CHAPTER Shawanese village on the Muskingum, some sixteen XXX. miles below the present Coshocton; but the Indians 1774. made their escape. Dunmore himself, with fifteen hund red men, moved directly against the Indian villages on the Scioto; while Colonel Lewis, with another division of twelve hundred men, descended the Kenhawa. Near the mouth of that river Lewis found the Indians in force, under Logan, Cornstalk, and other chiefs. A very hardOct. 10. fought battle ensued; the Virginians finally carried the day, but not without the loss of sixty or seventy killed, and a large number wounded. Leaving a garrison at Point Pleasant, under Shelby, afterward first governor of Kentucky, Lewis marched to join Dunmore on the Scioto. Alarmed at Dunmore's approach toward their towns, the Indians had already entered into negotiations, and Dunmore directed Lewis to put a stop to hostilities— orders which the backwoodsmen were somewhat reluctant to obey. Logan was not present at the treaty, but he sent the following speech: "I appeal to any white man to say if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 6 Logan is the friend of white men!' I had even thought to have lived with you but for the injuries of one man. Colonel Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relatives of Logan, not even sparing women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge! I have sought it; I have killed many; I have fully glutted my vengeance! For my people, I rejoice at the beams of peace; but do not XXX. harbor a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan CHAPTER never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life! Who is there to mourn for Logan? Not one!" 1774 At Fort Gower, at the junction of the Hocking with the Ohio, the officers of Dunmore's army, on their home- Nov. 5. ward march, held a meeting, at which they compliment ed the governor, and resolved to bear faithful allegiance to the king, but also to maintain the just rights of America by every means in their power. At the same time with these difficulties on the Virginia frontier, some collisions took place in Georgia between the settlers on the recently ceded lands, and the Creeks and Cherokees, who seemed disposed to support each other in case of hostilities. But, instead of having recourse to arms, Governor Wright proclaimed a suspension of trade. The Indians by this means were soon brought to terms, and a new treaty of peace was ar- Oct. 24 ranged. Two successive cargoes of tea which arrived at Portsmouth had been reshipped. A quantity brought to Annapolis was burned, and the ship with it; the owner himself, to soothe the excitement, setting fire to it with his own hand. The Assembly of Connecticut gave orders. to the towns to lay in a double supply of ammunition. They directed the cannon at New London to be mounted, and the militia to be frequently trained. The pro ceedings of the Continental Congress were approved, and the same delegates were reappointed. July. Sept. Oct Nov. Measures meanwhile were every where on foot, by the appointment of committees of inspection, to enforce the American Association. Philadelphia set the example. Nov. 2% New York followed by appointing a city committee of sixty, with full powers for that purpose. At a third session of the Massachusetts Congress, held after a Nov. 2 XXX. CHAPTER short adjournment, the delegates to the late Continenta Congress made a report of the doings of that body, all 1774. of which were fully approved. It was voted to enroll twelve thousand "rninute men"-volunteers, that is, from among the militia, pledged to be ready for service at a minute's notice; and negotiations were ordered with the other New England colonies, to make up this force to twenty thousand. John Thomas, of Plymouth county, who had led a regiment in the late war, and William Heath, a Roxbury farmer, were commissioned as generals. Domestic manufactures were strongly urged upon the attention of the people. The same delegates as before were appointed to the Continental Congress to be held in the spring. Directions were also issued for the election of a new Provincial Congress, to meet early in the year, at which time the members of the last elected council were requested to be present The Congress then adjourned to attend the annual thanksgiving, of which they had assumed the appointment Their authority was zealously seconded in every town by Committees of Safety, vested with general executive powers, Committees of Correspondence, and Committees of Inspection, appointed to look after the observance of the American Association. In the absence of the ships of war usually stationed in Narraganset Bay, forty-four pieces of cannon were taken from the batteries at Newport and conveyed to Dec. 6. Providence. When called upon by the British naval commander for an explanation, Governor Wanton bluntly avowed that these cannon had been taken away to prevent their falling into his hands, and were intended for use against any power that might offer to molest the colony. This movement in Rhode Island was induced by a royal proclamation prohibiting the export of military XXX. stores to America. It was soon followed up in New CHAPTER Hampshire. Instigated by Paul Revere from Boston, and led by John Sullivan, a leading lawyer, late a dele- 1774. gate to the Continental Congress, and by John Langdon, Dec. 13. a principal merchant of Portsmouth, a large party entered the fort at that place, which was only guarded by four or five men, and carried off a hundred barrels of powder, some cannon and small arms. The doings of the Continental Congress were approved Dec. 8 by a convention in Maryland, and the several counties took measures for enforcing the Association. The Convention of Maryland assumed, in fact, the powers of government; they ordered the militia to be enrolled, and voted £10,000 to purchase arms. The Assembly of Pennsylvania also approved the doings of Congress, and appointed delegates Dec. 15 to the new one. In South Carolina, delegates to the 1775 new Congress, and committees of inspection to enforce Jan. 11. the Association, were appointed by a provincial convention, of which Charles Pinckney was president, called together by the committee of ninety-nine. Some of the members of this convention, particularly the indigo planters from the upper counties, took great offense at the exception of rice from the non-exportation agreement, regarding it as a piece of unjustifiable partiality. A motion was made to instruct the new delegates to use their endeavors at the ensuing Congress to cause this exception to be stricken out. Gadsden, one of the late delegates, disclaimed any responsibility in this matter, the very proposal of which had occasioned, he said, great disgusts, and a cessation from business for several days, to give the South Carolina delegates time to recollect themselves. It had only been yielded at last for the sake of preserving the union of America. He was in favor of striking it out. John Rutledge alleged, in CHAPTER defense of himself and his three colleagues, that without XXX. this exception the Association would have operated with 1775. particular severity on South Carolina; and he proposed to equalize matters by a compensation to the indigo Among other powers con The Assembly of New Jersey, in spite of Governo Jan 24. Franklin's efforts, approved the doings of Congress, which Jan. 25. were ratified also in New Hampshire by a convention of delegates. The temper of the Pennsylvania Assembly, though the action of Congress had been approved by that body, seemed too moderate to the warmer spirits. They Jan 23. called a Provincial Convention; and, besides taking effectual means for enforcing the Association, adopted a resolution, that if the British administration should determine to effect by force a submission to the late acts of Parliament, in such a situation we hold it our indispensable duty to resist such force, and, at every hazard, to defend the rights and liberties of America." The president of this convention was Joseph Reed, a young lawyer of Presbyterian origin, who had married a daughter of De Berdt, the late Massachusetts agent in London. A leading spirit in it was Thomas Mifflin, a young Quaker distinguished for energy of character, and gifted with a remarkable flow of popular eloquence. But the Quakers generally did not share Mifflin's enthusiasm. They had |