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off Margate Sands. This ship being
shortly after paid off in consequence of
the peace, Captain Broughton was ap-
pointed to the Penelope, a fine frigate,
and in that ship made a short trip to the
Mediterranean.

Soon after his return from Malta,
to which island he had conveyed the Bri-
tish resident, the late Sir Alexander
Ball, hostilities having recommenced,
the Penelope was stationed in the North
Seas, to watch the Dutch ports. Charges
were at this time exhibited against Capt.
Broughton, by his first lieutenant,
upon which he was tried by a court-
martial, and acquitted of them all, ex-
cepting one for sleeping one or two
nights out of his ship. On this point
he was admonished, but the rest were
not proved, and declared to be ill-
founded, trifling, and malicious. About
this time Captain Broughton's Voyage
was published. The Russian naviga-
tor, Krusentnern, observes in his work,
not knowing of the publication, as fol-
lows:

"It might almost be believed, that
the English government had purposely
cast a veil over the voyages of Colorett
and Broughton on the coast of Japan,
were it not that the liberality which they
have shown, in publishing every voyage
that has been undertaken during the last
half century, (a period so brilliant in the
history of discoveries,) completely contro-
verts this suspicion. The companion of
Vancouver could not have failed to have
rendered his work very interesting to
geography and navigation."

Whatever might have been the motives
of the Admiralty in not assisting the
publication of Captain Brougton's voy-
age, certain it is, that they contributed
nothing to the expence of it, and in that
respect differed from their predecessors
in office, who behaved so liberally in
editing the voyages of Cook and Van-
couver. This work was well spoken of
in the Reviews, was translated into
French, and though more useful to the
navigator than pleasing to the general
reader, is a valuable addition to geo-
graphy.

On the 21st of May the Penelope,
then being one of the squadron under
the command of Commodore Sir Sydney
Smith, engaged the French flotilla pass-
ing from Flushing to Ostend. On this
occasion three of her crew were killed
and several wounded, and the ship much
damaged.

During the ensuing three years
Captain Broughton was employed in

a variety of cruizes off the Texel, to
Yarmouth, Plymouth, and the channel
fleet; and also off the Black Rocks, the
Garonne, and Cadiz. On the 23d of
May, 1807, he was appointed to the
Illustrious of 74 guns, in which ship
he was present at the memorable affair
in Basque Roads, and afterwards exa-
mined as a witness on the trial of Lord
Gambier.

In the summer of 1809, the Illustrious
formed a part of the expedition against
the Isle of Walcheren, subsequently to
which she was stationed off Cherburg,
under the orders of Sir Richard King.

While on this station, Captain Brough-
ton received orders to proceed with a
convoy to the East Indies. He accord-
ingly sailed from Portsmouth in the early
part of 1810, and arrived at Calcutta in
time to join the expedition against the
Isle of France; in the conquest of
which settlement he had the honor to
partake.

On the return of the Illustrious to Ma-
dras, Captain Broughton finding himself
senior officer of the squadron in the In-
dian seas, by the death of Admiral
Drury, hoisted a broad pendant, and
proceeded to superintend the equipment
of an expedition againt the island of
Java; the military part of which was
conducted by Sir Samuel Auchmuty.
The general rendezvous for the several
divisions of the armament was to be in
Malacca roads, whence the whole fleet,
to the number of seventy-two ships, sailed
in different divisions.

As the monsoon was contrary to the
fleet's making a straight passage to Java,
it became an important potnt of con-
sideration, which would be the most eli-
gible passage; the eastern route was
proposed and the straits of Macassar, both
of which to the commodore appeared to
be too circuitous and tedious. Therefore,
from the best information, he preferred
the passage by the coast of Borneo to
Cape Sambar, and proceeded to his des-
tination in that course as the general
intended his first attack should be that
on Batavia.

The town of Batavia had surrendered
when orders came from the Honorable
Rear-admiral Stopford to Commodore
Broughton to put himself and his squad-
ron under his command; and also an-
nouncing his arrival at the east end of
Java, in the Scipio man of war from the
Cape, which station the admiral had left
to put himslf at the head of the naval
expedition against the island of Java.
Mortifying as this intelligence must have

7

been to Commodore Broughton to find
that his command was taken from him so
unexpectedly, yet he had the satisfaction
of knowing that he had conducted so
large an armament in safety through a
difficult navigation, and by his co-oper-
ation with Sir Samuel Auchmuty in the
reduction of Batavia, the chief town,
facilitated the ultimate conquest of the
island of Java.

