meant, which consists wholly of chambers and may now be described. It must be previously remarked that the outer wall of the north end of the western range is built of roughly squared clunch in courses, not of the same period as the neatly finished work of the hall, and totally different from the uncoursed rubble of the kitchen. At this corner is a pointed doorway, originally belonging to a thoroughfare passage into the quadrangle (B, fig. 2). This was blocked up when the walls received their Italian dress, and a new passage was cut through the centre of the west side to reduce the court to classical symmetry. This new passage at its other end now enters the modern Gisborne court with medieval asymmetry at one of its corners. On the north side of the principal court, opposite to the Hall door, there was originally a second thoroughfare passage leading into the churchyard (H, fig. 2), of which the two parallel walls still remain on the ground floor within a set of chambers; and the archway of the north side, now bricked up, is to be seen in the churchyard. The inner arch, with a sundial over it, which opened into the quadrangle, is shewn in Loggan's view, but is now masked by an Italian window, the fourth in order from the N.W. corner. A stone vice like those on the other sides of the quadrangle leads to the upper chambers at the east end of the north range (P, fig. 2). It will be remembered that the parish Church was used as a College Chapel until after the Reformation, as was the practice at Corpus Christi College; and, as at that College, the north side of this quadrangle is connected with the Church by a gallery leading from the upper floor, and bridging over the space between the vestry and the College'. From this gallery a flight of stone steps leads down to the choir door. The space under this bridge, as the remains of the walls shew, was once vaulted over, and had open arches on the east and west sides for the parishioners' road into the churchyard, which had been on the south side of the Church, as the porch was, until 1737, when the new building next the street was planned. A College order was made on March 3 of that year: 1 [A ground plan of the parts of the Church and College here described, on a scale of 16 feet to 1 inch, is given in figure 18.] "That the new Building to be erected be set from the chapel as far as the vestry, and a church-way be made for the parishioners on the north side of the church; provided the consent of the Parish and Ordinary be obtained for that purpose." The vaulted passage had also a gateway arch on the south side leading into the College (A, fig. 18), of which the western jamb (ibid. B) still remains, and a door on the north side into the vestry (ibid. H). The new building obtrudes itself into the area of this passage, and the vault and two of the arches were pulled down to make way for it. The gallery is now carried upon a wooden floor, and only the western wall and arch remain, with a few traces to bear testimony to its ancient form'. This wall next the churchyard shews that the vestry and archway were planned when the Church was built in 1350, for 1 The passage from the College to the Church was not destroyed in 1737, for an order in 1750 (May 9) directs "that a Porter's lodge be fitted up in the passage from the Cloyster to Little S. Maries' Church." the lower story of the vestry is in continuity with the walls of the Church, and like that has its plinth of hard stone with clunch masonry above. [This is well seen along the west wall CD, and the wall of the Church, DE.] The north jamb of the archway (ibid. F) is carried up as part of the same structure to a height of four or five feet; but the south jamb of the archway, the arch itself, and the walls of the gallery and upper story of the vestry are a totally subsequent work, added apparently after a considerable interval, and wholly built of red brick. [A view of the gallery, and adjoining structures, is given in fig. 11; it is also indicated in Hammond's plan (fig. 3).] The north wall of the chambers against which the gallery abuts is part of the same brick structure, extending forty-eight feet to the west; at which point (L, fig. 2), at the end of a set of chambers, an abrupt change of work occurs, and the remainder of the wall to the corner (ibid. R) is of clunch. The clunch on this side is very much decayed, and the whole wall presents a mass of patchwork, alterations, and inserted chimneys and windows. [One of the original windows is here shewn (fig. 12). Those that were inserted subsequently, except the obviously modern ones, are shallow square-headed double lights.] The lower part of the wall is of brick for a few feet above the ground, which may however be a facing added to the decayed clunch by way of under-pinning it'. The most probable time for the completion of the gallery appears to be the middle of the fifteenth century, when the choir of the Church was refitted, altars consecrated, and chantries. founded; and this was also the period when the new quadrangle was in building, according to the rolls already quoted. The rough construction of the building, the unfortunately perishable clunch which was so largely employed, and the desire for larger windows, led to several thorough repairs, by which the original architectural appearance of the College was destroyed, long before it assumed its Italian disguise. 1 [It should be noticed that the wall of the Church at the foot of the stairs (G, fig. 18) is very much corroded, as though by exposure to weather. This, coupled with the fact noticed by Prof. Willis above, that the lower part of the wall CD is of clunch, while the upper part is of brick, makes me think that the gallery was built long subsequent to the staircase. It had been planned before, but the design had been abandoned for some now unknown reason.] [The following notices of extensive repairs during the first half of the sixteenth century occur in the rolls. 4.5" Fig. 12. Early Window in North Wall. In 1523-4 Thomas White was paid twenty-two shillings pro ly poyntyng" of eleven "rods" of the Library'. In 1526-7 John Morley "pointed the whole northern side of the house. next to the Church" at a cost of twenty shillings: and in 1538-9 workmen were employed for twenty-two days upon the same 1 part, and upon the Library, Hall, Master's chamber, walls of the grove, and other places in the College. This cost £3. 8s. 3d. In 1544 a quantity of plate, apparently belonging to the Chapel, was sold to pay for a new pavement to the court'. In 1545-6 the west side of the College was repaired over an extent of seven stadia and two ells; also the south side of the kitchen and the chamber of Mr Cycell over an extent of three stadia and a half: and the outside of the College on the north over an extent of thirteen stadia. The whole sum spent in repairs this year was £7. 10s. 111d.2 The existence of the following buildings in or near the College is proved by the references to them in the accounts; but, unfortunately, in most instances it is impossible to fix their position. They are interesting, however, as illustrating the domestic requirements of an ancient College. A bakehouse (pistrinum) is mentioned in most of the rolls of the fifteenth century; also a place to keep salt provisions in (domus salsamentorum3): “le fish loft," intended probably for salt fish; and "le fish house in le Coe Fen," probably a vivarium. There was a storehouse for coal (domus qua carbones exponuntur®), and a lime-house (domus qua calx ponitur). Besides these there were a granary (granarium), a "haye house"," a "wheate loft"," a dove-cote, and a hen-house" (domus gallinaria). We know from Loggan where the tennis-court (sphæristerium) was. I have not, however, been able to discover when it was built. It is first mentioned in the roll for 1571-2, after which time the name occurs very frequently down to 1605-6, the last year in which 1 "Rad. Aynsworth, M.A. Mr. et Socii, omnes ac singuli 12, vendiderunt crucem et calicem argentea deaurata, et alia Jocalia, ut pavimentum plateæ conficere possent, 1544." Register of Bishop Wren, MSS. Baker, xlij. 188. There is an amusing entry in 1547-8, "vjd. pro reparatione muri in promptuario a furibus perfossi." 2 In 1545 the Commissioners of Henry VIII report that three fellowships had been vacant for several months by reason of the great expenses in repairs during the last year. Commiss. Docts. i. 112. 10 [Ibid. 1545—6. It was let on lease in 1675, and again in 1682, at a yearly rent of 205.] 11 Ibid. 1545-6. |