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.b

,אִישׁוֹ אִישֵׁךְ אִישִׁי .with suffix ; אִישׁ .man"; stat. constr אִישׁ .4 ;אַנְשֵׁי .st. constr ; אֲנָשִׁים,band, more frequently אִישִׁים .plur ;אִישָׁהּ אַנְשֵׁיהֶן אַנְשֵׁיהֶם אֲנָשֵׁינוּ אֲנָשֶׁיהָ אֲנָשָׁיו אֲנָשֶׁיךָ אֲנָשִׁי .with suff

the feminine of) אֵשֶׁת or (אִנְשָׁה woman (contracted from אִשָּׁה .5 .Ps) אֶשְׁתְּךָ and אִשְׁתְּךָ אִשְׁתִּי .with suffix ; אֵשֶׁת .stat. constr ;(אִישׁ

cxxviii. 3), ; plur. (Ezek. xxiii. 44) and, more frequently,

נְשֵׁיכֶם נָשִׁינוּ נָשָׁיו נָשִׁיךְ נָשִׁי .with suffix ;נְשֵׁי .stat. constr ; נָשִׁים נְשֵׁיהֶם

,בֵּיתֵךְ בֵּיתְךָ בֵּיתִי with suffixes ; בֵּית .housed; stat. constr בַּיִת .6 .with suff ; בָּתֵּי .bottim) ; st. constr) בָּתִּים .plur ; בֵּיתְכֶם בֵּיתָהּ בֵּיתוֹ בָּתֵּיהֶן בָּתֵּיהֶם בָּתֵּיכֶם בָּתֵּינוּ בָּתָּיו בָּתַיִךְ בָּתֶיךָ

בְּנִי .with suffix ; בְּנוֹ s andבְּנִי בֶּן־בֶּן־ .some; stat. constr בֵּן .7 .with suff ; בְּנֵי .stat. construct ; בָּנִים .plur ; בְּנֵנוּ בְּנָהּ בְּנוֹ בְּנֵךְ בִּנְךְ בְּנֵיהֶן בְּנֵיהֶם בְּנֵיכֶם בָּנֵינוּ בָּנֶיהָ בָּנָיו בָּנַיִךְ בָּנֶיךְ בָּנַי

; בַּת .stat. constr ;(בֶּנֶת instead of ,בֶּן daughter (femin. of בַּת .8 .stat. constr ;בָּנוֹת .plur ;בִּתְּכֶם בַּתֵּנוּ בִּתָּהּ בִּתּוֹ בִּתְּךָ בִּתִּי .with suff ,בְּנֹתֵיכֶם בְּנֹתֵינוּ בְּנֹתֶיהָ בְּנֹתָיו בְּנֹתַיִךְ בְּנֹתֶיךָ בְּנֹתַי .with suff ; בְּנוֹת .(.etc ,בְּנוֹתֶיךָ בְּנוֹתַי or written fully) בְּנֹתֵיהֶם

or גְיָאוֹת .plur ; גֵי or גֵיא .valley ; stat. constr גֵי or גֶיא or גַּיְא .9 גִיאָיוֹת,(Ki. ii. 16; Ezek. vi. 3, kethiv 2) גֵיאוֹת .with suff ; גֶיאָיוֹת גֵיאוֹתֶיךָ

or

father-in-law (probably a primitive noun), stat. constr. "

10.

mother-in-law, with חָמוֹת and ;חָמִיהָ חָמִיךְ .with suffix ,חֲמוּ or חֲמוֹתָהּ חֲמוֹתֵךְ .suff

with ; מֵימֵי or מֵי .stat. constr ;(מֵי water (plural or dual of מַיִם .11 מֵימֵיהֶם מֵימֵינוּ, מֵימֶיהָ מֵימָיו מֵימֶיךְ מֵימַי .suffix

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.with suff ;פִּי .stat. constr ;(פִּי mouth (primitive noun, for פֶה .12 ; פִּיהֶן פִּימוֹ or פִּיהֶם פִּיכֶם פִּינוּ פִּיהָ פִּיהוּ or פִיו פִּיךְ פִּיךְ פִּי

plur. D'a and nib

EXERCISE XXII.

Translate the following sentences into English:

In each sentence the auxiliary verb is or are, not expressed in Hebrew, must be supplied. The meaning of the words will be found in the Vocabulary at the end of the volume.

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Translate into Hebrew:

The words printed in italics are not to be expressed.

I. The thoughts of the righteous (plur.) are justice, the devices of the wicked (plur.) are deceit., 2. The days of the afflicted (sing.)

has a feast continually. 3. The (טוֹב לֵב) are evil, but ( the cheerful

fear of the Lord is the instruction of wisdom, and before honour is humility. 4. Death and life are in the power of the tongue. 5. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of the Holy one (plur.) is understanding. 6. The voice is the voice of Jacob, but (?) the hands are the hands of Esau. 7. There is () a

folly, like (?) the superiority of light (מִן) superiority of wisdom over

over darkness. 8. Sweet is the sleep of the labourer. 9. The race

a 1 Sam. xiii. 21.

c Nouns in the status constructus

פָּיָה from פִּיוֹת .b Prov. v. 4; comp עֵץ הַחַיִּים .do not take the article; e.g

Judg. iii. 16.

the tree of life (§ 83. 13).

G

is not to the swift, nor nor (1) the battle to the strong (plur.), neither

bread to the wise (plur.), neither wealth to the intelligent (וְגַם-לא)

(plur.). Io. The wealth of the rich is the fortress of his strength, the dread of the poor is their poverty.