Admiral Stopford having relinquished
his assumed command on the capitulation
of the island, and having returned to his
station at the Cape, with his squadron,
Commodore Broughton again became
commander-in-chief of His Majesty's
ships in the East Indies, till he hauled
down his broad pendant by order of Rear.
admiral Sir Samuel Hood, sent over
from England to succeed Admiral Drury.

Captain Broughton now returned to
England after an absence of three years,
and in May, 1815, was appointed to the
command of the Royal Sovereign, a first-
rate lying at Plymouth, which he found
ready for sea, and completely manned;
but, on the total defeat of the French
Emperor, and his subsequent abdication,
the ship was paid off, and Lord Melville
was pleased to appoint Captain Brough-
ton to command the Spencer of 74 guns,
one of the guardships at Plymouth.

In the meanwhile the Order of the
Bath had been extended into three classes,
and Captain Broughton found his name
was only inserted in that of companions.
He expostulated with the First Lord of
the Admiralty on such an unmerited
omission of his claim to have his name
inserted in the second class; and after-
wards presented a petition to His R. H.
the Prince Regent, praying to be re-
warded with the same mark of distinc-
tion which so many of equal rank, or
juniors to him, enjoyed for services in-
ferior to his own.

Although unsuccessful in his efforts
to obtain the insignia of a knight-com-
mander, Captain Broughton soon after
received the honorable and lucrative ap-
pointment of colonel of royal marines;
and every other attention was paid him
by the admiralty, particularly by the
noble viscount who presides at that
board; and it is gratifying to his sur-
viving friends to know, that his pro-
fessional services were duly appreciated.

When the command of the Spencer
had ceased, Captain Broughton retired
to Florence, in Italy, where he died on
the 12th of March last, to the inex-
pressible grief of all who were nearly
connected with him, and with the very

VOL. VI.

sincere regret of his numerous friends
and acquaintance. He has left a widow,
the youngest daughter of his kinsman,
the late Rev. Sir Thomas Broughton,
Baronet, and four children, a son and
three daughters, to deplore his almost
sudden loss, for his death was not ex-
pected, though he had laboured for some
time under the angina pectoris, a disease
that has often been corrected by regimen
and attention, and which, in Captain
Broughton's case, was not pronounced
immediately dangerous. It may with
truth be asserted, that he has not left a
more active or experienced officer behind
him, or, in private life, a more amiable
man. The writer of this article knew
him well to be excellent in the charac-
ters of father, son, brother, husband,
and friend, and offers this token of his
respect and affection.

His saltem accumulem scriptis et fun-
gar inani munere.

In the burial-ground of the English
factory at Leghorn, this inscription is
written on his tomb by the Reverend
Dr. Trevor:

Sacred to the Memory
of

William Robert Broughton, Esq.
Captain in the Royal Navy of England,
And Colonel of Marines.

His professional career was honorable to himself
And beneficial to his Country.

In two Voyages of Discovery he traversed
The Pacific Ocean,

With the perseverance, intrepidity, and skill:
Of a British seaman ;

On the intricate coast of Java,

As Commander-in-chief of the English squadron,
He steered his fleet to victory,
And secured that valuable Island to
his Sovereign.

After having brav'd and overcome danger
For forty-seven years in the service of his country,
On the 12th of March, 1821, in the 59th year

of his age,

He died suddenly in Florence,
In the bosom of his family,
To whom he was endeared by

Those qualities which ameliorate the evils
And enliven the joys of domestic life.
It is now the consolation, as it was the happiness,
Of his afflicted widow and children,
That to the character of a brave and gallant officer
Was united, in the object of their sorrow,
that of

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History of Renfrew, were in the army,
and, going to Ireland at the time of
the troubles in that country, settled near
Drogheda.

