Thefe are the chief ingredients, if not all:
Take an eftate neither too great or small,
Which quantum fufficit the doctors call:
Let this eftate from parents' care defcend;
The getting it too much of life does spend :
Take fuch a ground, whofe gratitude may be
A fair encouragement for industry.
Let conftant fires the winter's fury tame;
And let thy kitchen's be a veftal flame.
Thee to the town let never fuit at law,
And rarely, very rarely, bufinefs, draw.
Thy active mind in equal temper keep,-
In undisturbed peace, yet not in fleep.
Let exercife a vigorous health maintain,
Without which all the compofition's vain.
In the fame weight prudence and innocence take,
Ana of each does the juft mixture make.
But a few friendships wear, and let them be
By nature and by fortune fit for thee.
Inftead of art and luxury in food,

Let mirth and freedom make thy table good.
If any cares into thy day-time creep,
At night, without wine's opium, let them fleep.
Let reit, which nature docs to darkness wed,
And not luft, recommend to thee thy bed.
Be fatisfied and pleas'd with what thou art,
A& cheerfully and well th' allotted part;
Enjoy the prefent hour, be thankful for the past,
And neither fear, nor wish, th' approaches of the laft.

MARTIAL, LIB. X. EPIGR. xcvi.

"Sape loquar nimiùm gentes," &c.

ME, who have liv'd fo long among the great,

You wonder to hear talk of a retreat:

And a retreat fo diftant, as may fhow

No thoughts of a return, when once I go.

Give me a country, how remote foe'er,
Where happinefs a moderate rate does bear,
Where poverty itfelf in plenty flows,
And all the folid ufe of riches knows.

The ground about the house maintains it, there;
The houfe maintains the ground about it, here;
Here even hunger's dear; and a full board

Devours the vital substance of the lord.
The land itfelf does there the feaft beltow,
The land itfelf muft here to market go.
Three or four fuits one winter here does wafte,
One fuit does there three or four winters laft.

Here every frugal man must oft be cold,
And little luke-warm fires are to you fold.
There fire's an element, as cheap and free,
Almoft, as any of the other three.

TH

THE COLLEGE.

HAT the philofophical college be fituated within one, two, or (at farthest) three miles of London; and if it be poffible to find that convenience, upon the fide of the river, or very near it.

See a tranflation of this Epitaph among the poems of Mr. Addison.

+ Ingenious men delight in dreams of reformation.-In comparing this Propofition of Cowley, with that of Milton, addreffed to Mr Hartlib, we find that these great poets had amufed themfelves with fome exalted, and, in the main, congenial fancies, on the fubject of education: that, of the twe plans propofed, this of Mr. Cowley was better digested, and is the lefs fanciful; if a preference in this refpect can be given to either, when both are manifeftly Utopian: and that our univerfities, in their prefent form, are well enough calculated to anfwer all the reasonable ends of fuch inftitutions; pro vided we allow for the unavoidable defects of them, when drawn out into practice. HURD.

That the revenue of this college amount to four thousand pounds a year.
That the company received into it be as follows:

1. Twenty philofophers or profeffors. 2. Sixteen young scholars, fervants to the profeffors. 3. A chaplain. 4. A bailiff for the revenue. 5. A manciple or purveyor for the provifions of the houfe. 6. Two gardeners. 7. A mafter-cook. 8. An under-cook. 9. A butler. 10. An under-butler. 11. A furgeon. 12. Two lungs, or chemical fervants. 13. A library-keeper who is likewife to be apothecary, druggift, and keeper of inftruments, engines, &c. 14. An officer to feed and take care of all beafts, fowl, &c. kept by the college. 15. A groom of the flable. 16. A meffenger, to fend up and down for all ufes of the college. 17. Four old women, to tend the chambers, to keep the house clean, and fuch-like fervices.

That the annual allowance for this company be as follows: 1. To every profeffor, and to the chaplain, one hundred and twenty pounds. 2. To the fixteen scholars, twenty pounds apiece; ten pounds for their diet, and ten pounds for their entertainment. 3. To the bailiff, thirty pounds, befides allowance for his journies. 4. To the purveyor, or manciple, thirty pounds. 5. To each of the gardeners, twenty pounds. 6. To the mafter-cook, twenty pounds. 7. To the under-cook, four pounds. 8. To the butler, ten pounds. 9. To the under-butler, four pounds. 10. To the furgeon, thirty pounds. 11. To the library-keeper, thirty pounds. 12. To each of the lungs, twelve pounds. 13. To the keeper of the beafts, fix pounds. 14. To the groom, five pounds. 15. To the meffenger, twelve pounds. 16. To the four neceffary women, ten pounds. For the manciples' table, at which all the fervants of the house are to eat, except the scholars, one hundred and fixty pounds. For three horses for the service of the college, thirty pounds.

