y comprising many she wy flowers, but belonging to genera which differ much in the appearance of the.r inflorescence. Examples: Trientalis, Primula, Lysimachia.

39. PEDICULA'RES, (or Rhinanthea.) This family contains genera of plants which appear to have little Latural resemblance, as Rhinanthus, Pedicularis, Bartsia, &c.

40. ACANTHI, (or Acanthacea.) Contains no important genera. Examples: Malabar-nut, (Justicia,) and Rueria.

41. JASMINEE. Lilac tribe. Trees or shrubs. Leaves generally opposite. Flowers in a thyrse or corymb. Stamens 2. Pericarp 2-celled, 2-seeded, a berry or drupe, or capsular. Example: Lilac, (Syringa.)

42. VITICES, (or Verbenacea.)

stimulant.

The Verbena tribe. Properties: secernent

43. LABIA'TE. Mint-like plants. A very extensive family; of importance in seasoning food, as Sage, Summer-savory, and thyme; medicinal, as Catnip, Mint, Horehound, &c.

44. SCROPHULA'RIE, (or Personea.) Flowers with personate corollas, as snapdragon, (Anterhinum.) Serophularia, and Digitalis. Properties: narcotic. 45. SOLA'NEE. Potato-like plants. Stamens 5. Pericarp sometimes a berry, sometimes a pyxide or a capsule. Examples: Potato, Tomato, Red pepper, (Capsicum.) Narcotic, stimulating.

46. BORAGI'NEE. Borage-like plants. Leaves often rough, or pubescent. Examples: Borago, Myosotis. Properties: emollient.

47. CONVOLVULI. Convolvulus tribe. Stem often twining. Peduncles axillary or terminal. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-lobed. Stamens 5. Some (as the sweet potato, Convolvulus batatus) are edible, some (as Convolvulus panduratus) are medicinal.

48. POLEMO'NIE. Phlox-like plants. Herbs. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5obed, regular, stamens 5. Examples: Phlox Polemonium.

49. BIGNO'NIE. Trumpet-flower tribe. Mostly trees or shrubs, often climbing or twining. Examples: Bignonia, Catalpa.

50. GENTIANE. The Gentian tribe. Calyx monosepalous, 5 to 10-divided. Corolla with usually as many lobes as the divisions of the calyx. Herbs, seldom shrubs. Leaves opposite without stipules. A division of this family, Spigeliacea, contains the Carolina Pink, (Spigelia,) used in medicine as a vermifuge. The Frasera, or American Columbo root, which is very bitter, is valued as a cathartic.

51. SAPO'TE. West India plum. A family of little importance.

52. APOCY'NEE. Dog-bane tribe. Herbs or small shrubs. Leaves opposite. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-parted. Stamens 5, inserted on the corolla. Peri carp a double follicle, Follicle many-seeded. A division of this fruit, Asclepiada, or milk-weed plants, have a milky juice.

CLASS IX. Dicotyledons.

Corolla monopetalous, perigynous, (around the germ.) 53. EBENA CEE. The Ebony tribe. Example: Diospyros.

54. KLENA CEÆ. The Persimon tribe. Example: Sarcolana, a foreign plant. 55. RHODODENDRE. The rose-bay tribe. Herbs and shrubs. Flowers often bracted. inflorescence various. Included by De Candolle in the next order. 56. ERI CEE. Heath-like plants. Shrubs, or under-shrubs. Leaves evergreen, rigid, entire, whorled, or opposite, without stipules. Examples: Arbutus Gaultheria, Kalmia.

57. GUAIACA NE. Example: Lignum vita. The gum-guaiacum of medicine is from a plant of this family.

58. CAMPANULA CEE. The Bell-flower tribe. Calyx usually 5-parted, Corolla 5-lobed, inserted into the top of the calyx, withering on the fruit. Stamens 5. Leaves simple, or deeply divided. Examples: Campanula, Lobelia. Lindley makes a subdivision, Lobelia'cea, in which is the genus Lobelia, a species of which, called the Indian tobacco, is powerfully medicinal, and often improperly used by ignorant practitioners.

CLASS X. Dicotyledons.

Corollas monopetalous, epigynous, (above the germ,) anthers united.

59 CICHORA CEE. Flowers Syngenesious. Calyx divided into hairs or pappus.

Corolla either ligulate, or tubular. Stamens 5, alternating with the teeth of the corolla; filaments distinct, anthers forming a cylinder by their coherence. Ovary inferior 1-celled, with a single erect ovule. Style single; stigmas 2. Fruit an achenium. Seed solitary, erect. Examples: Dandelion and Lettuce. Antiscorbutic, and mild anodyne.

