came an act of necessity, since the whole army did not mutiny against the execution; therefore, to establish further the authenticity of the relation, this only can be mentioned-that it was Bonn's division which fired. perished thus miserably by the order of its idol. FRATERNAL AFFECTION. The rector of Framlingham, in Suffolk, soon after the battle of Waterloo, wrote to the Duke of Wellington, stating, that in his The next circumstance is of a nature opinion the non-commissoned officers of which requires indeed the most particu- the British army had, by their valorous lar details to establish; since the idea conduct on that day, entitled themselves to can scarcely be entertained, that the some distinct marks of their country's apcommander of an army should order his probation, and therefore he felt disposed, own soldiers to be deprived of existence, for one, to offer his humble tribute to when in a state which required the their merit. In order that this might be kindest consideration. But the annals properly applied, he requested the favour of France record the frightful crimes of a of his Grace to point out to him the nonRobespierre and of a Carriere, and his- commissioned officer, whose heroic contorical truth must now recite one equal duct, from the representations which his to any which has blackened its page :- Grace had received, appeared the most Buonaparte finding that his hospitals prominent, to whom the rector meant to at Jaffa were crowded with sick, sent convey, in perpetuity, a freehold farm of for a physician, whose name should be £10 per annum. The Duke set the eninscribed in letters of gold, but which, | quiry immediately on foot, through all from weighty reasons, cannot be here the commanding officers of the line, and, inserted. On his arrival, he entered into in consequence, learnt that a serjeant of a long conversation with him respecting the Coldstream, and a corporal of the the danger of contagion; concluding at 1st regiment of Guards, had so distinlast with the remark, that something guished themselves that it was difficult must be done to remedy the evil, and to point out to him the most meritorious; that the destruction of the sick at pre- but that there had been displayed by the sent in the hospital, was the only niea- serjeant an exploit arising out of fratersure which could be adopted. The phy-nal affection, which he felt it his duty sician, alarmed at the proposal, bold in on this occasion to represent, viz.— the confidence of virtue and the cause of That near the close of the dreadful conhumanity, remonstrated vehemently, re-flict, this distinguished serjeant impapresenting the cruelty as well as the atrocity of such a murder; but finding that Buonaparte persevered and menaced, he indignantly left the tent, with this memorable observation: "Neither my principles nor the character of my profession will allow me to become a human butcher; and, general, if such qualities as you insinuate are necessary to form a great man, I thank God, I thank God that I do not possess them." Buonaparte was not to be diverted from his object by moral considerations; he persevered, and found an apothecary who, dreading the weight of power, but who since has made an atonement to his mind by unequivocally confessing the fact, consented to become his agent, and to administer poison to the sick. Opium at night was distributed in gratifying food; the wretched, unsuspecting victims banqueted; and in a few hours five hundred and eighty soldiers, who had suffered so much for their country, tiently solicited the officer commanding his company, for permission to retire from the ranks for a few minutes; the latter expressing some surprise at this request, the other said: "Your honour need not doubt of my immediate return." Permission being given him, he flew to an adjoining barn, to which the enemy in their retreat had set fire, and from thence bore on his shoulders his wounded brother, who he knew lay helpless in the midst of the flames. Having deposited him safely for the moment, under a hedge, he returned to his post in time to share in the victorious pursuit of the routed enemy; we need scarcely add, that the superior merit of this gallant non-commissioned officer was thus established. London:-Frinted by JOSEPH LAST, 3, Edward street, Hampstead-road; and published by W. M. CLARK, 19, Warwick-lane, Paternosterrow; J. PATTIE, 17, High-street, Bloomsbury, and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers. THE campaign of 1813 was com menced under circumstances of a more promising nature for the British army than any previous one. During the winter, supplies of every kind, together with large reinforcements, were received, and various changes were made in the equipments of the troops, not less important to their efficiency than to their convenience. The Infantry had suffered so much in their bivouacs, from exposure to the weather, that tents were now provided, in the proportion of three for each company; and the heavy iron campkettles, which had been heretofore transported by beasts of burden, were exchanged for lighter vessels of tin, which were carried by the soldiers themselves. At the same time, the most unremitting exertions were bestowed upon the disVOL. I. cipline and organization of the army, with the view of preventing the recurrence of those disorders which had been practised in former campaigns, and which had, more than once, called forth the severe reprehension of the commanderin-chief. Before the month of May these arrangements were completed, and Lord Wellington was ready to take the field, "and, for the first time," as Mr. Southey observes," with such means as enabled him to act in full confidence of success." On the other hand, the hopes of the French were greatly diminished. The winter, which had been turned to such profitable account by the British, had been productive of disasters and calamities to Bonaparte such as he had never before experienced, and such as he never afterwards repaired. It was the B period of his celebrated retreat from Russia, and the almost entire destruction of the great army which he had led to the invasion of that country. The enormous losses which he then sustained, compelled him to withdraw troops from Spain, though he still left 140,000 men in that country. The French still occupied Madrid, but their