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stulps," and the whole new piece of work is set up-(by which the line of posts and rails before the door is meant)—and the common garden is surrounded with a mud wall.

burne

[1534-7].

[3] In the year 1534 plate to the value of £70. 10s. od., and in the Robert following year to the value of £31. os. od., is sold. Out of the proceeds Swinthe wall with which the garden is now surrounded is built at a cost of about £36. os. 3d. A certain window in the Chapel (which must beyond all doubt and question be the West window) is inserted at a cost of £8. os. od. or more: an equal sum is spent upon the pavement of the Court; and a trellis made for our vines costs £4. os. od.3

[4] His private fortune being extremely slender (taking into con- William sideration his dignity and his necessities, for he had, when elected, a Fulke wife and family to maintain), the question of providing some slight [1578-89]. increase to his stipend, which before was a very small one, was considered as soon as he had taken office. In consequence, from that time forwards an additional yearly sum of £5. os. od. is paid to the Master, and moreover certain grounds are assigned to his use.

In the year 1579 that range of buildings is erected, at his instance, which we still call University Hostel, because it stands on the same ground. To this work the Master gives £20. os. od., the rest of the cost falling on the College."]

All memory of the position of the small Chapel mentioned in is lost. The Library (§ 2) is recorded as the work of Laurence Booth. Either therefore the Hall was in building in his time, and the plan was changed at his suggestion, which is most probable; or else the Hall had been finished long before, and was now unroofed, and the additional story raised on the old walls. The building of the Tower at this time of course refers only to the upper part, but the disposition of the building shews that the Library story was an afterthought, for the buttresses of the Hall, arranged to resist the thrust of the roof, rise only to the level of the sills of the Library windows,

1 ["Stulp. A short stout post put down to mark a boundary." Halliwell's Archaic Dictionary. "Stulp (pronounced Stoop) is commonly used in the north of England for a Gate-Post." Dr Ainslie.]

2 [Part of this was kitchen-garden.

Bishop Wren's small MS.]

"1558. A key to ye Cooke's garden."

3 In this Master's time the College sold the Hospitium of St Botolph, including the entire area between Pembroke Lane and the Churchyard. This property had been given to them by Laurence Booth. [I have not thought it necessary to translate the portion of the history referring to this transaction, as the piece of ground in question never formed part of the College site.]

4 [In Wren's small MS. occurs this entry, "1452.

libraria £45. 7. 3."]

Summa totalis pro nova

5 [This is shewn by the words used by Wren "Turris illa.....exædificatur.”]

Fig 10. Window in Library.

and the latter are spaced at equal distances along the wall, as usual in Libraries, but without regard to the spacing of the buttresses, so that some of the windows are placed partly over the latter (fig. 4). The form of these small windows appears at first sight the same as that of the windows of the buttery and muniment-room, but there is this difference, that the arch-heads of the lights in the latter are simply pointed, but in the former are four-centred, which may indicate a later style. The buttresses, however, are necessary to resist the thrust of the braces by which the beams of the Library floor are sustained. The roof which Booth applied to his Library was like that of his work at the Public Schools, provided with a tie-beam so as not to require buttresses'. [When the Hall was pulled down a portion of the head of one of the Library windows was fortunately discovered in its original position, behind a chimney which had been built against it when the Library was divided into chambers. Enough remained to determine the original form, as is here shewn (fig. 10). One of the lights of the window of the muniment room has also been drawn (fig. 11) for comparison with it. It was further discovered that the wall at the north end of the Hall, pierced by the three doors C, D, E, had clearly not been constructed at the same time as the east and west walls, for it was not tied in to them; but had probably been added at the same time as the upper story, in order to support the staircase by which it was to be approached. The Library was entered through a stone arch at its north end at the top of these stairs.] The fittings which Booth put into the Chapel (§ 2) must have been remarkably good, for in 1516 the stalls and "Rodeloft

Fig. 11.

Window in Muniment
Room.

1 [The share which Booth took, when Bishop of Durham and Chancellor of the University, in the building of the Schools' Quadrangle, will be related in the History of the Schools.]

and Candell-beame" of the new College of S. John's were directed to be made according to their pattern'.

