3. For a REPEATED, or CONTINUED, or CUSTOMARY ACTION; eg. וְלָקַח דָּוִד אֶת־הַכִּנּוֹר וְנִגֵן when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul David took the harp and played.a 4. For the PRESENT; e.g. D' (Isai. v. 12) and wine is their feast.b 5. For a COMMAND and WISH; e.g. I will stand before thee....... and thou shalt smite the rock (Exod. xvii. 6); my voice is raised to God, and may He hear me (Ps. lxxvii. 2).© xv. 40) that you may remember and do.d Nie ? (Nu. e. g. 7. For a QUESTION involving DOUBT or INDIGNATION; Das 'an)) 'bnb-ny 'a? (1 Sam. xxv. 11) and I should take my bread and give it to them? 8. In the second part of CONDITIONAL SENTENCES, or of proposi אִם תֵּלֵךְ בִּדְרָכַי וְהַאֲרַכְתִּי אֶת־ .tions introduced by conjunctions ; e.g 72 (1 Ki. iii. 14) if thou walkest in My paths, I shall prolong thy days; ' ' (Judg. xvi. 17) if I be shaven, my .Lev. xxv) כִּי־יָמוּךְ אָחִיךָ וְהֶחֱזַקְתָּ בּוֹ ;strength will depart from me 35) if thy brother becomes poor, thou shalt relieve him; hence also verb or adverbial expression which has the force of a first after any הַרְאֵנוּ נָא אֶת־מְבוֹא הָעִיר וְעָשִׂינוּ עִמָּךְ .part of such proposition; e.g ♫ (Judg. i. 24) show us, we pray thee, the entrance into the city, and we will show thee mercy (that is, if thou wilt show us, etc.); DK DAZERİ DİDE (1 Ki. xiii. 31) at my death (when I die) you shall Gen. iii. 5) on the) בְּיוֹם אֲכָלְכֶם מִמֶּנּוּ וְנִפְקְחוּ עֵינֵיכֶם ;.bury me, etc day of your eating thereof your eyes will be opened; (Ex. xvi. 7) in the morning you will see. f 9. The FUTURE preceded by has, of course, generally the meaning of that tense with the conjunction and; e.g. lxiii. 3) and I will tread them, and I will crush them; ! (Isai. and I will be avenged; in (lv. 7) and let him return to the Lord, though sometimes the particle and is not included, as Exodus xiv. 2) speak to the children of) דַבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיָשָׁבוּ Israel that they return.b 10. But frequently indicates, before the future also, mere conNECTION, So that the future, as regards tense and mood, assumes the force which the preceding verb possesses (see No. 1); e.g. 'n MEN! (Isai. lvii. 17) I was wroth and smote him; his roaring is like that of the lion, and he roars and seizes the prey ,Deuteron. xxxii. 1) listen) הַאֲזִינוּ הַשָּׁמַיִם וְתִשְׁמַע הָאָרֶץ ;(29.v) heavens, and let the earth hear.c 11. The future with is especially used for the second part of CONDITIONAL SENTENCES and other PROPOSITIONS WITH CONJUNCTIONS, whether the action lies in the present or in the past, and whether the first part is distinctly stated or merely implied (see No. 8); e. g. Thou dost not desire sacrifice, y else I should offer it (Psa. li. 18); wherefore didst thou flee secretly, I else I should have sent thee away with rejoicing (Genesis xxxi. 27); (Hos. xiv. 10) he who is wise will understand this.d 12. It denotes, further, the CONSEQUENCE, and is to be rendered by so that, in order that; e.g. teach us to number our days, that we may acquire a wise heart (Psa. xc. 12); bui (Exod. iv. 23) let My son go, that he may serve Me; in such cases the shorter forms and those with paragogicum are sometimes used; e.g. (1 Ki. xxi.10) stone him that he die; bring your youngest brother to me, ! (Gen. xlii. 34) that I may know.e Comp. Gen. xli. 33-35; xlix. 25; Exod. xv. 2; xxv. 2; Lev. xxvi. 43; Isai. i. 25, 26; v. 29, 30; xix. 20; Joel ii. 20; Psalm xxii. 28; xc. 17; Job vi. 10; xiii. 27; xxvii. 20—23; Neh. iii. 14; Dan. xi. 4, 16. b Compare ver. 15; i. 24; xii. 3; Num. ix. 2. vi. 18; xlviii. 3; li. 2; lxiii. 3; Prov. d Comp. Jer. ix. 11; Ps. lxix. 33. e Comp. Gen. xxvii. 24; Ex. x. 17; xxiii. 5; Lev. xv. 24; Num. xxii. 19; xxiii. 19; Judg. xvi. 28; 1 Sam. xv. 16; xvii. 44; 1 Kings xxii. 7; Isaiah v. 19; 1.2; liii. 2; lv. 7; Ezek. xx.16; Ps. lv. 13; lxxx. 4; civ. 20. § 97. THE ABSOLUTE INFINITIVE. 