crossed the King's Ditch by a bridge, to the north. of which was Trumpington Gate, perhaps a fortified structure, as the other gates of the town may also have been. Outside this gate, at the commencement of a straggling suburb, stood the Church of St. Peter, in the midst of an extensive graveyard. Beyond it was the House of the Brethren of the Penance, or Penitence, of Jesus Christ, otherwise called "Friars of the Sack;" opposite to which, on the other side of the street, was that of the White Canons of Sempringham. Had the eyes of our imaginary spectator followed the line of the boundary ditch, which must have been well marked by the broad band of unoccupied grounda sort of boulevard-that extended along it, he would have seen the then newly-built House of the Augustinian Friars, with the extensive garden ground behind it, which became the Botanic Garden in the last century. Further to the east again, on the left of the Roman Way, was the House of the Dominicans, or Black Friars, after whom that portion of the street was afterwards called "Preachers' Street." At that time the House was probably unfinished, but in later days it became an extensive pile of buildings, with a lofty church. The outline of the nave may still be traced within Emmanuel College, whose founder, Sir Walter Mildmay, in contempt of the old religion,

boasted that he had turned the Friars' church into a dining-hall, and their refectory into a chapel. Between this and the Round Church was the Franciscan House, which even then was probably extensive, but which afterwards possessed a spacious church, which Ascham described as an ornament to the University, and of which the foundations in Fuller's time could still be traced within the precincts of Sidney Sussex College. At the Reformation the University tried to obtain a grant of it, but without success. The solid walls were gradually destroyed to build other structures, as the items, "stone from the Grey Friars," in the accounts of more than one college, conclusively show. These monastic buildings, except the Dominican Friary, stood close to the outskirts of the little town, but still within the precincts. Beyond them were spacious commons, Cow Fen or Coe Fen, on the west; then Saint Thomas' Leas; and lastly, the Green-croft, which extended almost from the Great Bridge to the neighbouring village of Barnwell. In the midst of it, walled about, and overshadowed by trees, stood the Benedictine nunnery of St. Rhadegund, afterwards Jesus College; while Barnwell would be rendered conspicuous by the great Priory Church of St. Giles.

Let us return for a moment to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, of which we illustrate the

exterior and the interior. It is reputed to be the oldest of the English round churches, and to have been consecrated in 1101, though its origin and history are alike unknown. It consists of two distinct portions: the ancient round church, and the modern chancel and aisles. This latter portion was rebuilt in 1844, when the church-then in a dilapidated and almost ruinous condition—was saved from destruction by the ill-fated Cambridge Camden Society. The late Decorated style was selected by the architect, Mr. Salvin, because there appeared to be evidence that the building which it replaced had been originally constructed during that period. It once contained the famous stone altar, to eject which a decree of the Court of Arches was found necessary. The details of that bitter controversy which, for the time, divided the University into two hostile camps, are not worth reviving. The Society became the object of virulent, and most unjust, attacks, and after the secession of the Bishops and most of the principal University dignitaries, headed by the Chancellor, it was removed to London, where it flourished for many years under a new name.

The round portion, which, with the addition of, perhaps, a small apsidal chancel, was the entire original structure, is forty-one feet in diameter. It is composed of a central area, nineteen feet in