† Schrebe is preferred for the class and order of the Passion Flower. See Rees' Cyclopedia. Linnæus makes it Gynandria. Pentandria. Modern botanists, Monadelphia. Pentandria, according to Cavanilles and Wildenow Lilia. Magnolia. Campanulaceæ. Vitices et Verbenaceæ. DEDICATION OF FLOWERS. THE Roman Catholic Monks, or the observers of Roman Catholic rules, have compiled a catalogue of Flowers, for each day in the year, and dedicated each flower to a particular Saint, on account of its flowering about the time of the Saint's festival. Such appropriations form a Floral Directory, which has been abstracted from Hone's Every Day Book, printed in London in the year 1826. FLORAL DIRECTORY. January the 6th, is called twelfth day, (by the French, Le jour des Rois,) because it falls on the twelfth day after Christmas. There is a difference of opinion as to the origin of Twelfth Day, yet all concur in the same end; that is, to do honour to the Eastern Magi. Brand tells us, "that the practice of choosing a king on twelfth day, is similar to a custom that existed among the ancient Greeks and Romans, who on the festival days of Saturn, about this season of the year, drew lots for kingdoms, and like kings, exercised their temporary authority." Mr. Fosbroke affirms that "the king of Saturnalia was elected by beans, and from thence came our king and queen, on this day." In France the Twelfthcake is plain, with a bean; the drawer of the slice containing the bean, is King or Queen. All drink to her, or his Majesty, who reigns, and receives homage from all during the evening. "They come! they come! each blue-eyed sport, Music, with her merry fiddles, Joy, on light fantastic toe,' Wit, with all his jests and riddles, Singing and dancing as they go." 7. Laurel, Portugal, Prunus lusitanica, St. Kenti 13. Yew Tree, common Taxus baccata, St. Veronica. A nun of Milan, A. D. 1497. 14. Strawberry, barren, Fragaria sterilis, St. Hilary, A. D. 368. 15. Ivy, Hedera helix, St. Paul-the first Hermit. 16. Nettle, common red Dead, N. Lamium purpureum, St. Marcellus. Pope. 17. Anemone, garden, Anemone hortensis, St. Anthony. Patriarch of Monks, A. D. 251. 18. Moss, four-toothed, Bryum pellucidum, St. Prisca. A Roman Martyr. 19. Nettle, white Dead, Lamium album, St. Martha. A Roman Martyr, A. D. 270. 20. Nettle, woolly Dead, Lamium garganicum, St. Fabian. Pope. 21. Hellebore, black, Helleborus niger, St. Agnes. A special Patroness of purity. Beheaded at the age of 13, A. D. 304. 22. Grass, early whitlow, Draba verna, St. Vincent. A Spanish Martyr. 23. Peziza, Peziza acetabulum, St. Raymond, of Pennafort, A. D. 1275. 24. Moss, stalkless, Phascum muticum, St. Timothy. Disciple of St. Paul, A. D. 250. 25. Hellebore, winter, Helleborus hyemalis. The conversion of St. Paul. On this day, (25th Jan.) prognostications of the months were drawn for the whole year. If fair, and clear, there was to be plenty; if cloudy, or misty, much cattle would die; if rain, or snow fell, then it presaged a death; and if windy, there would be wars. If Saint Paul's Day be fair and clear, But if it chance to snow or rain, Willsford's Nature's Secrets. St. Paul's Day, is the first festival of an Apostle, in the year. According to Dr. Foster, it is the festival of the conversion of St. Paul. 26. Butter-bur, white, Tussilago alba, or Colt's foot. St. Polycarp. 27. Moss, earth, Phascum cuspidatum, St. Chrysostum. 28. Daisy, double, Bellis perennis plenus, St. Margaret of Hungary, A. D. 1271. 29. Fern, flowering, Osmunda regalis, St. Francis of Sales, A. D. 1622. 30. Spleen-wort, Asplenium trichomanes, St. Martina. 