arrangements were directed to one object, namely, that of adopting the Douro as a line of defence, and intrenching themselves behind its deep and rapid stream. With this view they withdrew their main force beyond that river, and throwing up works at every assailable point on its right bank, trusted confidently to a position so strengthened by nature and art, for interposing an effectual barrier to the advance of the British. But this arrangement was quickly disconcerted by the operations of Lord Wellington. Instead of advancing, as the French expected, with his whole army to the left bank of the Douro, he moved the main body, under Sir Thomas Graham, across that river in Portugal, and, with only a small force, himself proceeded towards Salamanca by the direct road. The French were completely surprised by this combined movement. On the approach of Sir Thomas Graham, the enemy abandoned the towns of Toro and Zamora; and, early in June, the whole of the allied forces were united on the right bank of the Douro, having thus accomplished the first great object of the campaign. Being thus driven from the Douro, the French now endeavoured to occupy a position behind the Ebro, till they could collect reinforcements from the north. But Lord Wellington, adopting the same tactics which were before so successful, had already anticipated their design, by sending the left of his army to effect the passage of the Ebro, and by a road which had been heretofore deemed impracticable for carriages. The whole allied force was soon across the river, and the French withdrew to Vittoria, taking up a position in front of that city on the night of the 19th of June. In this position, which extended about eight miles, they covered the three great roads which radiate on Vittoria, and they also protected the main road to Bayonne, upon which were seen immense convoys moving towards France, " with the best harvest and the last gleanings of their plunder." The town itself was crowded with others waiting their turn to depart. On the 20th, Lord Wellington halted his army for the purpose of closing up his columns, and proceeded to reconnoitre the enemy's position, with the view of attacking them on the following morning, if they should still remain in it. The strength of the two armies was nearly equal, each having from 70,000 to 75,000 men. On the morning of the 21st, the battle began. The right of the British army, under Sir Rowland Hill, was sent to attack the heights of La Puebla. Sir Thomas Graham, with the left, was directed to turn the right of the French, and to intercept their retreat by the road of Bayonne; and it was the intention of Lord Wellington, to push forward with the centre at once upon the city. The attack was commenced by the Spaniards, under their leader, Murillo, and the French troops, at La Puebla, after a short resistance, were dislodged. The difficulties of the country retarded, for some time, the advance of the other columns to their stations; but at length they crossed the Zadorra at different points, and then the British centre advanced to attack the heights on which that of the French was posted. The enemy, however, abandoned his position in the valley, as soon as he saw the disposition made by Lord Wellington for attacking it, and commenced his retreat towards Vittoria. The British troops continued to advance in admirable order, notwithstanding the difficulties presented by the broken ground. In the mean time, while the right and centre of the British army were thus pushing the enemy back on the city, the left, under Sir Thomas Graham, having made a wide round, was moving upon Vittoria by the high road leading to it from Bilboa. A part of his troops turned the enemy's right, and gained some strong heights covering the village of Gamarra Mayor, which commanded the bridge over the Zadorra at that place. This village was carried by storm at the point of the bayonet, under a heavy fire from the artillery and musketry of the French, who suffered severely, and lost three pieces of cannon. The possession of this and of another village cut off the enemy's retreat by the high road to Bayonne. They still, however, had on the heights on the left of the Zadorra two divisions of infantry in reserve, and it was impossible for Sir Thomas Graham to cross by the bridges, until the troops from the centre and right had driven the enemy from Vittoria. This was effected about six o'clock in the evening, and then passing the river, he took possession of the road to Bayonne, and forced the French to retreat by that leading to Pamplona. The whole of the army now joined in the pursuit; and so complete was the rout of the French, that they were unable to draw off their baggage and artillery. “I have reason to believe," says the Duke of Wellington in his despatch," that the enemy carried off with them one gun and one howitzer only;" and that solitary gun was captured before it could reach Pamplona. No less than 151 pieces of brass ordnance in travelling carriages fell into the possession of the British; with 415 caissons, upwards of 14,200 rounds of ammunition, nearly 2,000,000 musket ball cartridges, and more than 40,000 pounds of powder. The loss on the part of the allies was about 5000; the French acknowledged a loss of 8000 men. The description which Mr. Southey gives of the scene after the fight is highly interesting. Joseph Buonaparte, whom his brother, Napoleon, had foisted upon the throne of Spain, by virtue of his unprincipled invasion of that country, and "who now appears for the last time upon the stage of his everlasting infamy, narrowly escaped. The tenth hussars entered Vittoria at the moment that he was escaping out of it in his carriage. Captain Wyndham with one squadron pursued and fired into the carriage, and Joseph had barely time to throw himself on his horse, and gallop off under the protection of an escort of dragoons. The carriage was taken, and in it the most splendid of his trinkets, and the most precious articles of his royal plunder. Marshal Jourdan's staff was among the trophies of the field; it was rather more than a foot long, and covered with blue velvet, on which the imperial eagles were embroidered; and it had been tipped with gold; but the first finder secured the gold for himself. The case was of 123 red morocco, with silver clasps, and with eagles on