Mr. Caldwell, being destined for the
naval service, went to the Royal Aca-
demy at Portsmouth in 1754. Having
remained there two years and a half, he
went to sea, in His Majesty's ship Isis,
commanded by Capt. Edward Wheeler.
In the Isis he remained, we believe, till
the month of March, 1759, when he
was removed to the Namur, the flag-ship
of Admiral Boscawen, then recently
appointed to the command of a fleet of
fourteen sail of the line and two frigates,
destined for the Mediterranean.

Admiral Boscawen sailed from Saint
Helens on the 14th of April, and on
the 17th of August following encoun-
tered and defeated M. de la Clue, off
Lagos.

On the 20th of November, in the
same year, Mr. Caldwell was also in
the celebrated victory obtained by Sir
Edward Hawke over M. de Conflans.
As yet, he was only a midshipman; but,
on the 20th of March, 1760, he was
made a lieutenant, and appointed to
the Achilles, commanded by the Hon.
Captain Barrington.

On the 24th of May, 1762, Mr.
Caldwell was appointed to the com-
mand of the Martin sloop, in which
vessel he sailed in the September of
1763, first to the coast of Africa, and
thence to the West Indies.

He re-

mained in the Martin till 1765, when,
on the first of April, he was promoted
to the rank of post-captain in the
Milford frigate.

In the spring of 1768, Captain Cald-
well was appointed to the Rose, in
which he remained, on the Boston
station, till the end of 1771. His next
appointment was to the Emerald frigate,
in 1775. The Emerald, immediately
after she was commissioned, was ordered
on the North American station, under
Lord Howe, where she remained till
the winter of 1779. On this service,
Captain Caldwell had various oppor-
tunities of distinguishing himself; and
his diligence, activity, and gallantry,
were eminently conspicuous, particularly
in blockading the Capes of Virginia,
where he took the Virginia frigate, and
numerous other smaller vessels,

On the 25th of December, 1779,
Captain Caldwell was appointed to the
Hannibal, a new ship of 50 guns.
In
the Hannibal he sailed to St. Helena,
and on his return he brought home an

East India convoy. Shortly after his
arrival in England, in 1781, he was
farther advanced to the command of
the Agamemnon, of 64 guns, 'attached
to the Channel fleet, under Admiral
Darby.

At the latter end of that year, the
Agamemnon formed a part of Rear
Admiral Kempenfelt's squadron, cruis-
ing for the purpose of intercepting a
fleet which had sailed from Brest,
with a convoy for the West Indies.

At day-break on the 12th of Decem-
ber, about 35 leagues to the westward
of Ushant, the English Admiral de-
scried the enemy's fleet; and though it
was greatly his superior in force, he
succeeded in cutting off about twenty
sail of the convoy. The Agamemnon

On

was detached in quest of any straggling
ships of the enemy which might have
separated from the main body.
the 25th of December, Captain Cald-
well fell in with seven sail of transports,
with troops and naval stores. Five of
these, four ships and a snow, were
captured, and carried safely into
port.

Soon after his return from the above
cruise, Capt. Caldwell was ordered to the
West Indies, and was fortunate enough
to join Admiral Sir George B. Rodney
in time to share the glories of the
memorable 12th of April, 1782. The
Agamemnon suffered severely on the
occasion. Fourteen of her seamen were
killed, and twenty-two wounded; two
of her lieutenants, Incledon, now a
vice admiral, and Brice, were also
wounded, the latter mortally.

On the news of this splendid and
important victory reaching England,
the thanks of parliament were unani-
mously voted to the commander-in-
chief, the captains, officers, seamen, and
marines of the fleet.

Captain Caldwell proceeded with the
prizes to Jamaica. He then sailed to
North America, with Admiral Pigot,
with whom he also returned to the West
Indies at the close of the year. During
the short remainder of the war, nothing
farther of importance occurred; and
peace being concluded early in the
ensuing year, Captain Caldwell returned
to England in the month of May 1783.
Our officer, we believe, had no farther
command till 1787, when, in the arma-
`ment of that year, he was appointed to
the Alcide.

In 1790, at the time when a dispute
took place between Great Britain and
Spain, relative to Nootka Sound, Cap-

tain Caldwell was appointed to the
Berwick, of 74 guns; but, the dif-
ference having been amicably settled,
the armament was discontinued, and
the Berwick was consequently put out
of commission.

From this period it does not appear
that Captain Caldwell was ever again
in active service as a private captain.

