Local government and taxation and mr. Goschen's reportBush, 1874 - 104 страници |
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arrondissement Belgium borne by land canals cent comparison conclusions deduction districts Dudley Baxter England and Wales English Real Property English taxation error fallacious fee simple figures foreign countries France French Real Property Goschen Goschen's Report GOVERNMENT AND TAXATION heavily taxed hereditary burden Imperial Taxation Income Tax assessment increase of rates lands and houses legacy duty Letter ment Mill's theory nominal rateable value official old Poor Law out-door relief outdoor outdoor relief owners Pall Mall Gazette parish paupers percentages Personal Incomes perty Poor Law Board Poor Law period Poor Law Unions portion pound prescriptive burdens prescriptive taxes present probate and legacy property in England proportion prove R. J. BUSH rateable property ratepayers rates on land real property pays Robert Torrens Sir Lawrence Palk sonalty standard of rateable succession duty taxa taxation of Real Taxation Tables tion total income total poor rate total rates total taxation UNITED KINGDOM valuation
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Страница 74 - ... the ratios of the moisture-free coals and of their respective compensated calorific values with the curve of the air-dried coals, as noted on page 34. A review of the efficiency variations in Table 2 tends to show slightly more frequent calorific deficiencies in coals having abnormally high moisture. But, on the other hand, allowance must be made for the fact that most of the samples very high in moisture are low in the scale of coal formation, and consequently most susceptible to deterioration...
Страница 5 - Id., and here peculation and bad management show themselves ; whilst in Suffolk, where the poor-rates are enormously heavy, (in some parishes 40s. per head, and in whole districts averaging near 30s. per head on the population,) every species of trickery is developed...
Страница 6 - It is sufficient for the present purpose to point out, that subsequently to 1795 the English Poor Law respecting able-bodied persons appears to have included all the main defects which it is desirable to avoid in a Poor Law for that class. There was a vicious organization of the body which was to distribute relief; the relief was...
Страница 25 - Cause of inadvance of civilization is constantly urging new improvements for the welfare and health of the population — police, drainage, better roads, education, and the like. We provide them all at the sole expense of Real Property, by levying fresh Rates. One sort of property has to pay for the improvement of every sort of property and the increased comfort of the whole nation.
Страница 6 - Bay the abuses of the old Poor Law had arrived at such a pitch that it was threatened with immediate ruin. One farm of 1,000 acres would have been thrown out of cultivation in another year; the neighbouring farmers were in an equally bad state ; and in fact all rent, employment, and wages were on the point of annihilation, when the new Poor Law passed just in time to avert the consummation of the evil.
Страница 21 - But there is no clashing of areas or taxation. Each forms part of a harmonious whole. The Departmental Council fixes the Departmental Taxes, which are divided between the Arrondissements, and by them subdivided among the Communes. The Arrondissement settles any district taxation and partitions it between the Communes. The Commune votes its own taxes for municipal objects, and collects them with the communal share of the departmental and arrondissement taxation. In England the old Anglo-Saxon Local...
Страница 6 - ... English Poor Law respecting able-bodied persons appears to have included all the main defects which it is desirable to avoid in a Poor Law for that class. There was a vicious organization of the body which was to distribute relief ; the relief was distributed on a vicious principle ; and the organization of the power of control was likewise vicious. It required, perhaps, the combination of all these defects to produce the mass of abuses which afterwards came into existence.
Страница 3 - ... instead of leaving things to take their natural course, the Government and the country concurred in a very mistaken policy, that of supplementing wages out of Rates. An Act called " Gilbert's Act " was passed in 1782, authorising the adoption of outdoor relief, which was extended by later Acts in 1795 and 1815. In consequence of this system and the immense rise during the American and French wars in the prices of corn and all the necessaries of life — corn going to 70s., 80s., 90s., and even...
Страница 18 - ... and told us what is the taxation on personal property and incomes, for comparison with that on real property. But here he follows the well-known example of witnesses who give unwilling testimony. They commonly use in different forms one formula — that of non mi rccordo. Mr. Goschen's form is, " I cannot calculate." 'When we come to an account likely to work out to the advantage of the ratepayers we find that he says, " I cannot calculate it," and gets out of the difficulty by leaving it out...
Страница 17 - ... into equally important errors. In one set of tables he includes railways, canals, and similar property under the head of Real Property, and computes its Local Taxes. In another set of tables he excludes railways, canals, and similar property, from the head of Real Property, and computes its Imperial Taxes.