Civilization: Or, A Brief Analysis of the Natural Laws that Regulate the Numbers and Condition of MankingSaunders and Otley, 1836 - 216 страници |
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Страница 12
... master , to advance them the materials of their work , and to maintain them until the work be completed . The master , in return , shares in the produce of their labour ; and in his share consists his profits . Sometimes , indeed , an ...
... master , to advance them the materials of their work , and to maintain them until the work be completed . The master , in return , shares in the produce of their labour ; and in his share consists his profits . Sometimes , indeed , an ...
Страница 13
... master for his income consists both of the value of his labour , and the value of his stock , -sources of income generally distinct , and which must be carefully separated in reasoning upon this subject . We will therefore consider as ...
... master for his income consists both of the value of his labour , and the value of his stock , -sources of income generally distinct , and which must be carefully separated in reasoning upon this subject . We will therefore consider as ...
Страница 15
... masters , having to pay less in wages , would be able to sell their finished articles at a lower price . This they are usually driven to do by competition among themselves . They are also induced to do it with a view to extend their ...
... masters , having to pay less in wages , would be able to sell their finished articles at a lower price . This they are usually driven to do by competition among themselves . They are also induced to do it with a view to extend their ...
Страница 17
... master ; while the earnings of those employed come under the head of wages . Agricultural produce may likewise be resolved into these constituent parts , by call- ing the land the raw material , and the corn or cattle raised , the ...
... master ; while the earnings of those employed come under the head of wages . Agricultural produce may likewise be resolved into these constituent parts , by call- ing the land the raw material , and the corn or cattle raised , the ...
Страница 23
... master pays to get a certain amount of work performed the rate of wages referring to what a labourer earns in a certain time . So that if two men are paid at the same rate for their labour , and one works twice as hard as the other ...
... master pays to get a certain amount of work performed the rate of wages referring to what a labourer earns in a certain time . So that if two men are paid at the same rate for their labour , and one works twice as hard as the other ...
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absentee Adam Smith additional advance afford agricultural agricultural produce America appears aristocracy arrondisse augmented average capital cause cent civilization combination compared condition consequence consumed corn cultivation death demand for labour Democracy in America diminish diminution distress duced effect employed employment enable existence expense exported extent factures fall families farms former France gun barrels higher orders higher wages House of Commons improvements increase of population industry inhabitants Ireland labour in England land landlord laws less limited living lower mankind manu manual labour manufac manufactured articles marriages master means of subsistence ment misery mortality nations natural number of births number of labourers number of persons observes occasioned paid poor popu portion procure profits prolific proportion purchase raised rate of increase rate of wages raw produce reduced rent rise society supply of food suppose surplus produce take place tendency tillage tion trade ture unprolific classes wealth whole workmen
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Страница 205 - How absolute the knave is ! we must speak by the card, or equivocation will undo us. By the Lord, Horatio, these three years I have taken note of it ; the age is grown so picked that the toe of the peasant comes so near the heel of the courtier, he galls his kibe. — How long hast thou been a grave-maker? 1 Clo. Of all the days i' the year, I came to't that day that our last King Hamlet o'ercame Fortinbras.
Страница 147 - Why, let the stricken deer go weep, The hart ungalled play ; For some must watch, while some must sleep : Thus runs the world away.
Страница 84 - If a landlord, or a capitalist, expends his revenue in the manner of an ancient baron, in the support of a great number of retainers, or menial servants, he will give employment to much more labour, than if he expended it on fine clothes, or costly furniture ; on carriages, on horses, or in the purchase of any other luxuries.
Страница 43 - In watchmaking, as Mr. Babbage observes, "it was stated in evidence before a Committee of the House of Commons, that there are a hundred and two distinct branches of this art, to each of which a boy may be put apprentice; and that he only learns his master's department, and is unable, after his apprenticeship has expired, without subsequent instruction, to work at any other branch. The watch-finisher, whose business...
Страница 85 - I could so employ with my revenue of £10,000, or with the food and clothing which it would purchase, would be to be added to the former demand for labourers, and this addition would take place only because I chose this mode of expending my revenue.
Страница 208 - The morasses have been drained ; and, in proportion as the soil has been cultivated, the air has become more temperate. Canada, at this day, is an exact picture of ancient Germany. Although situated in the same parallel with the finest provinces of France and England, that country experiences the most rigorous cold. The reindeer are very numerous, the ground is covered with deep and lasting snow, and the great river...
Страница 40 - ... that the accommodation of an European prince does not always so much exceed that of an industrious and frugal peasant, as the accommodation of the latter exceeds 40 that of many an African king, the absolute master of the lives and liberties of ten thousand naked savages.
Страница 68 - ... workmen, which may render that contract a loss instead of a benefit; besides taking precautions to prevent them from becoming acquainted with it, he must also add to the price at which he could otherwise sell the article, some small increase to cover the risk of such an occurrence. If an establishment consist of several branches which can only be carried on jointly, as, for instance, of iron mines, blast furnaces, and a colliery, in which there are distinct classes of workmen, it becomes necessary...
Страница 188 - ... the night. No inquiries are made ; but the bodies are carried to a common pit without the city walls, into which all those that are living, as well as those that are dead, are said to be thrown promiscuously.