On the 1st of February, 1793, he
was promoted to the rank of Rear-
Admiral of the White; and in the
winter of that year being appointed to
a command in the Channel fleet, under
Lord Howe, he hoisted his flag on
board the Cumberland of 74 guns,
Captain T. Louis.

On the 12th of April, 1794, he was
farther advanced to the rank of Rear-
Admiral of the Red, and shifted his
flag to the Impregnable, of 98 guns,
Captain G. B. Westcott.

It was on the 1st of June following,
that Lord Howe achieved that im-
portant victory over the French fleet,
which will be long remembered by
Britons with heart-felt exultation. The
Impregnable in this action had seven
killed and twenty four wounded.

It is here particularly worthy of re-
mark, that Rear-Admiral Caldwell, a
brave and meritorious officer, whose
unremitting services, whose persevering
activity, zeal, and courage, had never, for
a long series of years, been once sullied
by the breath of calumny or suspicion,
was, with several other officers, one of
whom was the late Lord Collingwood,
omitted in the honorable mention made
by Lord Howe, in his official dispatches,
of those whom he thought entitled
to his "particular thanks" for their ex-
ertions.

The Rear-Admiral, though not ho-
nored with a medal on the above occa-
sion, was named in the thanks of both
Houses of Parliament.

On the 4th of July following, he was
made Vice-Admiral of the Blue Squad-
ron. In the month of September he
shifted his flag into the Majestic, of 74
guns, and on the 13th of the following
month sailed with a reinforcement for
the Leeward Islands. On the 14th of
November he arrived at Martinique,
and succeeded Sir John Jervis, whose
impaired health obliged him to re-
linquish the command on the above

station.

Vice-Admiral Caldwell being relieved
in 1795, by Sir John Laforey, returned
to England in the Blanche frigate.

On his arrival he struck his flag, and

from that period never solicited employ-
ment; but he lived long enough to
have his wounded feelings healed by
His present Majesty, who, on the 20th
of May, 1820, in contemplation of his
coronation, was graciously pleased to
confer upon him the Grand Cross of the
Order of the Bath, thus rendering happy
the latter days of a brave, honorable
and faithful subject, ever zealous to,
promote the welfare of his country.
In private life he was a kind, sincere
friend, beloved and respected by all
who knew him, and died much lamented,
at Farleigh House, the residence of his
son, near Basingstoke, Hants, the 1st of
November, 1820, aged 83.

At the time of his decease, Sir Ben-
jamin was only junior in rank to His
Royal Highness the Duke of Clarence,
Admiral of the Fleet; and Admiral
the Earl of St. Vincent.

Mrs. Caldwell died at the Admiral's
house, in Charles-street, Berkeley-
square, on the 20th of September, 1819,
aged 73.

CAMPBELL, Admiral Sir George,
G. C. B. Commander-in-chief at Ports-
mouth, and a groom of the bed-chamber
to His Majesty. This officer was the
third son of the late Pryce Campbell, Esq.
of Cawdor Castle, and brother of Lord
Cawdor. He was born on the 13th of
August, 1761, and entered the navy at
an early age. On the 9th of November,
1781, he obtained the rank of post-cap-
tain, and, during the remainder of the
American war, commanded the Aurora,
a wretched going frigate, by no means
suited to the ardour of so spirited an
officer. The Aurora was constantly em-
ployed in convoying merchant-vessels
round the coast of England, Wales, and
Ireland. Soon after the general peace,
Captain Campbell was appointed to the
command of the Orpheus, a very fine
frigate, stationed in the Mediterranean,
and in which he acquired very great
credit among the states of Italy, and
even among those of Barbary. At the
commencement of the revolutionary war,
Captain C. commanded the Leda frigate,
and on the 9th of June, 1793, captured
L'Eclair, of 22 guns, in the Mediter-

