Edward Montagu, Lord Montagu of Boughton, d. 1618 Robert Phelps, D.D.; Master, 1843-1890. The Countess of Sussex, Foundress. John Garnett, D.D.; Fellow; Bishop of Clogher, d. 1782. Peter Blundell, of Tiverton, Clothier; Benefactor. John Bramhall, D.D.; Archbishop of Armagh, d. 1663. James Tate, M.A., Fellow, Head Master of Richmond Grammar School, Yorkshire, and Canon of St Paul's. In the Combination Room The Countess of Sussex, Foundress. In the Master's Lodge Dining-room :-The Countess of Sussex, Foundress. Samuel Ward, D.D.; Master, 1609-43; Archdeacon of Taunton. James Johnson, Master, 1688-1703; by Valentine Ritz, 1692. William Wollaston, elected Master, but election declared void, d. 1724. Portrait of a man (? King George 1.) John Colson, Lucasian Professor, 1739-60. William Chafy, D.D.; Master, 1813-43. Landing: Bardsey Fisher, Master, 1703-23. Mrs Fisher, wife of preceding. CHAPTER XIII The University Buildings "What a world of wit is here pack't up together! I know not whether this sight doth more dismay, or comfort me; it dismayes me to thinke, that heere is so much that I cannot know; it comforts mee, to thinke that this variety yeelds so good helps to know what I should. There is no truer word than that of SOLOMON, There is no end of making many Bookes; this sight verifies it; There is no end; indeed, it were pitty there should. God hath given to Man a busie Soul; the agitation thereof cannot but through time and experience worke out many hidden truthes: to suppresse these would bee no other then injurious to Mankind; whose minds, like unto so many candles, should bee kindled by each other. The thoughts of our deliberation are most accurat, these wee vent into our Papers. What an happinesse is it, that, without all offence, of Necromancy, I may here call up any of the ancient Worthies of learning, whether humane, or divine, and conferre with them of all my doubts: That I can at pleasure summon whole Synodes of Reverend Fathers, and acute Doctors from all the Coasts of the Earth, to give their well-studyed judgements in all points of question which I propose. Neyther can I cast my eye casually upon any of these silent Maisters, but I must learn somewhat. It is a wantonnesse to complaine of choyse. "No Law binds us to read all: but the more we can take in, and digest, the better-liking must the minds needs bee. Blessed be God that hath set up so many cleare Lamps in his Church. "Now, none but the wilfully blind can plead darknesse; And blessed be the memory of those his faithful Servants, that have left their bloud, their spirits, their lives in these precious papers; and have willingly wasted themselves into these during Monuments, to give light unto others." Bp. HALL (1630). MUCH of the medieval history of Cambridge centres in the church of Great S. Mary and of its attached parish. Three centuries indeed passed between the founding and the finishing of "Great Maryes." In the proverbial saying "all church work is slow" Fuller apologises for the fact that the first stone of the church was laid in the seventeenth year of Edward IV. on the 18th May 1478, and its tower was not completed until 1608, in the sixth year of King James. Few objects are so completely identified with the idea of Cambridge in the minds of every member of the university as this largest church of the town. It stands conspicuously in what has always been the heart of Cambridge, facing the schools and the Senate House on one side and the Market Hill on the other. Here for several centuries the university was accustomed to meet in its corporate capacity, not only, as now, to hear sermons, but to keep commencements, to recite speeches, to hold disputations in arts and law and theology, to transact affairs. under the shadow of its Tower, or in earlier times, of the wooden and thatched Bell-lodge in its churchyard the town burgesses held folk-moot and market. Here The church is a fine specimen of late Perpendicular Gothic, having been entirely rebuilt at the end of the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth centuries largely from the designs it is said of Bishop Alcock of Ely, who among other accomplishments was a skilled architect, comptroller of the royal works and buildings of Henry VII. Of the earlier church. which preceded the Perpendicular one we know very little, although the present chancel in spite of later alterations and restorations retains several features of this earlier period. The sedilia and piscina, the blocked up window in the south wall of the chancel are all decorated in character, and the niches on each side of the east window, modern copies of those which formerly occupied the same places, are of the same style. Of the Perpendicular church in its earliest years the most characteristic feature must have been the great rood-loft, which was finished about 1523, and extended across the entire width of the church. This was taken down by order of Archbishop Barber, and a new screen erected in 1640, portions of which probably still remain in the screens at the end of each aisle. The old benches of Jacobean Gothic appear to be of the same date. In 1735 the present galleries were erected, and shortly afterwards the huge structure called The Throne, but commonly spoken of as Golgotha, was erected in the chancel for the accommodation of the Vice-Chancellor, Masters, Doctors, Professors and University officers. As part of the same work a huge pulpit facing eastward stood in the centre of the nave which was seated with benches standing east and west. This portion of the theatre-looking auditorium was irreverently nick-named The Pit. All this grotesque arrangement an example -to quote Archdeacon Hare's words-" of the world turned topsy turvy" was happily swept away in 1863, during the vicariate of H. R. Luard, and during the last fifty years the church has gradually assumed the normal appearance of a dignified parish church. The celebrated Cambridge chimes, which ring out of the tower of the University Church every quarter of an hour, were composed about 1790 by Dr Jowett, tutor of Trinity Hall, with some assistance apparently from Dr Crotch afterwards organist of Christ Church, Oxford, at this time resident in Cambridge. They are an adaptation of Handel's "I know that my Redeemer liveth." The great Bell of the peal is of a remarkably fine tone. Every evening from nine to a quarter past. "compline" or "curfew" is tolled on this bell, and at its conclusion the number of the day of the month is struck. A "Matin bell" is also tolled 66 every morning from a quarter to six to six o'clock. bell is also tolled to summon tions in the Senate House opposite. The great THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Congrega Facing Great S. Mary's on the western side of King's Parade and separated from it by a stretch of greensward called Senate House yard, stands the University Library. This Library in some respects holds a unique position, for it is the only Library in England, perhaps in Europe, of which it can be said that after a continuous existence of nearly five hundred years, and after all the vicissitudes through which it has passed, it is still used day by day by the members of the corporate body to which it belongs down to its humblest student with the freedom of its earliest organisation. It is probably the only great Library in England-it ranks next of course after the British Museum and the Bodleian-which by its regulations grants free access for its readers not only to the distributing counter of the officials, but to the actual books themselves. Of the history of the building it is impossible to give more than the slightest summary. The buildings are disposed round two quadrangles, that on the east, facing S. Mary's church, is called the Schools Quadrangle, because it originally contained the schools, or Lecture Rooms, as we should say, required for University teaching. The second or Western Quadrangle is practically modern, but is built on the site, and partly on the foundations, of the old court of King's College. Of the beautiful gateway of this court, restored by Mr J. L. Pearson, in 1889, we have already spoken in a previous chapter. On the north side of the Schools Quadrangle was the Divinity School-it was here that Erasmus, when holding the Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, |