, entitled "Local Circumstances," state how the schoolhouse is situated. Whether in an open, healthy locality, or in a confined street or court; or in the vicinity of any nuisance. Of what materials is the house built? brick or wood? How is it warmed? by open fire-place, stove or furnace? How ventilated? State the num ber of cubic feet in the schoolroom; and any other pertinent facts. 2. Under heading 2, entitled "Personal Circumstances," insert the principal occupations of the parents or guardians of the scholars? Are the children cleanly in their habits, regular in their attendance, and industrious in their studies, or otherwise? 3. Under heading 3, entitled "Month," insert the number of days observed, and the name of the month. If the observations extend over only a part of the month, insert the number of days in the month actually observed. Make the same entries in each successive month or period. 4. Under heading 6, entitled "Number of Scholars observed," insert the number of Scholars belonging to the school during the time of observation, against each class of ages, males and females separately. This is to be done by counting the number of schools on the school list. 5. Under heading 7, entitled "Total number of days observed," insert the whole number of days that all lived, including Sundays. This is to be obtained by multiplying the number of each class of ages by the number of days observed as stated in the first column. 6. Under heading 8, entitled "Number of new cases of sickness," insert the number of cases among the scholars under observation. If the same person continue sick over one period of observation into a subsequent one, no new entry of such case is to be made, though the days of sickness are to be counted. If a person get well and is again attacked, it is to be considered a new case. 7. Under heading 9, entitled "Number of days of sickness observed," insert the whole number of days of sickness during the period of observation, including Sundays, of all of each class of ages, the males separately from the females. This is to be ascertained by keeping a register of the absence of each scholar, and counting the days of absence on account of sickness, and not for other causes, of all of that age. By "sickness" is meant, such illness as incapacitates the scholar for attending school. Slight indisposition, occasioned by colds, &c., is not to be reckoned. 8. Under heading 10, entitled "Number of Deaths," insert the number of deaths during the period, against each age at which they occurred. 9. Under heading 11, entitled "Remarks," &c., insert such facts as can be ascertained, relating to the subjects suggested in the heading, to show the sanitary condition of the school. A Sanitary Committee should be appointed monthly, by the teacher, to keep these records, and make the reports under his superintendence. These reports are to be made monthly during the year or school term, and transmitted at its close, or at some other appropriate period, to the Board of Health of the town, and copies or abstracts of them furnished to the General Board of Health. The proportion of sickness to health in the schools may thus be ascertained. XX. REGISTER OF MEDICAL CASES PROFESSIONALLY Attended. On pages 408 and 409 we present an extract from a work entitled "Register of Medical Cases professionally attended," to illustrate the remarks under our XLVIth recommendation, p. 232. Cases No. 25, 26, and 27, are filled out to illustrate the mode in which the entries are made. The pages are designed for the entries concerning 4 cases. Their length is the same as in the original. Their breadth has been compressed by the printer, each about three quarters of an inch, or the breadth of the left hand column on the right page. Sufficient space is given for desirable records in most cases; and the size is convenient for carrying in the pocket. |