31. Hart's tongue, or spleen-wort, Asplenium scolopendrium, St. Marcella, A. D. 410. FEBRUARY. 1. Moss, lesser water, Fontinalis minor, St. Ignatius. And Bay tree, Laurus nobilis, to St. Bridget, Patroness of Ireland. 17. Crocus, Scotch, Crocus susianus, St. Flavian, Archbishop of Constantinople, 449. 18. Speedwell, wall, Veronica vernus arvensis, St. Simeon, Bishop of Jerusalem, A. D. 116. 19. Speedwell, field, Veronica agrestis, St. Barbatus, patron of Benevento, Bishop, A. D. 682. 20. Cynoglossum omphalodes, or C. lusitanicum, St. Mildred, Abbess of Munster. 21. Crocus, white, Crocus albus, St. Servianus, Bishop, A. D. 452. 22. Margaret, herb, Bellis perennis, St. Margaret, of Cortona, 1297. 23. Apricot tree, Prunus armeniaca, St. Milburge, of 2. Snow-drop, Galanthus nivalis, the purification of England. the blessed Virgin Mary. 3. Moss, great water, Fontinalis antipyretica, St. Blase, of Armenia, A. D. 316. 4. Moss, common hair, or Goldilocks, Polytrichum commune, St. Jane, or Queen Joan, A. D. 1505. Bay, Indian, Laurus Indica, St. Margaret, of England. 5. Primrose, common, Primula vulgaris, St. Agatha. A Sicilian Martyr, A. D. 251. Primrose, red, Primula acaulis, St. Adelaide, A. D. 1015. 6. Hyacinth, blue, Hyacinthus orientalis, St. Dorothy, A. D. 308. 7. Cyclamen, round-leafed, Cyclamen coum, St. Romuald, 1027. 24. Fern, great, Osmunda regalis, St. Ethelbert, King of Kent, England. 25. Peach blossom, Amigdalus persica, St. Walburg, Abbess of Swabia, Germany. 26. Periwinkle, lesser, Vinca minor, St. Victor, 7th Century. 27. Lungwort, Pulmonaria officinalis, St. Leander, Bishop, 596. 28. Crocus, purple, Crocus vernus, St. Proterius, Patriarch of Alexandria, A. D. 557. MARCH. 1. Leek, common, Allium porrum, St. David, of Wales, 8. Moss, narrow-leafed, spring, Mnium androgynum, Archbishop, A. D. 544. St. John, of Matha, 1213. 9. Narcissus, Roman, Narcissus Romanus, St. Apollonia, A. D. 249. 10. Mezereon, Daphne Mezereon, St. Scholastica, A. D. 543. Moss, silky fork, Mnium heteromallum, St. Coteris, 4th Century. Wearing the Leek, was customary in the time of Shakspeare. It is noticed in his K. H. V. The Welshman, Fluellen, wears his leek in the battle of Agincourt. 2. Chickweed, dwarf mouse-ear, Cerastium pumilum, St. Chad, or Ceada, Martyr under the Lombards, in the 6th 11. Primrose, red, Primula verna-rubra, St. Theodora, century. Empress, 367. 12. Anemone-noble Liverwort, Anemone hepatica, St. Eulalia, of Barcelona. 13. Polyanthos, Primula Polyanthos, St. Catharine de Ricci, 1589. 14. Crocus, yellow, Crocus mæsiacus, or C. aureus, St. Valentine. St. Valentine, is the lover's saint. He was Priest, of Rome, and married there, about the year A. D. 270. The 14th of February, is the day on which those charming little missives, yclep'd Valentines, cross, and intercross each other, at every street and turning. The weary, and allfor-spent twopenny postman sinks beneath a load of delicate embarrassments, not his own. "Where can the postman be, I say? He ought to fly-on such a day! Its monstrous rude to be so slow: The fellow's so exceeding stupid- 15. Crocus, cloth of gold, Crocus sulphureus, St. Sigi frida, Bishop of Sweden, A. D. 1002. 16. Primrose, lilac, Primula acaulis plena, St. Juliana. 3. Marigold, golden-fig, Mesembryanthemum aureum, St. Cunegundes, Empress, A. D. 1640. 4. Chickweed, common, Alsine media, St. Casimir, Prince of Poland, A. D. 1458. 5. Hellebore, green, Helleborus viridis, St. Adrian, A. D. 309. 6. Lily, lent, Pseudo-narcissus multiplex, St. Colette, Bishop. 7. Daffodil, early, Narcissus simplex, St. Perpetua. She was martyred, under the Emperor Severus, A. D. 203. 