lower part of a half principal (fig. 6) at the north end of its roof may be seen by ascending the old wooden staircase at the north-west external corner of the quadrangle (B, fig. 2)'. [There is a similar principal at the south end, at the head of the stone vice mentioned above.] The rest of the roof is concealed by the ceilings of the chambers into which it is now divided. Enough however remains to shew that the library must have been about forty-five feet long, and twenty feet broad. [Three of the old windows have been preserved; the one at the north end of the apartment, assuming it to have extended as far as the north wall of the College, and the two northernmost in the western wall. The last are plain two-light windows, pointed, without cusps, and set in a square head. The northern one is of three lights.] The new kitchen comes next in order in 1450. This is at the extreme end of the south ern range of building. Its wall (DE, fig. 2), as seen in the kitchen court, is of rough uncoursed rubble work, very different from that of the older buttery and hall, of which it is the continuation. The junction of the two works is marked by a buttress (D, fig. 2) represented in figure 7. The kitchen has a small vestibule divided from it, at the angle of which next to the court is a stone vice (C, fig. 2), which gives access to the chambers above the kitchen and buttery. The chamber over the latter is recorded 1 [This stair and the garrets above are termed in the College "Noah's Ark."] : 2 [I do not understand why Professor Willis assigns so short a length to this room. There appears to be no reason why it should not have extended as far as the north wall or at any rate up to the southern face of the north range, which would give it a length of 60 feet. The Catalogue in the Old Register, made in 1418, shews that even then the College possessed an extensive collection of books, which had probably grown too large for the libraria antiqua mentioned above (p. 12, note), and this new room was built to accommodate them.] 3 [The original doorway at the foot of this stair was discovered and opened out VOL. I. 2 to have been reconstructed at the same time with the kitchen; when also the buttery was divided by a wall which still remains. in the course of the work done to the south side of the court in 1870. The present Treasury is on the first floor at the head of this stair: and a door from it opens into the gallery of the Hall.] The south wall of the hall is now curiously patched with successive repairs, but was originally carefully built of small squared clunch, much more neatly jointed than any of the other clunch walls in the College. A plain pointed doorway at the south end of the passage behind the hall screen (F, fig. 2) is the oldest piece of masonry remaining in the College buildings. It has sometimes been called Early English, and at any rate appears to be earlier than 1307. [It is represented, with its moldings, in figure 8, and a ground-plan of that at the opposite end of the passage, which is much richer, in figure 9; a third door, still richer, gives access to the Hall from the vestibule at I (fig. 2).] There are no traces of buttresses to the hall, and the present windows have been patched into the wall in such a manner as to make it impossible to trace accurately the original state of it. The eastern extremity is of rougher work as if rebuilt, and the parapet of the whole is all of subsequent work. The squared clunch work extends to the buttress in the kitchen yard and includes the buttery, thus marking a first portion of the work, namely the hall as first erected. There can be little doubt that it is substantially the same as that erected with the Bishop's legacy shortly after 1286. [The only notices of it that occur in the Bursars' Rolls are for repairs and fittings. Wooden door-jambs and doors were made in 1563-4; and in 1589-90 it was wainscotted, apparently for the first time, as much as £12. 10s. being spent upon the work. It had previously been hung with tapestry, probably over the dais, which was repaired in this year'.] 1 Fig. 9. Ground-plan of door at North End of Hall-passage. 1 [Bursar's Roll, 1589-90, "xxiijs. vjd. Gilberto Thorn reficienti le Cloth of Arras in aula."] From the east end of the hall a series of chambers in two stories extends to the present library. The first floor is known to have been the Master's lodge. The ancient statutes of 1344 give the Master two chambers, of course placed in the ancient buildings nearer the street, but the later statutes which belong to the beginning of the sixteenth century assign to the Master "all the eastern portion of the house which adjoins the hall, except the common chamber, which we desire to be open to the scholars in winter1." This common chamber or College parlour has also been time. out of mind placed on the ground floor at the east end of the hall, and the mantels of its chimney-piece appear to be mentioned in 1464. But on the other hand the foundation of a parlour in connexion with other chambers occurs in 1466, after which date there is a break in the rolls, and the position of these chambers cannot be fixed. [The parlour is frequently alluded to in the rolls, usually for repairs only. In 1550-1 the fireplace was painted in colours, and in 1589-90 the floor was paved with tiles'.] At the junction of the hall and Master's upper room a tower staircase is placed (G, fig. 2), as at Pembroke, S. John's, Christ's, and Queens', by which he could descend to the garden and to the hall and combination room3. The patched state of the wall in this part is partly due to a fire which consumed the Master's chambers in 1639, and occasioned a repair of them and of the tower which is recorded in the rolls". [The woodcut 1 [Commiss. Doct. ii. pp. 6-56. The seventh Statute, De assignatione camerarum, ordains "Magister unam cameram pro se eligat quam voluerit, et aliam de consilio Decanorum." In the later code, Statute 35, the words are "Magister eam totam (excepto communi Conclavi, quod Scholaribus tempore hyemali patere volumus) Domus partem sibi habeat, quæ ab orientali parte ejusdem Aulæ est contigua.”] ["Et de lijs. Homes pro sexcentis le pauing tyle pro conclaui."] 2 3 [On one of Professor Willis' papers I find the following description of this part which seems worth preserving, "Examining the south wall from the east end of the Hall, we first observe an external brick turret with a vice, and then a piece of brick walling much patched and altered by the insertion of sash windows and repairs. This extends as far as the beginning of the Library." These windows, with the curious wooden louvre which at that time capped the turret, are well shewn in a view by Westall, Ackermann i. 2. See below, Chap. VIII.] 1638. "Edificationem novorum graduum a conclavi superiori in hortum magistri descendentium." 1639. Materials, etc. “ad restauranda cubicula et hortum præfecti 7li. 125. od.... (fig. 10) shews the present appearance of this tower. The battlements were added, it is believed, during a general repair of the College in 1848, but no record has been preserved of the manner in which it was terminated originally. The door giving access to the garden is original. Over that which opens into the Master's chamber on the first floor is a molding which seems to indicate a roof. Possibly the staircase was originally of wood, and rose no higher than this door.] The order of description has now led us from the old Library on the west side of the quadrangle, to the Master's lodge and chambers at the end of the south range. But as the previous rolls from 1424 to 1429 relate to chambers, and the indenture. for the Library in 1431 alludes to these new buildings of the College, we can only suppose part of the north range to be pro turriculæ fabrica et materie, etc. pro fabrica collegii et cubiculi præfecti igne consumpti, cum horto Præfecti" etc.-total, 132 li. 7s. 1640. "... pro materia et opera plumbaria circa turriculam ijli. xiiijs. jd."— Bursars' Rolls. The previous existence of the tower is proved by Lyne's plan in 1574: else it might have been imagined, from these items, that it was built in 1638. |