Treasury, which appears, from the handwriting of the designations of the different parts, to have been made in the reign of Charles the First-probably when the rebuilding was in contemplation. The plan of the new College is drawn on a slip of paper pasted to the original in such a manner as to shew where it was proposed to place it. A reduced copy of the two plans is here given (fig. 2).] The eastern range of the Quadrangle abutted upon Milne Street, and, as shewn in the plans of Hammond (fig. 3) and of Fig. 3. Speed, was continuous with the same range of Trinity Hall. It extended beyond the Chapel to the north; and to the south approached to within fourteen feet of King's College Chapel Porch, which it overlapped six feet, as we shall see stated presently in the Butt Close controversy. It was entered by a gate unknown to Prof. Willis. From the memoranda above quoted, and Cole's sketch given below, he had reconstructed the College with his usual ingenuity, and had placed the different parts quite correctly in relation to each other. The only error he had fallen into was that he made the Court too small, from a belief that Cole's sketch represented the whole north side of it.] rather to the north of its centre, and was irregular in shape, for the southern, western, and northern sides each measured nearly 130 feet, while the eastern side measured only 120 feet. The Chapel, occupying the same relative place as at present, is shewn in Loggan's print. Cole has preserved a rough sketch of it, of which he says, writing on Feb. 15, 1742, "I have seen a plan of ye old College as it then stood, by ye Favour of my Friend ye Rev. Mr Goddard Senior Fellow of ye College ... in a Statute Book of ye College neatly painted wch is quite different from the present Building, for as ye whole stood much nearer to our College [King's] than it now does, viz, came to where the Brick wall at ye W. end of our Chapel and run along and joyned to the Porter's Lodge behind their own Chapel; so their Refectory stood on ye W. side of their Quadrangle fronting ye River wch had no Bridge over it'." Cole shews a few feet more than Loggan does, for his sketch extends to just beyond the door, which, as he tells us, gave access to the Library. [The Master's Lodge, as now, was in the northern half of the western range'. A door in its southern wall gave access to a large apartment (A, fig. 2), probably the Combination Room, whence a second door opened into the Hall. 2 Compare Commiss. Docts. ii. 163. 1 MSS. Cole, ii. 9. This, as Hammond's plan shews, had an oriel towards the Court Beyond the screens were the butteries (B), and the kitchen must have been south or south-west of them. A comparison of the two plans shews that it was at first intended merely to reconstruct the old College 70 feet farther to the west, with a second gateway in the western range, a change now become desirable by the acquisition of ground beyond the river. The formation of this gateway would have necessitated the removal of either the Hall or the Lodge to a new position, in order to keep up the necessary proximity of the two buildings. The western side being obviously the most agreeable situation for the Lodge, the Hall was removed to the north side. Subsequently the plan was slightly modified, the quadrangle being made rectangular, and deeper in proportion to its breadth'. It seems to have been intended to leave the approach to the College open, bounded by walls to the north and south; and it is clear that the College gates were once hung under the entrance in the centre of the eastern façade (E, fig. 1), where the massive staples that carried them may still be seen, and not on stone piers standing flush with the street as at present. Previous to the rebuilding, Milne Street was bounded at its southern end by a wall, and the entrance to King's College Chapel yard was on its eastern side (F, fig. 2).] The old Hall, Butteries, and Combination Room stood clear in the area of the present Quadrangle until the present Hall and its appurtenances were finished in 1693, when they were converted into chambers, and not fully cleared away until the buildings of the new Court were completed at the beginning of the 18th century'. This old hall is pleasantly immortalised in the "Spectator," for May 30, 1711, as follows: "This is to assure you that the club of Ugly Faces was instituted originally at Cambridge, in the merry reign of King Charles the Second. As in great bodies of men it is not difficult to find members enough for such a club, so (I remember) it was then feared, upon their intention of dining together, that the hall belonging to Clare-hall (the ugliest then in the town, though now the neatest) would not be large enough handsomely to hold the company"." 