it, and at either end the marshal's name imprinted in gold letters. The spoils resembled those of an Oriental rather than of an European army; for the intruder, who in his miserable situation had abandoned himself to every kind of sensuality, had with him all his luxuries. His plunder, his wardrobe, his larder, and his cellar, fell into the conqueror's hands. The French officers followed his example as far as their means allowed, and thus the finest wines and the choicest delicacies were found in profusion. "The wives of the officers had gathered together in one house, where they were safe, and from whence they were sent in their own carriages, with a flag of truce to Pamplona. Poodles, parrots, and monkeys, were among the prisoners. Seldom has such a scene of confusion been witnessed as that which the roads leading from the field of battle presented; broken down waggons stocked with claret and champagne, others laden with eatables dressed and undressed, casks of brandy, apparel of every kind, barrels of money, books, papers, sheep, cattle, horses and mules, abandoned in the flight. The baggage was presently rifled, and the followers of the camp attired themselves in the gala dresses of the flying enemy. Portuguese boys figured about in the dress-coats of French general officers; and they who happened to draw a woman's wardrobe in the lottery, converted silks, satins, and embroidered muslins, into scarfs and sashes for their masquerade triumph. Some of the more fortunate soldiers got possession Let them,' said Lord of the army-chest, and loaded themselves with money. Wellington, when he was informed of it; they deserve all they can find, were it ten times more.' "The camp of every division was like a fair; benches were laid from waggon to waggon, and there the soldiers held an auction through the night, and disposed of such plunder as had fallen to their share to any one who would purchase it. Even dollars became an article of sale, for they were too heavy to be carried in any great numbers; eight were offered for a guinea, guineas which had • ing by been struck for the payment of the troops in Portugal, and made currer a decree of the Regency, being gold currency. The people of Vittoria had their share in the spoils, and some of them thus indemnified themselves for what they had suffered in their property by the enemy's exactions." THE following narrative of the battle of Vittoria, by a soldier of the 71st, may not prove uninteresting to our readers, exhibiting as it does, instances of that undaunted spirit which has ever distinguished our brave countrymen, and gained for us those victories which secured to us the peace we have so long enjoyed, and obtained for us a name which can only perish with the world. "We continued to advance, until the 20th of June, when, reaching the neighbourhood of Vittoria, we encamped upon the face of a hill. Provisions were very scarce. We had not a bit of tobacco, and were smoking leaves and herbs. Colonel Cadogan rode away, and got us half a pound of tobacco a man, which was most welcome. "Next morning we got up as usual. The first pipes played for parade; the second did not play at the usual time. We began to suspect all was not right. We remained thus until eleven o'clock; then received orders to fall in, and follow the line of march. During our march we fell to one side, to allow a brigade of guns to pass us at full speed. Now,' said my comrades, we shall have work to do before night.' We crossed a river; and, as we passed through a village, we saw, on the other side of the road, the French camp, and their fires still burning, just as they had left them. Not a shot had been fired at this time. We observed a large Spanish column moving along the heights, on our right. We halted, and drew up in column. Orders were given to brush out our locks, oil them, and examine our flints. We being in the rear, these were soon followed by orders to open out from the centre, to allow the 71st to advance. | Forward we moved up the hill. The firing was now very heavy. Our rear had not engaged, before word came for the doctor to assist Colonel Cadogan, who was wounded. Immediately we charged up the hill, the piper playing, 'Hey Johnny Cope.' The French had possession of the top, but we soon forced them back, and drew up in column on the height, sending out four companies to our left to skirmish. The remainder moved on to the opposite height. As we advanced, driving them before us, a French officer, a pretty fellow, was pricking and forcing his men to stand. They heeded him not he was very harsh. Down with him!' cried one near me; and down he fell, pierced by more than one ball. "Scarce were we upon the height, when a heavy column, dressed in greatcoats, with white covers on their hats, exactly resembling the Spanish, gave us a volley, which put us to the right about at double-quick time down the hill, the French close behind, through the whins. The four companies got the word, the French were on them. They likewise thought them Spaniards, until they got a volley, that killed or wounded almost every one of them. We retired to the height, covered by the 50th, who gave the pursuing column a volley which checked their speed. We moved up the remains of our shattered regiment to the height. Being in great want of ammunition, we were again served with sixty rounds a man, and kept up our fire for some time, until the bugle sounded to cease firing. "We lay on the height for some time. Our drought was excessive; there was no water upon the height, save one small spring, which was rendered useless. One of our men, in the heat of the action, called out he would have a drink, let the world go as it would. He stooped to drink; a ball pierced his head; he fell with it in the well, which was discoloured with brains and blood. Thirsty as we were, we could not taste it. "At this time the Major had the command, our second Colonel being wounded. There were not 300 of us on the height able to do duty, out of above 1000 who drew rations in the morning. The cries of the wounded were most heart-rending. "The French, on the opposite height, were getting under arms: we could give no assistance, as the enemy appeared to be six to one of us. Our orders were to maintain the height while there was a man of us. The word was given to shoulder arms. The French, at the |