coloured flowers. The latter variety has been introduced into gardens not unworthily.-The herb was, in former times, esteemed for its vulnerary virtues :

"The Yarrow wherewithall he stops the wound-made gore,"

sings Drayton; and it is esteemed yet by our herbalists, who gather it in considerable quantities. They give it, however, only in ill-defined stomach complaints.

301. CHRYSANTHEMUM LEUCANTHEMUM. Big Daisy: Or-eye: Or-eye Daisy. Dry pastures and way-sides, common; and especially abundant in limestone pastures, which are often white in summer with its large showy flowers. It is also common, in corn-fields, in the heart of the Lammermuirs, where they call it the HorseGowan. June-Aug.

302. C. SEGETUM. Corn Marygold: Yellow Goulan. In cornfields in a few scattered localities. B. In fields below Lamberton near the Coalery; on Fairneyside farm; and near Gunsgreen house. I have seen it in fields near St. Abb's-head; and Mr. Henderson finds it abundant among the corn in some of the fields at Greenhead in the parish of Coldingham. In fields about Craigswalls, parish of Edrom, G. Henderson. At Fireburn mill near Coldstream, R. Embleton. In the vicinity of Gordon, on reclaimed moorish soil, abundant, Dr. F. Douglas.-This weed, "of glorious feature," was once so abundant, that statutes were made, by the Scottish parliament, to ensure its eradication; and to preserve itself it has now no place of refuge but the garden. June-Aug.

303. PYRETHRUM PARTHENIUM= Matricaria parthenium. Feberfew: Feather-fooly or Feather-full, a corrupt spelling of "feuille," viz. the plant with a feather-like leaf.-Waste grounds about all our old villages and homesteads. Abundant and luxuriant in Horncliff dene. July. It is used as a remedy for the "Felon" of cows. The following was an old Berwickshire cow-doctor's favourite prescription : "Gie the cow a handful of Feather-fully, a handful of rue, a handful of peppermint, and half a bottle o' wine, and be gude till her." J. Hardy.

We had taken an early tea with some friends in the cool parlour of their summer lodgings in Horncliffe. The day had been very warm, and the village lay almost smoking amid its styes and manured curtains, dull and dirty as the large-dugged sow that lies there in the sun, breathing forth a genial air, and almost grunting pleasure when, with a lazy effort, she wrinkles her sides, and shakes her dewlapt ears, to drive off the crowd of bloated blue-bottle flies that, thus disturbed, buzz their short circuit and again settle in the filth. The sun, then, had advanced somewhat to the west, but the warmth had scarcely abated, when we merrily left the village, nor had well passed from its precincts, until we had gained the river's bank, and were halted per

force to scan the landscape before us. A rudely built cottage is behind, at our feet a precipitous bank, half cultivated, half o'ergrown with coarse weeds, that touches the water and compels it to make one other bend and a tardier course. Beyond-an alluvial and richly cultivated haugh lies spread out, bounded to the left by a sweep of the

But

river and a green-swarded bank,-while on the right a wooded ravine opens on the view, where some willows wave their silvery foliage; and a secluded cemetery near at hand tells its tale with effect. the Silver Tweed, which has here reached its full breadth and depth, is still the principal feature, and the pleased eye follows up its sinuous track, easy and graceful and unconstrained as the serpent's glide. It leads us on to alternating banks and holms,-to woods and fructuous plains, to the ruined keep of Norham Castle,-to the opposed and humble spire of Ladykirk, which yet records the gratitude of James IV. for his delivery from drowning when, by night, he crossed the river on his return from the company of the fair ladies Heron of Ford. In the far distance a varied scenery relieves, for a time, the eye satiated with nearer beauty,-in the centre the peaked hills of Eildon and castellated ruins, to the right the tripled range of the Cheviot hills, and on the left the less elevated and rounded chain of the Lammermuirs enclose the wide amphitheatre. You must add life to the landscape: -the fisherman and his boat, the uncoated ploughman, the row of bondagers on the haugh with the light rattle of their hoes, the picked hay, the flocks of sheep and kine, the corn ripening to the harvest, the swallows that flit so numerous along the bank and over the calm reflective water, the loud whistle of the blackbird from the dean, the song and the thousand chirrups of the sparrow and sweeter birds!