Wooden railings, and heavy tall posts, carved, and sometimes adorned with shields bearing coats of arms, are shewn in front of several of the Colleges by Loggan, but not at Pembroke, for it happened that there they had been removed in 1681, just

[graphic]

Fig. 12. South Gable of the old Lodge, now destroyed.

before his view was made. [The mud wall round the garden did not last long; for in 1482 we learn that it was replaced, at least at the east end, by a stone one. This is probably the wall

[It is to some of the alterations made in this Master's time that the following extract (by Wren) from the accounts refers: 1475. pro factura chori de novo 15li. Ios."] Pro facturâ muri lapidei in extremitate magni gardini 1482." Wren's Extracts from the College Accounts.

64

made of large blocks of clunch which may be seen to this day along the eastern side of the garden next Tennis Court Road. It is returned beneath the south wall of the Tennis Court for about six feet.]

[It is difficult to determine the situation of University Hostel after the rebuilding by William Fulke in 1579 (§ 4). Richard Parker, writing about 1622, describes it as "That now call'd the Hostle, on the south side of Pembroke Hall, to the westward," and the plan of Hammond, 1592 (fig. 3), and that of Speed, 1610, shew a narrow quadrangle abutting upon the south side of the College, between the Master's Lodge and the street. This however was certainly called S. Thomas' Hostel. It is of course possible, there having been two hostels within the College precincts, that the name of the one might be applied to the other; or the same building be called by different names. But we are told that when the Hitcham building was erected in 1659, University Hostel was pulled down to make way for it, a statement which compels us to seek for the Hostel in some other situation. than the former. Now a building is shewn by Hammond (fig. 3), and also by Speed, at the corner of Pembroke Street and the lane leading to Swinecroft, extending far enough southward to interfere with the erection of the building in question. This edifice, moreover, must have stood on a portion of the ground belonging to the ancient University Hostel which we know was acquired by the Foundress in 1351'.

Hammond also shews the Lodge projecting southwards into the garden from the south-east corner of the College, and overlapped on its west side by part of the Hostel.] The building which now projects southwards into the garden and forms an extension of the Master's Lodge was probably erected in the reign of Charles I. It contains a kitchen below and a drawingroom above on the first floor, and chambers with a passage connecting the several rooms on the first floor. It was at

1 [Parker's History, p. 30. Dr Ainslie, p. 13. The latter gives no authority for the statement that University Hostel was pulled down to make way for Hitcham's building, nor have I been able to discover any, though I have carefully searched the College records in the hope of doing so. He was however so accurate that we may rest assured he had good reason for making it. A note in the College Accounts for 1580 shews that the rebuilding was completed in that year. Wren says that it was only the Hall of University Hostel that was rebuilt.]

first entered by an external staircase'. It has an oriel to the south, which has been rebuilt in later times of white brick (fig. 12).

[We obtain from the College accounts evidence of works of minor importance which may here be noticed. In 1537 mention is made of the Dovehouse. In 1552 Dials were set up. In 1559 the Wheathouse was roofed in: and in 1564 a Tennis Court was either built, or one already existing was repaired. We know from Lyne's map3, 1574, and from that by Braunius, 1575, that the Dovehouse stood in the Orchard. The Tennis Court is still in existence, and the Dials may perhaps be those shewn in Loggan's view of the Garden, but where the Wheathouse was is unknown.]

CHAPTER III.

BUILDINGS OF THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH
CENTURIES.

WE now enter upon a new era. Sir Robert Hitcham, by his Will, dated Aug. 8, 1636 (a week before his death), devised the manor of Framlingham in Suffolk to the College. In con

1 This is shewn in Loggan (fig. 4), where an older narrow building projects westward at the south extremity of the additional wing. This part of the south wall now contains an Elizabethan doorway, but probably removed from its original site. [This doorway was in the centre of the west side of the wing erected in 1745, the south end of which is shewn in fig. 12.]

* The following extracts from College accounts, now lost, refer to these buildings. They were made by Dr Matthew Wren. [As the Dovehouse is not shewn either in Loggan's map or view, we may assume that it had been destroyed before his time.] For y Dove-house £13.9. 1.

"1537.
1552.

Dialls made.

1559.

For covering ye whete house ut patet per billam, £9. 18.4.

1564. Boards to make a tennyse court £1.0.0.”

[It has been reproduced in the History of Corpus Christi College, Chapter I.] [This paragraph is taken in substance, and sometimes in language also, from Dr Ainslie, pp. 93, 4.]

5 [Dr Ainslie records that Wren had been the cause of Hitcham's bequest. His will is printed in "History of Framlingham; by R. Hawes. 4°. Woodbridge, 1798."

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