1 Building Accounts. the relative positions of the 2 "Spectator," No. 78. The plan (fig. 2) shews how this naturally happened, from old and new quadrangles. [The paper is by Sir Richard Steele,] The Chapel, which, as we shall see presently, was not pulled down till 1763, has been thus described by Cole: "The prest Chapel, as I sd before, was built in 1535, and stands detach'd from ye Court at ye N. E. Corner of ye Quadrangle and makes a sort of side to ye old Court of Trinity Hall, & comes pretty near ye Great Gate of our old Court wch it directly fronts; at ye E. end of it is ye Porters Lodge, where tradition says yt Peter Gunning BP of Ely formerly studied in. Over ye Anti-Chapel is a Students Chamber, and over ym both and ye Chapel runs a long Room wch was ye old Library to ye Coll: When ye Coll: was new built they left Room to enlarge their Chapel designing to pull yt down when it shd be convenient, with rough Stones to joyn to ye rest of ye Building, wch tho' not yet done, yet am in hopes it won't be long first....There is an Inscription at ye bottom of ye undermost corner Stone of ye Building fronting our Coll: & wch is to joyn ye Chapel, wch from its awkard Situation & partly from its being covered by ye other stones in ye Wall I was some time before I cd make out: but am sure it can be no other than what follows: IEΣV XPO that is This Stone sacred to Jesus Christ ye chosen, or corner Stone was placed here May 16, 1638'. Come we now to ye Chapel, wch is a good neat small Room separated from ye Antichapel by a Wooden Screen; there are no Monumts of any sort in this part of ye Chapel, tho' there is a Tradition y Dr Rob: Scot Dean of Rochester and Master of this College lies interred in it, as there is another yt ye reason why no one, except this last named (& that is not certain) was ever buried in it is that it never was consecrated: wch I think hardly probable. The inside 1 [In the account of laying the foundation-stone of the new Chapel (Cam. Chron. April 30, 1763) the word AKPOT is added after EKAEKT, probably for åkpå: and the date is given as May 19. The same stone was used afterwards for the foundationstone of the new Chapel with the following additional inscription: RESURGENTIS P. S. Goddard, M. Cole's correspondent the Rev. Edward Betham, Fellow and Bursar of King's, remarks in a letter to him, after describing the position of the stone: "Inscriptions of this Kind should be as plain and intelligible as may be. As to this, the Living cannot make it out immediately; and can it be expected those who come after should understand it better? Posterity will want some one to explain the Meaning of the Words; and where will He find anyone to tell Him, why two such different Dates are put upon one and the same Stone?" MSS. Cole, ii. 1o.] of this Chapel is handsomely furnished wth a double row of Stalls on each side and at ye W. end. The Altar stands on an Eminence of 3 Steps & is covered by a handsom Carpet, & has no Rails abt it: ye Back of it is adorned wth a curious peice of fine Tapestry representing a Story out of ye old Testament; & on each side of it are 5 small Pillars by way of Ornament having ye Arms of ye College over ye middle one on each side. On ye 2d Step which leads up to ye Altar stands ye Litany Desk, made new while I was an unworthy Member of this College. There is but one Monument in ye Chapel, wch is only an Honorary one or Cenotaph in Remembrance of a late Master and Benefactor, Dr Samuel Blythe who lies buried in S. Edwards Church. ... There are 3 Windows on each side of ye Chapel, in wch formerly were ye Figures of ye 12 Apostles, and 4 Doctors of ye Church curiously painted; but these were broken in the general Destruction of such peices of Decency throughout this County in 1643, and nothing but the lowermost half of ym remain, wth their names at ye Feet of most of ym." [He then proceeds to describe and figure the coats of arms in the windows, among which are those of the College "under a picture of St Ambrose'."] This Chapel incurred the 'strong censure of Cardinal Pole's commissioners at the visitation of the University in 1557, because it had never been consecrated?. CHAPTER II. HISTORY OF THE EXISTING COLLEGE. Description of the Buildings. The Butt Close Controversy. WE may now examine the history of the existing College. This consists of a single Quadrangle, 110 feet broad from north to south, and 150 feet from east to west. It has an entrance court to the east in Trinity Hall Lane with handsome iron gates and stone piers. The entrance archway and Porter's Lodge is in the centre of the front towards the court, but not of the front towards the street, because the Chapel which projects from it and occupies the north side of the entrance court destroys the symmetrical position of the arch. The east and south sides of the quadrangle, and the southern half of the west side, are occupied by chambers in two stories with a garret floor above. 1 MSS. Cole, ii. 13-15. * Cooper's Annals, ii. 121. |