All which amounts to three thousand two hundred eighty-five pounds. So that there remains for keeping of the houfe and gardens, and operatories, and inftruments, and animals, and experiments of all forts, and all other expences, feven hundred and fifteen pounds.

:

Which were a very inconfiderable fum for the great ufes to which it is defigned, but that I conceive the induftry of the college will in a fhort time fo enrich itself, as to get a far better flock for the advance and enlargement of the work when it is once begun neither is the continuance of particular men's liberality to be despaired of, when it shall be encouraged by the fight of that public benefit which will accrue to all mankind, and chiefly to our nation, by this foundation. Something like wife will arise from leafes and other cafualties; that nothing of which may be diverted to the private gain of the profeffors, or any other ufe belides that of the search of nature, and by it the general good of the world; and that care may be taken for the certain performance of all things ordained by the inftitution, as likewife for the protection and encouragement of the company, it is proposed:

That fome perfon of eminent quality, a lover of folid learning, and no ftranger in it, be chofen chancellor or prefident of the college; and that eight governors more, men qualified in the like manner, be joined with him, two of which fhall yearly be appointed vifitors of the college, and receive an exact account of all expences, even to the smallest, and of the true eftate of their public treasure, under the hands and oaths of the profeffors refident.

That the choice of profeffors in any vacancy belong to the chancellor and the governors; but that the profeffors (who are likelieft to know what men of the nation are most proper for the duties of their fociety) direct their choice, by recommending two or three perfons to them at every election: and that, if any learned perfon within his majefty's dominions difcover, or eminently improve, any useful kind of knowledge, he may upon that ground, for his reward and the encouragement of others, be preferred, if he pretend to the place, before any body else.

.

That the governors have power to turn out any profeffor, who fhall be proved to be either fcandalous or unprofitable to the fociety.

That the college be built after this, or fome fuch manner: That it confift of three fair quadrangular courts, and three large grounds, inclosed with good walls behind them. That the first court be built with a fair cloister; and the profeffors' lodgings, or rather little houses, four on each fide, at fome distance from one another, and with little gardens behind them, juft after the manner of the Chartreux beyond fea. That the infide of the cloifter be lined with a gravel-walk, and that walk with a row of trees; and that in the middle there be a parterre of flowers and a fountain.

That the fecond quadrangle, just behind the first, be fo contrived, as to contain these parts: 1. A chapel. 2. A hall, with two long tables on each fide, for the scholars and officers of the house to eat at, and with a pulpit and forms at the end for the public lectures. 3. A large and pleafant dining-room within the hall, for the profeffors to eat in, and to hold their affemblies and conferences. 4. A public school-house. 5. A library. 6. A gallery to walk in, adorned with the pictures or ftatues of all the inventors of any thing useful to human life; as printing, guns, America, &c. and of late in anatomy, the circulation of the blood, the milky veins, and fuch-like difcoveries in any art, with fhort elogies under the portraitures: as likewife the figures of all forts of creatures, and the fluft fkins of as many ftrange animals as can be gotten. 7. An anatomy-chamber, adorned with fkeletons and anatomical pictures, and prepared with all conveniences for diffection. 8. A chamber for all manner of drugs, and apothecaries' materials. 9. A mathematical chamber, furnished with all forts of mathematical inftruments, being an appendix to the library. 10. Lodgings for the chaplain, furgeon, library-keeper, and purveyor, near the chapel, anatomy-chamber, library, and hall.

That the third court be on one fide of thefe, very large, but meanly built, being deligned only for use, and not for beauty too, as the others. That it contain the kitchen, butteries, brew-houfe, bake-houfe, dairy, lardry, ftables, &c. and efpecially great laboratories for chemical operations, and lodgings for the under-fervants.

That behind the fecond court be placed the garden, containing all forts of plants that our foil will bear; and at the end of a little houfe of pleasure, a lodge for the gardener, and a grove of trees cut out into walks.

That the second inclosed ground be a garden, destined only to the trial of all manner of experiments concerning plants, as their melioration, acceleration, retardation, con fervation, compofition, tranfmutation, coloration, or whatfoever elfe can be produced by art, either for use or curiofity, with a lodge in it for the gardener.