But we tarry-let us walk on, single-filed, led by the footpath which runs along th uneven top of the bank, and protected by an unclipped and high hedge from the eastern breeze that begins to blow, and has a chill in it even at this season of the year. We gain the deep gully to the left, and, without descending, we turn up the ravine, which is sylvan and would be fine where deans are few, but has no peculiar attraction in our district. Planted on the further and least declivous side, it is overgrown with whins, sloethorn, briers and roses, broom, coarse grasses, thistles and ragworts, and all their concomitant weeds and flowers on this side, while a little burn, with scarce audible noise, runs lippering in the bottom. Amidst undefined rural sounds, not sufficient to interrupt the talk of a friendly party, we stroll onwards leisurely; and there is every indication in the lessening depth of the dean, and its greater width beneath, now almost a meadow, that we shall soon emerge upon the level country. And now the stile has been got over, not without some laughter-provoking awkwardness, and we descend along a rough cart-road that, in a minute or two, introduces us to the secluded beauty. It is really pretty and picturesque, and though often seen, never seen without new pleasures, for its aspect varies with the season, and with the day, and with the hour. It is a spot-a mere vignette-which sketchers love to transfer to their albums, and this is easier than to portray it in words. I stand at the ruined huts with their walls and thatch dotted with moss, groundsel and lichens grey, and shaded by three or four tall umbrageous elms rejoicing in the freedom of nature, while near them some gooseberry and currant bushes struggle to prolong a sickly existence within a slight remnant of fence that once guarded the little garden. On one side the high bank above is rough and rude, and rendered effective by a perpendicular wall of naked sandstone rock left by the workings of a deserted quarry ;—on the other side the bank is also steep, but first green and grassy, fit for primroses and violets in spring, while a little further on they are covered with sloe and brushwood from which some planted trees rise up, and the underground is occupied to choking with arching roses, honeysuckle, ivy, and a myriad of flowers of every class and hue. And gradually, as in perspective, do these contrasted banks draw to each other, and narrow a space, partly occupied by an irregularly built mill in perfect keeping with the site, and partly with a ledge of dark rock covered with dripping feathery moss,—and this dyke and mill terminates the dean and closes in the view. The cottages and their trees is one picture, the mill is another with its curious vane, its outside stair, its loop-holes and half closed doors, its uneven roof and piebald roofing tufted with gay weeds and mosses. And a little runlet sometimes tumbles over the ledge in rivalry of a waterfall, but just now it trickles fast and showery through the pendent moss into a shallow pool, whence it merrily trots forward, now open to the thirsty sun, now peeping under the span of a single-stoned bridge, now sheltered amidst tall grasses, eupatoria, mints and other semi-aquatic plants, and now again enlivening the green sward of the meadow on which a few cows are pasturing alone;

is cleared away. Pursh records a similar fact concerning a North American species, S. hieracifolius. See "British America" in Edin. Cab. Library. J. Hardy.

317. S. TENUIFOLIUS= S. erucifolius. Edin. New Phil. Journ. Oct. 1827, p. 194.-Rare. B. Sides of the road halfway between Swinton and Swinton-mill, Rev. A. Baird. Road-side south of Orangelane; and near Sunnyside and Grizzle-rig in the parish of Eccles, Dr. R. D. Thomson. In the lane between Edrington and Cocklaw; and on the Raven-knowes, Dr. R. Dunlop. July.

Mr. Baird brought specimens from the first-named locality the day after he had picked them, and I well remember the pleasure he felt when we ascertained that the plant was new to the Scottish Flora. In those young days of ours such a discovery was a thing to boast of; and the student will never be a botanist who would lightlie it. Long years have passed away; but it is not long since, when riding along the broad lane, I saw the plant enduring there as fresh and vigorous as at first,-and so it will continue for generations to follow. Mark the contrast! The preacher who loved to point the tale of human transitoriness with the flower's short and evanescent life-and yet truly so everduring, has himself gone down to the grave: nor to come back again,-for it, unconscious, giveth no answer to the influence nor of the rain of spring, nor of summer's heat.