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arrived at Plymouth, in company with a
squadron under Rear-admiral Mann,
with convoy from Lisbon and Oporto *.
In the month of April, 1798, Capt. C.
was appointed to the Dragon of 74 guns,
in which ship he continued during the
remainder of the time he served as a
captain. On the 1st of January, 1801,
he was promoted to the rank of Rear-
Admiral of the Blue, and hoisted his flag
in the Temeraire of 98 guns, attached to
the Channel fleet. He was farther ad-
vanced to the rank of Vice-Admiral of the
Blue, 13th December, 1806. In 1809
he had his flag on board the Princess of
Orange, 74, in the Downs, as com-
mander-in-chief. In the same year, he
sat as a member of the court-martial ap-
pointed to try Lord Gambier, for his con-
duct relative to the operations in Basque
Roads. On the 4th of June, 1814, he
obtained the rank of Admiral of the Blue.
On the 2d of January following he was
nominated a Knight Commander of the
Bath. On the 21st of May, 1818, Sir
George hoisted his flag on board the
Queen Charlotte of 108 guns, Captain
Thomas Briggs, as commander-in-chief,
at Portsmouth, vice Sir Edward Thorn-
borough. On the 12th of August, 1819,
he became Admiral of the White.

Sir

George had, three days previous thereto,
entertained His Majesty, then Prince
Regent, and the officers of the navy, in
commission, at Portsmouth. On the
8th of June following, he received the
Grand Cross of the above Order, vacant
by the death of Sir Thomas F. Free-
mantle +.

On the 23d of January, 1821, by one
of those unaccountable and extraordi-
nary aberrations of reason, which have
lamentably visited at all times, and
in all ages, men of every class and
every qualification, both mental and
personal, Sir George put a period to his
existence by shooting himself with a
pistol. He was found dead in his dressing-
room by his valet, who had left him only
five minutes previous. No cause can be
assigned for this act, but a peculiar ill-
ness had lately afflicted him, which caused
occasionally a considerable flow of blood
to the head, and occasioned him evident
uneasiness, but which by attention, as he
was conscious of it, he meant to have
removed by medicine and exercise;

*Windsor Castle, 98, flag-ship, Capt.
Edw. O'Brien; Saturn, 74, Jas. Doug-
las; Defence, 74, Thos. Wells; and
Adamant, 50, H. Warre.
+ See a former volume.

though we regret this determination was
made too late, as in one of these depres-
sions of spirits and natural oppression in
the brain, his profession lost an esteemed
member, and the world a good man.
He was of the most humane and charit-
able disposition, and of exemplary do-
mestic habits. Sir George was a Groom
of the Bed-Chamber to His late Majesty,
whose funeral he attended in that capa-
city. He had the honor of being highly
esteemed by His present Majesty; in-
deed, they were early friends. In 1819,
when His Majesty was cruising in his
yacht, he went on shore purposely to
dine with Sir George; and in the fol-
lowing season, on the Admiral going on
board to pay his respects to His Majesty
on his arrival off Portsmouth, the King
observed, that he did not intend to go
out of the yacht during his stay; and,
turning to Sir George, added, in the
familiar tone which he always used with
him, "I shall not even go on shore to
see you, George.'

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We understand that Lord Melville, on
hearing of the death of Sir George, im-
mediately promoted his nephew, the
Honorable George Pryce Campbell,
commander of the Racehorse, to the
rank of post-captain, as an expression of
the high sense entertained by his Lord-
ship and the other Lords of the Ad-
miralty, of the character of the deceased
Admiral. Sir B. Bloomfield expressed
the King's sorrowful feelings, and his
kind and gracious wishes to Lady Camp-
bell, on the deeply afflicting event.

Note. Sir George was a freeholder of
Nairnshire.

CARHAMPTON, Earl of, April 25,
at his house in Bruton-street, at two
o'clock in the morning, in his 78th year,
Henry Lawes Luttrell, Earl of Car-
hampton, Visc. Carhampton of Castle-
haven, Baron Irnham of Luttrelstown,
Governor of Dublin, Patent Customer
at Bristol, a General in the army, and
Colonel of the 6th regiment of dragoon
guards, born August 7, 1743; married
June 25, 1776, Jane, daughter of Geo.
Boyd, of Dublin, Esq. one of the most
beautiful women of her day, as well as
the most amiable. Her ladyship survives
him. He was brother to the beautiful
Miss Luttrell, the late Duchess of Cum-
berland. His Lordship succeeded to
his titles on the death of his father, in
1787. Creations of the first nobleman,
the father of the deceased: baron, 1768;
viscount, 1781; earl, 1785. His Lord-
ship is succeeded in his titles and estates
by his only brother, the Hon. John

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