That the third ground be employed in convenient receptacles for all forts of creatures which the profeffors fhall judge neceffary for their more exact fearch into the nature of animals, and the improvement of their uses to us.

That there be likewife built, in fome place of the college where it may serve most for ornament of the whole, a very high tower for obfervation of celestial bodies, adorned with all forts of dials, and fuch-like curiofities; and that there be very deep vaults made under ground, for experiments molt proper to fuch places, which will be undoubtedly very many.

Much might be added, but truly I am afraid this is too much already for the charity or generosity of this age to extend to; and we do not defign this after the model of Solomon's houfe in my Lord Bacon (which is a project for experiments that can never be experimented), but propofe it within fuch bounds, of expence as have often been exceeded by the buildings of private citizens.

OF THE PROFESSORS, SCHOLARS, CHAPLAIN,

AND OTHER OFFICERS.

THAT of the twenty profeffors four be always travelling beyond feas, and fixteen always refident, unlefs by permiffion upon extraordinary occafions; and every one fo abfent, leaving a deputy behind him to fupply his duties.

That the four profeffors itinerant be affigned to the four parts of the world, Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, there to refide three years at least; and to give a conftant account of all things that belong to the learning, and efpecially natural experimental philofophy, of thofe parts.

That the expence of all difpatches, and all books, fimples, animals, ftones, metals, minerals, &c. and all curiofities whatsoever, natural or artificial, fent by them to the college, fhall be defrayed out of the treafury, and an additional allowance (above the 120/.) made to them as foon as the college's revenue fhall be improved,

That, at their going abroad, they fhall take a folemn oath, never to write any thing to the college but what, after very diligent examination, they fhall fully believe to be true, and to confefs and recant it as foon as they find themselves in an error.

That the fixteen profeffors refident fhall be bound to ftudy and teach all forts of natural experimental philofophy, to confift of the mathematics, mechanics, medicine, anatomy, chemistry, the history of animals, plants, minerals, elements, &c.; agriculture, architecture, art military, navigation, gardening; the myfteries of all trades, and improvement of them; the facture of all merc andizes; all natural magic or divination; and briefly all things contained in the catalogue of natural hiftories annexed to my Lord Bacon's Organon.

That once a day, from Eafter till Michaelmas, and twice a week, from Michaelmas to Eafter, at the hours in the afternoon most convenient for auditors from London, according to the time of the year, there fhall be a lecture read in the hall, upon fuch parts of natural experimental philofophy, as the profeffors fhall agree on among themfelves, and as each of them shall be able to perform ufefully and honourably.

That two of the profeffois, by daily, weekly, or monthly turns, fhall teach the public schools, according to the rules hereafter prefcribed.

That all the profeffors fhall be equal in all refpects (except precedency, choice of lodging, and fuch-like privileges, which fhall belong to feniority in the college); and that all fhall be maiters and treaturers by annual turns; which two officers, for the time being, fhall take place of all the reft, and fhall be “ arbitri duarum menfarum.”

That the matter fhall command all the officers of the college, appoint aflemblies or conferences upon occafion, and preside in them with a double voice; and in his abfence the treasurer, whose bufinefs is to receive and difburfe all monies by the mafter's order in writing (if it be an extraordinary), after confent of the other profeffors.

That all the profeffors fhall fup together in the parlour within the hall every night, and shall dine there twice a week (to wit, Sundays and Thursdays) at two round tables, for the convenience of difcourfe; which shall be for the most part of fuch matters as may improve their studies and profeffions; and to keep them from falling into loofe or unprofitable talk, fhall be the duty of the two arbitri menfarum, who may likewife command any of the fervant-scholars to read to them what he shall think fit, whilit they are at table: that it fhall belong likewife to the faid arbitri menfarum only, to invite ftrangers; which they fhall rarely do, unless they be men of learning or great parts, and fhall not invite above two at a time to one table, nothing being more vain and unfruitful than numerous meetings of acquaintance.

That the profeffors refident fhall allow the college twenty pounds a year for their diet, whether they continue there all the time or not.

That they fhall have once a week an affembly, or conference, concerning the affairs of the college, and the progrefs of their experimental philofophy.

That, if any one find out any thing which he conceives to be of confequence, he shall communicate it to the affembly, to be examined, experimented, approved, or rejected.

That, if any one be author of an invention that may bring-in profit, the third part of it shall belong to the inventor, and the two other to the fociety; and befides if the thing be very confiderable, his ftatue or picture, with an elogy under it, fhall be placed in the gallery, and made a denifon of that corporation of famous men.

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