8. Rose, ever blowing, Rosa semperflorens, St. Rosa, of Viterbo, A. D. 1261. Jonquil, great, Narcissus lætus, St. Felix, A. D. 646. 9. Daffodil, hoop-petticoat, Narcissus bulbocodium, St. Catharine of Bologna, A. D. 1463. 10. Chickweed, upright, Veronica triphyllos, St. Droctavæus, Abbot, A. D. 580. 11. Heath, cornish, Erica vagans, St. Eulogius, of Cordova, A. D. 851. 12. Ixia, or crocus leaved Mistletoe, Ixia bulbocodium, or Viscum albus bulbus: St. Gregory, the Great, Prætor of Rome, A. D. 574. 13. Heart's Ease, Viola tricolor, St. Euphrasia, A. D. 410. 14. Bindweed, mountain, Soldanella alpina, St. Maud, or Matilda, Queen, A. D. 968. 15. Colt's-foot, common, Tussilago farfara, St. Zachery, Pope, A. D. 752. 16. Daffodil, nodding, Narcissus nutans, St. Julian, of Cilicia. 17. Violet, sweet, Viola odorata, St. Gertrude, Abbess, A. D. 626. 17. Shamrock, White Trefoil, or Dutch clover, Trifolium repens, St. Patrick, Apostle of Ireland. 18. Leopard's bane, great, Doronicum pardalianches St. Cyrill, Archbishop of Jerusalem, A. D. 386. 19. Star of Bethlehem, yellow, Ornithogalum luteum, St. Joseph, spouse of the Virgin Mary. 20. Violet, dog's, Viola canina, St. Wulfran, Archbishop of Sens, A. D. 720. 21. Fumitory, bulbous, Fumaria bulbosa, St. Bennet, or Benedict, Abbot, Founder of the order of St. Benedict, of Rome, A. D. 543. 22. Ficaria verna, St. Catharine of Sweden, Abbess, A. D. 1381. 23. Daffodil, peerless, Narcissus incomparabilis, St. Alphonsus Turibius, Archbishop of Lima, A. D. 1606. 24. Saxifrage, golden, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, St. Irenæus, Bishop of Sirmium, A. D. 304. 25. Marigold, Calendula officinalis, Annunciation of the B. V. Mary. 10. Violet, pale, Viola tonbrigens, St. Mechtildes, Abbess-after 1300. 11. Dandelion, Leontodon taraxacum, St. Leo, the Great, Pope, A. D. 461. 12. Saxifrage, great thick-leaved, Saxifragum crassifolium St. Zeno, Bishop, 380. 13. Narcissus, green, Narcissus viridiflorus, St. Hermenigild, Martyr, 586. 14. Borage, common, Borago officinalis, St. Lidwina, A. D. 1184. 15. Stitch-wort, greater, Stellaria holostea, St. Peter Gonzales, 1246. 16. Tulip, yellow, Tulipa sylvestris, St. Joachim, of Sienna, A. D. 1305. 17. Arum, Friar's-cowl, broad-leaved, Arum arisarum, St. Stephen, of Citeaux, Abbot, A. D. 1134. 18. Narcissus, musk, Narcissus Moschato, St. Apollo 26. Henbane, night-shade leaved, Hyoscyamus scopalia, nius, A. D. 186. St. Braulio, Bishop of Saragossa, A. D. 646. 27. Jonquil, sweet, Narcissus odorus, St. John, of Egypt, Hermit, A. D. 394. 28. Leopard's bane, Doronicum Plantagineum, St. Priscus, A. D. 260. 29. Ox-lip, or great cowslip, Primula elatior, St. Eustatius, Abbot, A. D. 625. Fumitory, Fumaria officinalis, St. Jonas, A. D. 327. macus. Daffodil, lesser, Narcissus minor, St. Zozimus, Bishop of Syracuse, A. D. 660. 1054. 19. Garlic, Allium ursinum, St. Leo IX. Pope, A. D. 20. Snow-flake, spring, Leucoium vernum, St. Agnes, of Monte Pulciano, A. D. 1317. 21. Narcissus, cypress, Narcissus orientalis albus, St. Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury. 22. Crow-foot, wood, or goldilocks, Ranunculus auri comus, St. Rufus, of Glendaloch. 23. Harebell, Hyacinthus non scriptus, St. George, the Martyr, Patron of England. 24. Black thorn, Prunus spinosa, St. Fidelis. 