§ 33. PREPOSITIONS AND OTHER PARTICLES

WITH SUFFIXES.

As most of the Hebrew particles are originally nouns (see §§ 69, 70), they are capable of being provided with suffixes; and as many of them occur very frequently, it appears advisable to introduce here a list of the principal forms. Some are properly substantives in the singular, others in the plural; and they are hence divided into two distinct classes.

The

✪ The forms in parenthesis are not found in the Old Testament. numbers refer to the paradigms of the nouns (§ 31). Athnach () indicates the pausa.

I. PARTICLES OF THE SINGULAR NUMBer.

,אֵינֶךְ אֵינְךָ,I am not אֵינֶנִי-(2 .v. B ,אַיִן not (constr. stat. of אֵין .1 .(אֵינָן אֵינֵימוֹ or אֵינָם אֵינְכֶן) אֵינְכֶם אֵינֶנּוּ אֵינֶנָּה אֵינֶנּוּ

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3. with (more usually with makkeph,, vii. 2) — with

COAS, (JPN), DAN, (JAN).

4.in in me, or 3, 79, 12, m, 13, D3, (173), Dor

5. between (constr. stat. of ≥ interval, v. B. 2)—"

between me,

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8. in through (i. 1)—'aina, (qpina), qping, ibing, mainą, ipina, Dapina, (19pina), baina, ¡pina.

a With ' after 3, our intervals, and therefore partly belonging to the second class.

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12. to- to me, 77 or 72, 75, ib, mb, ub, pas, (1ab), orb, ↳

לָנוּ לֶךְ

.(.see $ 19. ii) לָהֶן

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or

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16. 1 before or against (v. s. 4)—”¬ before me, 771 or 7,

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אלי

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II. PARTICLES OF THE PLURAL NUMBER.

- :־

, :־

,אַחֲרַיִךְ אַחֲרֶיךָ,after me אַחֲרֵי or אַחֲרֵי-after אַחֲרֵי and אַחַר .1 אַחֲרֵיהֶן אַחֲרֵיהֶם אַחֲרֵיכֶן אַחֲרֵיכֶם אַחֲרֵינוּ אַחֲרֶיהָ אַחֲרָיו -to (אֱלֵי sometimes) אֶל־ always followed by makkeph ,אֵל .2 אֲלֵיכֶן, אֲלֵיכֶם אֵלֵינוּ אֵלֶיהָ אֵלָיו אֵלַיִךְ אֵלֶיךָ,to me אֵי אלי אֲלֵיהֶן אֲלֵיהֶם

or

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a Composed of? to, and the status

מִפְּנֵיהֶם מִפְּנֵיכֶם מִפָּנַי b And so .face; hence in the face of. | before me, etc פָּנִים const. of

סְבִיבוֹתָי or סְבִיבוֹתַי and (סְבִיבִי)-round about סְבִיבוֹת and סָבִיב 4 סְבִיבָיו סְבִיבוֹתַיִךְ (and סְבִיבַיִךְ) סְבִיבוֹתֶיךָ and סְבִינֶיךָ,round me סְבִיבוֹתֵיכֶם (and סְבִיבֵיכֶם סְבִיבוֹתֵינוּ (and סְבִיבִינוּ) סְבִיבוֹתָיו and סְבִיבוֹתָם or סְבִיבוֹתֵיהֶם (and סְבִיבֵיהֶם סְבִיבוֹתֵיכֶן and סְבִיבֵיכֶן) .(סְבִיבוֹתֵיהֶן and סְבִיבֵיהֶן)

ז

,(עָדַיִךְ) עָדֶיךָ,to me עָדָי or עָרֵי-to or till עֲדֵי or sometimes עַד .5 .(עָרֵיהֶן, וְעָדִיהֶם, עָרֵיכֶן עָרֵיכֶם עָדִינוּ) עָדֶיהָ עָדָיו

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On the particles in general see §§ 69 to 72.

§ 34. THE FORMATION OF THE FEMININE.

1. The feminine forms of nouns and adjectives are, as a general rule,, derived from the masculines by adding the termination ;

;

rising קָם ; רִאשׁוֹנָה-first רִאשׁוֹן ; שַׁכּוּלָה .bereaved, fem שַׁכּוּל .e.g .(3 .22 $ see) קָמָה

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2. Not unfrequently, however, the termination is chosen, especially in the status constructus, or if one of the last two

- friend מוֹדַע חוֹתָמֶת- seal חוֹתָם .consonants is a guttural; e.g

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3. As the ending causes the tone to advance to the last syllable, the masculine, if containing variable vowels, undergoes changes in every respect corresponding to those occasioned by the light suffixes, as will be easily understood from the following list arranged in accordance with the different classes of nouns ($ 31).

שְׁכּוֹר שִׁירָה - song שִׁיר : I. Words with unchangeable vowels שְׁכּוֹרָה-inebriated

II. Words with a changeable vowel in the ultima and an unchangeable vowel in the penultima: Div judging—nbiy, 17

III. Words with an unchangeable vowel in the ultima and a

רֵעָה-friend

מֵרִים נְבִיאָה-prophet נָבִיא : changeable vowel in the penultima אֱמוּנָה-faith אֵמוּן ;מְרִימָה-raising

גְדֵרָה-oall גָדֵר וּנְבָלָה-fool נָבָל : penultima

IV. Words with changeable vowels both in the ultima and the

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