The Rev. Andrew Baird was the second son of the Rev. James Baird of Swinton in Berwickshire. He was born at Eccles in the same county, and received his preliminary education at the Grammarschool in Kelso. On the death of his father, the family became settled in Edinburgh, where Mr. B. pursued and completed the course of study prescribed for those who enter into the Church of Scotland. While at the University, Mr. B. paid much more than the usual attention of students to Natural History, and was amongst the most distinguished of Professor Jameson's pupils. He was one of the founders of the "Plinian Society," which had considerable influence in making Natural History more popular with the students than it had previously been. He was also one of the original members of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, and took an active part in its proceedings, until his mind and time became almost entirely occupied with the duties of the parish of Cockburnspath, of which he was the minister; and with the discussions that led to the severance of a large proportion of its clergymen from the Establishment. He was amongst those who deemed it to be their duty to secede; and, joining the "Free Church," he laboured zealously amongst the flock that followed him, and loved him, until his too early death. He died at Oldhamstocks, on the morning of Sabbath, June 22, 1845. His health, which for several months had been in a declining state, seriously gave way about three weeks before his death, which came, however, rather suddenly and unexpected.

Mr. Baird was a man of retiring and unobtrusive habits, fond of society, and yet rather forming a part of the company than amalgamating with it. He took great delight in natural scenery, and was hence familiar with every grand and picturesque object and view in

his parish and native county; and he drew, with admirable skill, the scenes he loved so well. He was an able and eloquent preacher. Professional avocations checked the progress he had early made in Natural History, but he advocated and loved the science to the end; and his latest effort was the delivery of some Lectures on its advantages as a study, in the Mechanics' Institute at Dunbar. He contributed much to the geology and botany of our district; but he was more an acute and accurate observer than an author, and published nothing with his name excepting the history of the parish of Cockburnspath, in the new Statistical Account of Scotland.

A monument to his memory has been erected in the churchyard of Cockburnspath by his congregation; and upon the central column the following inscriptions are engraved :

"To the memory of the Rev. Andrew Baird. Born 16th November, 1800. Ordained 28th April, 1831, assistant and successor to the Rev. Andrew Spence in the parish of Cockburnspath. Died at Old Hamstocks, 22nd June, 1845, Minister of the Free Church of Cockburnspath and Old Hamstocks."

"Mr. Baird was a man of the most amiable disposition, of a refined taste, and of no ordinary scientific acquirements; faithful to his Divine Master, beloved by his flock, stedfast in his adherence to the principles of the Free Church of Scotland amidst many peculiar hardships, which he bore with meekness and unshaken constancy, until his death.”

318. S. JACOBÆA. Ragwort: Yellow-weed: Yellow Ellshinders, and in the Merse, Fiz-gigs.-A common weed in old pastures and by road-sides. July, Aug.-Some individuals have all the rays of the flowers involute, or with their margins rolled inwards, giving a peculiar aspect to the plant; and others have no ligulate florets. Both these varieties I have found in our Maudlin fields. There is another variety with the leaves much more cut and divided than usual, so that they obtain something of the appearance of the curly-leaved parsley. This is not rare.

319. S. AQUATICUS. Boggy ground in old pastures, more especially at the sides of ponds on muirs. July, August.

320. CARLINA VULGARIS. Uncommon, and confined apparently to the neighbourhood of the sea. B. Banks below Lamberton Shiels; and thence northwards to beyond Burnmouth. Near Ernesheugh camp, A. A. Carr.-D. Holy Island, Dr. Neill. Links at Bamburgh Castle, Dr. F. Douglas. June, July." Sicca persistit, postquam periit matura, etiam toto altero anno, triste spectaculum.". Linnæus.

321. CENTAUREA NIGRA. Hard-Heads: Tassels: Horse'sKnops. Very common in old pastures, on grassy banks, and by road-sides. The variety in which all the florets are radiant and larger than usual (Raii Syn. 199), and which is really a not unhandsome plant, was found frequently, in this immediate neighbourhood, in the summer of 1850. July, Aug.-The style is clothed with short