25. Tulip, clarimond, Tulipa præcox, St. Mark, the 31. Benjamin tree, Laurus benzoin, St. Benjamin, Dea- Evangelist. con, Martyr, A. D 424. APRIL 1. ALL FOOLS' DAY. The Romans consecrated the first day of April to Venus, the goddess of beauty, queen of laughter, etc. It is customary on this day, to practise jocular deceptions, as various, as the fancies of the gay youngsters, who delight in playing off the humours of the day, upon all ages and ranks, that come their way. 1. Mercury, French annual, Mercurialis annua, St. Hugh, Bishop, A. D. 1132. 2. Violet, white, Viola alba, St. Francis, of Paula, A Calabrian. 3. Alkanet, evergreen, Anchusa sempervirens, St. Agape, A. D. 304. 26. Erysimum, yellow, Erysimum barbarea, St. Richarius, Abbot, A. D. 645. 27. Daffodil, great, Narcissus major, St. Anastasius, Pope, 401. 28. Arum, spotted, Arum maculatum, Sts. Didymus and Theodora, A. D. 304. 29. Herb Robert, Geranium robertianum, St. Robert, Abbot of Molesme, A. D. 1110. 30. Cowslip, Primula veris, St. Catharine, of Sienna, A. D. 1380. MAY 1. "May day is chiefly spent in dancing round a tall pole, which is consecrated to the Goddess of Flowers-without the least violation to be offered to it, in the whole circle of the year." 3. Narcissus, poetic, Narcissus poeticus, the discovery Petronilla, century 1st. of the cross, A. D. 326. 4. Gilly flower, stock, Cheiranthus incanus, St. Moni. cla, mother of St. Augustine. 5. Apple-tree, Pyrus malus, Sts. Angelus, and Pius V. Pope, A. D. 1572. 6. Globe flower, bright yellow, Trollius Europæus, St. John Damascen, A. D. 780. 7. Globe flower Asiatic, bright orange, Trollius Asiaticus, St. John, of Beverly, England. 8. Lily of the Valley, Convalaria majalis, St. Selena. 9. Lily of the Valley, Convalaria multiflora, St. Gregory, of Nazianzen, A. D. 389 or 391. 10. Peony, slender-leafed, Pæonia tenuifolia, St. Comgal, Irish Abbot, A. D. 601. 11. Asphodel, Lancashire, Asphodelus luteus, St. Mammertus, Archbishop of Vienna, A. D. 477. 12. Iris, German, Iris Germanica, St. Germanus, Patriarch of Constantinople, A. D. 733. 13. Comfrey, common, Symphytum officinalis, St. John, the silent, Bishop, A. D. 558. 14. Peony, common, Pæonia officinalis, and Peony, coralline, P. corollina, St. Pontius, A. D. 258. 167. JUNE. 1. Rose, yellow, Rosa lutea, St. Justin, Martyr, A. D. 2. Pimpernel, common scarlet, Anagallis arvensis, St. Erasmus, 303. 3. Rose de meaux, Rosa provincialis, St. Cecilius, A. D. 211. 4. Pink, Indian, Dianthus chinensis, St. Quirinus, Bishop, A. D. 304. 5. Rose, three-leafed China, Rosa sinica, St. Boniface, First Missionary from England to Friesland. Afterwards Archbishop of Mentz, and Primate of Germany and Belgium, century 8th. 6. Pink, common, Dianthus deltoides, St. Norbert, A. D. 1134. 7. Centaury, red, Chironia centaureum, St. Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, A. D. 350. 8. Money-wort, Herb Two pence, or creeping Loosestrife, Lysimachia numularia, St. Medard, Bishop, 6th Century. 9. Barberry, Pipperidge bush of England, Berberis vul 15. Poppy, Welsh, Papaver cambricum, St. Dympna, garis, St. Columba, A. D. 597. 7th Century. 16. Star of Bethlehem, great, Ornithogalum umbellatum, St. John Nepomucen, A. D. 1383. 17. Poppy, early red, long rough-headed P. Papaver ar gemone, St. Paschal, Babylon, A. D. 1592. 10. Iris, bright yellow, Iris pseudo-acorus, St. Margaret, Queen of Scotland, A. D. 1093. 11. Daisy, midsummer, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, St. Barnabas, Apostle, century 1st. 12. Rose, white dog, Rosa arvensis, St. John, Hermit, 18. Mouse ear, or Hawk-weed, Hieracium pilosella, A. D. 1479. St. Eric, King of Sweden, 1151. 13. Ranunculus, garden, Ranunculus Asiaticus, St. 19. Monk's hoof, Aconitum napellus, St. Dunstan, Anthony of Padua, 1231. Archbishop of Canterbury, A. D. 988. 14. Basil, sweet, Ocimum basilicum, St. Basil, Arch |