60. CINAROCEPHALE. Examples: Thistle and Burdock, differs little from the preceding.

61. CORYMBIF"ERE. Thorough-wort plants. Examples: Eupatorium and Rudbeckia. Very valuable for their medicinal qualities. The compoun 1 flowers are by some writers classed under the general head Composite, and subdivided into numerous sections, viz: Carduaceæ, or the Thistle tribe, Asterea, or the Aster tribe, Eupatorineæ, or the Thorough-wort tribe, Jacobea, or the Colt'sfoot tribe and Helianthea, or the Sunflower tribe.

Corolla monopetalous, epigynous, (above the germ,) anthers distinct.

62. DIPSA CEE. Teasel plants. Flowers densely capitate. Leaves opposite or whorled. Herbs or under-shrubs. Examples: Teasel, Button-bush.

63. RUBIA CEE Bed-straw tribe. Leaves whorled, very entire. Flowers ax illary or terminal. Stamens 4, ovary simple, fruit a dieresil, 2-seeded. Examples: Galium, Rubia. Some of this family are of use in dying.

64. Caprifoʻliæ. Elder, Snow-ball, and Honey-suckle-like plants. Shrubs. Ovary cohering with the calyx; fruit crowned by its limb. Leaves opposite. Flowers terminal, corymbose or axillary. Examples: Viburnum, Lonicera. Symphoria.

CLASS XII. Dicotyledons.

Corolla polypetalous; stamens epigynous, (above the germ.)

65. ARA LEE Ginseng tribe. Calyx superior. Stamens 5 or 6, or 10 or 12, arising from within the border of the calyx; ovary with many cells; ovules solitary, pendulous; styles equal in number to the cells. Trees, shrubs, or herbs, resembling umbelliferous plants in their habit. Examples: Spikenard, (Aralia,) Ginseng, (Panax.)

66. UMBELLIFERE. Parsley-like plants. Stem herbaceous. Leaves mostly pinnate or pinnatifid. Flowers in umbels. Calyx adhering to the germ. Corolla 5-petalled. Stamens 5. Style and stigma 2. Fruit a cremocarp. Seeds closed, remaining after maturity, suspended to a central axis. Examples: Dill, Fennel, Parsley, Caraway. Uses and medicinal qualities various. The following subdivision has been made of this tribe: 1st, Hydrocotolia; umbels simple or imperfect. Examples: Water-heinlock, (Cicuta,) Water-parsnip, (Sium,) Fool's-parsley, and Angelica; 2d, Campylosperma; Sweet cicely, and Hemlock, (Conium.)

CLASS XIII. Dicotyledons.

Corolla polypetalous; stamens hypogynous, (under the germ.)

67. RANUNCULA'CEE. A very large order, containing the Virgin's-bower, Ranunculus, Anemone, Hepatica, &c. Calyx with many definite sepals, or manyparted. Stamens and pistils numerous. Fruit often consists of dry nuts or carpels. Herbs or under-shrubs. Leaves simple, often variously lobed and subdivided petioled. Some of this family, as the gold thread, (Coptis,) are highly astringent, some are valuable as dies, and some are beautiful as ornamental flowers.

68. PAPAVERA CEE. Poppy-like plants Lactescent. Stem herbaceous. Leaves alternate Flowers solitary, in a spike or umbel. Calyx 2-3 sepalled, caducous. Stamens numerous. Examples: Poppy, Blood-root. Properties: narcotic, anodyne.

69. CRUCIFER E. Plants with cruciform corollas, as cabbage, turnip, radish. Stem herbaceous. Leaves alternate. Flowers corymbed, panicled or in a spike. Calyx 4 sepalled. Corolla 4-petalled. Stamens 6, solitary, 4 disposed in two pairs. Glands nectariferous. Fruit a silique. Chiefly useful as garden vegetables. This order is subdivided into Siliculosa, pods short, and Sili quose, pods long.

70. CAPPAR'IDES. A small order. Cruciform plants. Examples: Cleome Gynandropsis.

71. SAPIN'DI. Example: Soap-berry, (Sapindus.)

72. ACE'RA, (or Acerinea) Miple tribe. Trees, with opposite, simple, rarely

pinnate leaves. Flowers often polygamous, sometimes apetalous. Examples: Acer, Negundo.

73. MALPI GHIE. Example: Barbadoes cherry, (Malpighi.)

74. HYPER'ICE. St. John's-wort tribe. Herbs or shrubs, with a resinous juice. Leaves opposite, entire, dotted, occasionally alternate and crenate. Flowers generally yellow. Examples: Hypericum, Ascyrum. Some species are said to be healing for wounds.

75. GUTIFE'RE. Example: Cambogia.

76. Aurantia. Orange tribe. Examples: Orange, Lemon. Properties. re frigerant, tonic.

77. ME'LIE. Tea. Astringent, anodyne.

78. VITES. The Vine family Stem woody, sarmentose, cirrifferous. Leaves alternate, stipuled. Tendrils and peduncles opposite. Flowers in a thyrse. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla 5-petalled. Stamens 5. Pericarp a berry. Example: Vitis, the grape. Another order has been substituted by De Candolle, called Ampelidea, which contains Ampelopsis and Vitis.

