OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA, AND OF THE WEST, AND OF WESTERN EXPEDITIONS AND CAMPAIGNS, FROM MDCCLIV TO MDCCCXXXIII. BY A GENTLEMAN OF THE BAR. Israe! Daniel Runw WITH AN APPENDIX, CONTAINING BESIDES COPIOUS EXTRACTS FROM IMPORTANT INDIAN TREATIES, MINUTES ILLUSTRATED BY SEVERAL DRAWINGS. Checked May 1913 PITTSBURG. PUBLISHED BY A. P. INGRAM, FOR SUBSCRIBERS ONLY. HARRISBURG: PUBLISHED BY W. O. HICKOK. 1848. 1 THE NEW YORK 538069 ASTOR, LENOX AND ENTERED according to Act of Congress, in the year 1846, by In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. PUBLISHER'S NOTICE. The Publisher, in issuing the following Work, takes this occasion to state, that the materials were collected and placed in the hands of a gentleman of the Legal Profession, early in the Spring. Owing to the ill health of that gentleman, and the pressing engagements incident to his profession, he found it impossible to write the work; and the Publisher, late in the Summer was obliged to make other arrangements. He was, however, fortunate in obtaining the services of a gentleman of the Harrisburg Bar, whose literary acquirements, undoubted capacity, and great industry, has enabled him to issue the work without a moments delay on his part, and in a manner which will be found to be highly satisfactory. It is confidently believed, that it will be found to be the most perfect, full and ably written "Early History of Western Pennsylvania, of the West, and Western Expeditons," that has yet been published; and that the publisher's promise to his subscribers has been more than fulfilled. When the Proposals were issued, it was contemplated to publish it in duodecimo form, in seven hundred and fifty pages; but at the suggestion of the gentleman who collected the materials, it has been enlarged to an octavo form, and seven hundred and sixtyeight pages; thus increasing the reading matter, more than one-third, without any additional charge to the subscribers. Besides, by a reference to the pages, and the following extract from the ProSALS, it will be seen that the Work is much more full than was originally intended. "The work now in progress, the result of much research, offered for public patronage, will, as its title imports, embrace the curly History of the first visits of Europeans to the Mississippi Valley, and to the West of Pennsylvania, all the principal Early Settlements on the Ohio, and its severel tributaries; a detailed account of the causes that led to the French War, and the Indian Wars; the formation and progress of the Ohio Land Company, 1748; Conrad Weiser's L mission to Logstown, 1748; Croghan's missions, 1750 and '51; Colonel Fry's treaty with the Indians at the same place, 1752; George Washington's mission to the French commandant at Le Bœuf, 1753; the erecting of a Fort, at or near the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela; its surrender to the French; the erection of Fort Du Quesne; George Washington's Expedition; capitulation of Fort Necessity, in 1754; General Braddock's arrival, progress of his march, defeat, &c., 1755; Colonel John Armstrong's Expedition to Kittanning, and signal defeat of the Indians there, 1756; General John Forbes' Expedition, Grant's defeat, evacuation of Fort Du Quesne by the French, 1758; the erection of Fort Pitt, by General Stanwix, 1759; Colonel H. Bouquet's Expedition, engagement with, and defeat of the Indians at Bushy run, 1763; Bouquet's Expedition into the Northwestern Territory, now Ohio, to Tuscarawas, Muskingum, &c., 1764; Lord Dunmore's war, 1774; Harmar's Expedition, 1790; St. Clair's Expedition and defeat, 1791; Wayne's Expedition and treaty with the Indians, 1793, '95; battle of Tippecanoe, 1811; Mississinewa Expedition, 1812; siege of Fort Meigs, &c., 1812; Border war in the West, and capture of Blach Hawk, 1833. THE APPENDIX will contain copious extracts from Weiser's, Croghan's, Washington's, and other Provincial Agent's Journals, Treaties, Conferences; the correspondence between General Braddock and Governor Morris, and others; many important historical facts and thrilling incidents, that could not be noticed in the body of the work without too great digression from a Historical Narrative." Pittsburg, October, 1846. DANIEL W. KAUFFMAN, Publisher. YRARELI TABLE OF CONTENTS. Christopher Columbus, p. 17; Discovery and early settlement of the Country, 18; Colonies of North and South Virginia, 20; Maryland, 21; New York, 21; New Jersey, 24; Pennsylvania and Penn, 25; French Settlements of Quebec, 27; Discoveries and Settlers on the Western Waters, 28; Notices of Indian tribes and difficulties, 30; Washington appointed Colonel, 39; Arrival of First or early settlements west of the Alleghenies, 40; On the head waters Washington's Mission to Fort Le Bœuf, 62; Erection of a Fort at the junc- tion of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, 65; Arrival of the French from Fort Venango, 65; Summons by the French to surrender, 66; Surrender of the Fort by Ensign Ward, 66; Washington's Letters, 66; Notice of Half- Washington's Expedition on the Monongahela, 73; The surprise and cap- ture of the French detachment under Jumonville, 74; His Death, 74; Erection of Fort Necessity, 75; Battle of the Great Meadows, and surrender of the Fort, 75; Vote of thanks to Washington and the Army, by the Assembly of Virgi- nia, 87; The erection of Fort Cumberland, 89: Measures to raise additional |