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háth, 'in the hand of,' 'by the sabab, by reason of.'

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máre, ' by reason of' ('stricken úpar, 'above.'

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These three require ke when they precede the substantive, but may take ki when they follow; thus mánind táre ke, 'like a star,' but táre kí mánind. The others require ke whether they precede or follow; as ba'd ta' ammul ke or ta'ammul ke ba'd, 'after reflection,' us ke yahan, at his abode.' In the 1st and 2nd personal pronouns, re of course takes the place of ke; as siwá-e mere, 'except me.'

+ Ke ta-in is in fact equivalent to ko: thus, bekason ke ta-in rúpai detá, 'he gives money to the poor' (= bekason ko).

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az bas-ki, 'since,' 'for as much as.' nahin to, otherwise.'

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244.

Afsos or Haif,Alas!'

INTERJECTIONS.

khabar-dár, 'take care!

áyá, 'whether?' interrogative. lo, 'see!' 'look!' báp-re, 'my goodness!' 'oh me!'

harchi bád-á-bád, 'come what may!'

há-e há-e, 'alas!' 'alas!'

wae, 'wo!' 'alas!'

wáh wáh, 'oh! bravo!'
zin-hár or zín-hár, 'beware!'
shábásh, bravo!'

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11 igárah or gyárah. 34 chauntis or chautis.

57 sattáwan.

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246. After 100 the series is continued as in English, omitting the conjunction; as, 101 ek sau ek, 225 do sau pachis, 1001 ek hazár aur ek, 1521 ek hazár pánch sau ikkís.

247. Ek added to another numeral is equivalent to 'about' or 'something more than;' as, sau ek, 'about a hundred,' das ek, ' about ten.' Chand is added to express 'fold;' as, chár-chand

'fourfold.'

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a. Similarly, unis bis, a little less than,' or 'about twenty.' Observe.-Two numerals are often joined together without any conjunction; as, das pánch, from five to ten.'

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chilli, a period of 40 days.' saikrá, a hundred.'

hazár, 'a thousand.'

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250. Aggregate numbers add on for the nominative plural when they are used to express indefinitely large numbers: thus, karoron khilqat, tens of millions of creations,' hazáron gulám, 'thousands of slaves,' lákhon rúpai, hundreds of thousands of rupees,' saikṛon shahr, hundreds of cities.' The same rule applies to nouns expressing time; as, barson, 'years' (for baras).

251. On may be added to all numerals to make them more emphatic, or to define them: thus, bárahon la'l jaise sune, 'the very twelve rubies that had been heard about,' ye sálon laṛkí-án, 'these seven girls.'

252. Nouns following numerals do not require the plural termination on. When on is added, it must be understood to impart a more definite sense: thus, áth din ke ba'd, 'after eight days,' do mahine men, in two months,' but do mahinon men, 'in the two months.'

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254. They are thus used with the other numbers: thus

75 paune (quarter less) sau

125 sawá (with a quarter) sau

150 derh sau

175 paune do sau.

250 arhá-i sau.

1250 sawá hazár.

1500 derh hazár.

1750 paune do hazár.
2250 sawá do hazár.
2500 arhá-i hazár.

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