1. The infinitive conveys the notion of the verb viewed as a noun, and corresponds, therefore, in many respects, to the Latin gerund. The absolute infinitive may hence be employed when no preposition or governing noun precedes, nor a suffix or a genitive follows; e. g. he understands Disp rejecting the evil and choosing the good (Isai. vii. 16); (i. 17) cease doing evil; (ver. 18) learn doing good.a in 2. It is, further, used if the notion itself involved in the verb is considered of greater importance than the particular tense or person required by a stricter syntax, so that the construction sometimes assumes the character of, singular vagueness and abruptness; e.g. thus saith the Lord they shall eat and leave over (2 Kings en iv. 43); the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat NOĮ VEDNO I will disguise myself and enter into the battle (1 Ki. xxii. 30).b 3. It may, therefore, if following a finite verb, take the grammatical (9 .Eccl. viii) אֶת־כָּל־זֶה רָאִיתִי וְנָתוֹן אֶל־לִבִּי .sense of the latter ; e.g מָרַדְנוּ וְסוֹר מִמִּצְוֹתֶיךָ ;.all this I have seen and I took to heart, etc (Dan. ix. 5) we have rebelled and departed from Thy precepts; (Zechariah xii. 10) and they will mourn and will weep bitterly; (1 Chr. v. 20) they cried and were heard. 4. Emphatically expressing as it does the action itself, it some .Ex) זָכוֹר אֶת־יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת .times has the force of the imperative; e.g xx. 8) remember the Sabbath-day; in (Deut. i. 16) listen; ip? (xxxi. 26) take; i? (xiv. 21) sell; D'72 ¥ (Numbers xxv. 17) attack the Midianites; 7 (Jer. ii. 2) go and call out (see 96. 1).d a Compare Gen. xix. 9; xxxi. 15; Exod. xxxiv. 7; 1 Ki. iii. 26; Isaiah xxx. 19; Jer. vii. 9; xlix. 12; Job ix. 18; xiii. 3. b Comp. 2 Sam. iii. 18; Isai. xx. 2; xxi. 5; xxii. 13; lviii. 6, 7; Jer. iii. 1; vii. 9; xxiii. 14; xxxii. 33; Ezek. i. 14; xxi. 31; xxiii. 30, 46; Hosea iv. 2; Zech. xiv. 12; Mal. ii. 13. c Comp. Gen. xli. 43; Ex. viii. 11; Lev. xxv. 14; Num. xv. 35; xxiv. 17; xxx. 3; Deut. xiv. 21; Josh. ix. 20; Judg. vii. 19; 1 Sam. ii. 28; xxii. 13; xxv. 26, 33; Isaiah xxxvii. 19; Jer. xiv. 5; xix. 13; xxxii. 44; xxxvii. 21; xliv. 19; Ezekiel i. 14; Hab. ii. 15; Hagg. i. 6; Zech. iii. 4; vii. 5; Eccl. ix. 11; Esth. ii. 3; iii. 13; vi. 9; viii. 8; ix. 1, 6, 12, 16-18; Daniel ix. 11; Neh. viii. 8; ix. 8, 13; 1 Chron. xxi. 24; 2 Chron. vii. 3; xxviii. 19. 5. But frequently a finite verb is accompanied by a co-ordinated absolute infinitive, to explain or modify it; e.g. in ink Mix) (Deut. ix. 21) and I crushed it by grinding it; xi. 11) and they smote destroying, or to destruction; T (Joshua 737 (Jer. vii. 13) and I spoke to you rising early and speaking; I shall fulfil all that I have spoken that is, from beginning to end (comp. § 70. 7).a beginning and finishing, 6. If, in such cases, the absolute infinitive belongs to the same root as the finite verb, the inherent significance of the latter is naturally enhanced, since the individual tense or mood is supported by a atriking repetition of the general notion. Now if the infinitive precedes the finite verb, as is more usually the case, it simply adds force and emphasis to the statement, imparting to it the notion of certainty or full extent; e.g. nis (Gen. ii. 17) thou must surely die; ni (iii. 4) you will certainly not die; (Exodus v. 23) thou hast in no way delivered; TAWN TAXI NS (Amos ix. 8) I shall not entirely destroy.b (Num. 1 7. But if the infinitive follows the finite verb, it generally implies In similar instances, a second infinitive frequently carries on the chain of the narrative; e.g. nan x 17") (1 Kings xx. 37) and the man smote him-smiting and wounding, that is, so that he wounded him; iSiON DAZON) (Joel ii. 26) and you will ii. 26) and) אָכוֹל Num. iv. 2, 22; Deut. v. 12; xv. 2; a b Comp. Gen. ii. 16; xix. 9; xxvii. |