Essay on the Rate of Wages: With an Examination of the Causes of the Differences in the Condition of the Labouring Population Throughout the WorldCarey, Lea & Blanchard, 1835 - 255 страници |
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abroad absentee advantage agricultural amount annum assessment average wages Britain bushels canals capitalist cause cent commodities consequence consumption corn laws cost cotton cultivation difference duties effect employed employment enable England English equal Europe exist expense exported extent females following extract foreign former France fund greater Hindoo Hindostan important improvement increase of capital India industry Ireland labouring classes land landlord M'Culloch machinery males manufacture ment millions mode nation necessary net wages Netherlands obtain oppression ounces owners paid parish pauper persons political economy poor poor-laws population pounds present produce profit prohibitions proportion proprietor prosperity Prussia quantity rate of profit rate of wages raw produce receive reduced regulations rent revenue rice Rickards rupees Ryot says security of person silver spinners subsistence supposed taxation taxes throstle tion tivator trade United wealth weavers week wheat whole Zemindar
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Страница 169 - It must not be; there is no power in Venice Can alter a decree established: 'Twill be recorded for a precedent; And many an error, by the same example, Will rush into the state: it cannot be.
Страница 188 - Hindoostanee language, as well as Persian and Arabic, the senior boys could pass a good examination in English grammar, in Hume's History of England, Joyce's Scientific Dialogues, the use of the globes, and the principal facts and moral precepts of the Gospel, most of them writing beautifully in the Persian, and very tolerably in the English character, and excelling most boys I have met with in the accuracy and readiness of their arithmetic.
Страница 149 - ... what rosy gills ! what a beautiful reliance on Providence doth he manifest — taking no more thought than lilies ! What contempt for money — accounting it (yours and mine especially) no better than dross ! What a liberal confounding of those pedantic distinctions of meum and tuum!
Страница 149 - What a careless, even deportment hath your borrower ! what rosy gills ! what a Beautiful reliance on Providence doth he manifest — taking no more thought than lilies ! What contempt for money — accounting it (yours and mine especially) no better than dross...
Страница 150 - Had you any Frenchmen employed under you ?' — ' Yes ; eight, at two francs a day.' ' What had you a day ?' — ' Twelve francs.' ' Supposing you had had eight English carders under you, how much more work could you have done ?' — ' With one Englishman, I could have done more than I did with those eight Frenchmen. It cannot be called work they do : it is only looking at it, and wishing it done.
Страница 185 - India, as well in arts and manufactures as in agriculture, that every mechanic and artisan not only conducts the whole process of his arts, from the formation of his tools to the sale of his production ; but, where husbandry is so simple a process, turns cultivator for the support of himself and family. He thus divides his time and labour, between the loom and the plough; thereby multiplying occupations fatal to the improvement of either.
Страница 73 - The hand-loom weavers,' says Dr. Kay, speaking of those living in Mancheater, • labour fourteen hours and upwards daily, and earn only from five to seven or eight shillings per week. They consist chiefly of Irish, and are affected by all the causes of moral and physical depression which we have enumerated. Ill-fed, ill'Clothed, half-sheltered, and ignorant — weaving in close, damp cellars, or crowded, ill-ventilated workshops — it only remains that they should become, as is too frequently the...
Страница 43 - If they are ex' ported, the landlord will obtain an equivalent ' for them in English commodities ; if they are ' not, he will obtain an equivalent for them in Irish ' commodities ; so that in both cases the landlord ' lives on the cattle, or on the value of the cattle : ' and whether he lives in Ireland or in England, ' there is obviously just the very same amount of ' commodities for the people of Ireland to subsist
Страница 187 - ... the children of the poor. One of their men of rank has absolutely promised to found a college at Burdwan, with one of our Missionaries at its head, and where little children should be clothed and educated under his care. All this is very short indeed of embracing Christianity themselves, but it proves how completely those feelings are gone by, in Bengal at least, which made even the presence of a single Missionary the occasion of tumult and alarm. I only hope that no imprudence, or over-forwardness...
Страница 188 - They are sober, indus-^ trious, dutiful to their parents, and affectionate to their children, of tempers almost uniformly gentle and patient, and more easily affected by kindness and attention to their wants and feelings than almost any men whom I have met with.