79. GERA'NIE. Geranium tribe. Stamens 10, monadelphous. Fruit a dieresil; 5 carpels, each 2-seeded.

Stigmas 5.

80. MALVA CEE. Holly-hock tribe. Leaves alternate, stipuled. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-petalled. Stamens indefinite, monadelphous. Dieresil with many carpels. Carpels many-seeded. Examples: Holly-hock, Lavatera, Mallows. 81. MAGNO LIE. Tulip-tree tribe. Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, coria ceous. Flowers large, solitary, often odoriferous. Examples: Magnolia, Liriodendron.

82. ANNO'NE. Example: Anona, custard-apple.

83. MENISPER ME. Example: Menisperm, moon-seed.

84. BERBER'IDES. Example: Hamamelis, witch-hazel; Berberis or barberry Flowers panicled. Pericarp a capsule or berry.

85. TILIACEE. Bass-wood plants. Trees. Leaves alternate, stipuled. Flowers corymbed. Example: Tilia, bass-wood, or lime-tree.

86. CISTI. Rock-rose plants. Small shrubs. Example: Cistus.

87. RUTA CEE. Rue plants. Leaves compound. Stamens 6. Fruit a dieresil or regmate. Example: Rue, (Ruta.)

88. CARYOPHYLLEE. Pink-like plants. Herbaceous. Leaves opposite. Flowers often terminal, sometimes axillary. Fruit a capsule. Example: Dianthus.

CLASS XIV. Dicotyledons.

Corolla polypetalous; stamens epigynous, (around the germ.)

89. SEMPERVIVE. House-leek plants. Emollient.

90. SAXIFRA'GE. Saxifrage plants.

91. CACTI. Prickly-pear tribe.

92. PORTULAC'CEE. Purslane tribe. Example: Portulacca. Properties: emol lient.

93. FICO DEE. Example: Mesembryanthemum, ice-plant.

94. ONA GRE. Willow-herb plants. Example: Epilobium.

95. MYRTI. Example: Myrtus.

96. MELAS TOME Example: Rhexia, deer-grass. 97. SALICA'RIE. Examples: Lythrum, Cuphea

98. ROSA CEE. Rose and apple tribe. Stamens numerous.

ion. Examples: Rosa, Pyrus.

Pericarp a pyrid

99. LEGUMINO'SÆ. Pea tribe. Stamens 10, diadelphous. Flower papiliona Fruit a legume. Examples: Lupinus, Trifolium.

ceous.

100. TEREBINTA CEE. Example: Rhus, the sumach.

101 RHAMNI. Examples: Buckthorn, (Rhamnus,) and Ceonothus.

CLASS XV. Dicotyledons.

Stamens and pistils diclinious, or on different flowers.

102. EUPHORBIA. Example: Euphorbia, or spurge.

103. CUCURBITACE Melon-like plants. Stem herbaceous. Stamens 5. Frui

a pepc. Examples: Watermelon, Cucumber.

104. URTICE'E. Example: Hop, (Humulus.)

105. AMENTA CEE. Trees with inflorescence in an ament or catkin Examples: Oak, Willow.

106. CONIFERÆ. Cone-bearing trees. Examples: Pine, Cedar.

THE FLORA,

OR

PRACTICAL BOTANIST'S COMPANION:

CONTAINING

GENERIC AND SPECIFIC

DESCRIPTIONS

OF THE

PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES

CULTIVATED AND EXOTIC

SECTION III.

GENERA OF PLANTS.

pistils much exserted; capsule ovate, acu minate, opening at the top. (culver's physic.)

GRATIO'LA. Calyx 5-parted, often with 2 bracts at the base; corolla irregular, resupinate, 2-lipped, upper lip 2-lobed, lower sule 2-celled, 2-valved. (hedge-hyssop.) one equally 3-cleft; stigma 2-lipped; cap

LINDER NIA. Calyx 4-parted; corolla resupinate, tubular, 2-lipped, upper lip trifid, unequal, filaments 4, the 2 longer short, reflexed, emarginate, lower one ones forked and barren; capsule 2-celled, fila-2-valved, the dissepiment parallel to the

SAL"VIA. Calyx tubular, striated, 2-lipped, upper lip 2 to 3-toothed, lower lip 2cleft; corolla ringent, upper lip concave, lower lip broad, 3-lobed, the middle lobe the largest, notched; stamens with two LEPTAN"DRIA. Calyx 5-parted, segments spreading branches, one of which bears a acuminate; corolla tubular-campanulate, 1-celled anther; germ 4-cleft; style threadborder 4-lobed, a little ringent, lower seg-shaped, curved; seeds 4, in the bottom of ment narrow; stamens and at length the the calyx. (sage.)