(g.) The dimensions of Length, Breadth, and Height, and the Quantity; e.g. shall fine him (Ezek. xli. 22) three cubits high; (Gen. vii. 20) fifteen cubits above; they a hundred shekels of silver (Deut. xxii. 19). On the verbs construed with the accusative, see § 102. 5. The prefix ?, which usually marks the dative case, is employed in many instances which would regularly require the accusative, so that, the nearer and the remoter object seem to be confounded; e. g. (Lev. xix. 18) and thou shalt love thy neighbour; לרעי ? (2 Sam. iii. 30) they killed Abner (comp. Job v.2); y ma (Ps. cxxxix. 2) Thou understandest my thought; (1 Sam. xx. 30) Thou choosest the son of Jesse; (2 Ki. viii.6) and he asked the woman; or in Piel and Hiphil, as 777 לַיהוָה לְהַחֲיוֹת לָכֶם ; xiv. 3) to procure thee rest) הָנִיחַ לְךְ ; justify many (Ps. xxxiv. 4) extol the Lord; 'P' (Isaiah liii. 11) he will (Gen. xlv. 7) to save your lives; (Jon. iv. 6) to deliver him; and to ?, in to teach (Isai. xxxviii. 19; Job xxi. 22);, y to mock (Ps. xxii. 8; Prov. and 7 to heal.(2 Ki. ii. 21; iv. 27); to destroy (Num. xxxii. 15); send (Ezra viii. 16; 2 Chr. xvii. 7); and various other verbs.2 6. Many verbs implying,motion are followed by the dative of the personal pronoun (2, 77, 77, etc.), apparently without modification of the sense; e.g. (Num. xxii. 34) I will return; '78 or אל (Cant. iv. 6; Jer. v. 5) I will go ; (Josh. vii. 10) rise; (Genesis xxvii. 43) escape; 2. xxiv. 13; Isai. ix. 3; Jer. xxviii. 16; Hos. ii. 17, Ps. cxix. 62; Job xxxiv. 20; see also §§ 69. 3, 2; 70. 8, Comp. Gen. xxix. 13; 1. 17; Lev. xii. 7; Num. x. 25; Judg. vii. 2; Isai. xi. 9; xxxvi. 14; Ezek. xxvi. 3; Hos. xi.3; Mal. ii. 12; Ps. cxxxv. 11; Prov. (Cant. i. 8) go forth; 77 ix. 7, 8; xix. 25; Job xii. 23; xxi. 22; b Analogous to the deponent verbs (Exod. xviii. 27;, Cant. ii. 11) he went away ; xxxi. 8) and he fled; (v. 27) return; Isaiah) וְנָס לוֹ שׁוּבוּ לָכֶם 1 (Deut. ii. 13) pass oper; 17 (Ps. lxvi. 7) they rise; in (Psa. The same is more seldom the case with other (Gen. xxi, 16) and she sat down; (Ps. cxx. 6) she has dwelt; 77 (Cant. ii. 17) resemble; 171 (Ezek. xxxvii. 11) we are lost.b (Gen. xxiv. 6) take heed; (2 Chron. xxv. 16) forbear; 7. Sometimes the dative of the personal pronoun is added to verbs simply to indicate a near relation, generally of affection, with the person concerned; e.g. God is my rescuer; ;o ya (1 Ki. i. 28, 32) call me Bathsheba; who are these ?d (Gen. xxxiii. 5) 8. The dative joined with the auxiliary verb to be, may naturally signify to have or to possess; e. g. 77 i? (Gen. xiii. 5) Abraham had sheep and oxen; he had; and hence even without .Chron 1) לְךְ הַגְדְלָה ; Gen. xlvii. 5) they are mine) לִי הֵם as הָיָה xxix. 11) Thine is the greatness; form; i5 (Isai. liii. 2) he had no (Gen. xxxix. 5) all that he possessed. 9. The principal meanings of the particle?, as far as they are connected with the nature of the dative, are— (a.) for; e.g. Donnin (Exodus xiv. 14, 25) the Lord will fight for you. לוֹ (b.) concerning, on, or about; e. g. the dreams which he had dreamt D concerning them (Gen. xlii. 9; comp. xx. 13); D (Jer. xxii. 10) they will mourn for him (comp. Ps. xci. 11). (c.) with regard to; e.g. like heaven xxiv. 10; comp. Gen. xli. 19). in clearness (Exodus (d.) to, towards, after, almost like; e.g. D WHY MINDY (Ps. xlii. 3) my soul thirsts after God. Isai. lv. 5) on account of) לִקְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל .e.) on account of; e.g) לְמַעַן the Holy One of Israel, equivalent to לְדָוִד xxiv. 1), or simply) לְדָוִד מִזְמֹר Ps. iii. 1), or) מִזְמֹר לְדָוִד .9 .6 (f) of, or by, denoting the author of some work or composition; (xi. 1) a song of David (comp. xc. 1; Hab. iii. 1, etc.); hence— (9.) of, for the, genitive in general, if a proper noun, or implying a עֲבָדִים לְשָׁאוּל ; Num. xxii. 4) king of Moab) מֶלֶךְ לְמוֹאָב .person; e.g (1 Samuel xvii. 8) servants of Saul; P (Isaiah xxvi. 7) the path of the righteous,a especially if another genitive follows; e.g. ; Kings v. 9) the door of the house of Elisha 2) פֶּתַח הַבַּיִת לֶאֱלִישָׁע Ps. cxxii. 5) the thrones of the house of David; and) כִּסְאוֹת לְבֵית דָּוִד .Ps) מִסְפָּר לַכּוֹכָבִים .9 .occasionally also before an appellative noun ; e מֶלֶךְ לָעִיר ;cxlvii. (2 Ki. xix. 13) the king cxlvii. 4) the number of the stars; 7? of the town.b בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם לַחֹדֶשׁ .of, in the statement of dates ; e.g (.) (Gen. vii. 10) on the seventeenth day of the month. (i.) by, describing the author of an action in connection with the passive;d e.g. 2 DAN D' (1 Sam. xxiii. 21) be blessed by the N (Ex. xii. 16) it shall be eaten by every person; Lord; (1 Chr. xxviii. 9) He will be found by thee. EXERCISE XCIX. e § 87. THE GENITIVE AND THE CONSTRUCT STATE. 1. The construct state commonly introduces the simple possessive case, or the genitivus subjectivus; e.g. ' ' the house of my father; ,the zeal of the Lord קִנְאַת יְהוָה ; the king of Assyria מֶלֶךְ אַשׁוּר .the gates of justice שַׁעֲרֵי צֶדֶק 2. But frequently it includes an action either proceeding from the following noun or directed upon it, and then introduces what is termed the genitivus objectivus; thus (Isai. i. 7) which is literally the destruction of strangers, may be either the destruction caused by strangers, or the destruction inflicted upon strangers; ,Isai.iii. 4) is either the plunder committed by, or exercised against) הֶעָנִי יִרְאַת יְהוָה the poor; and similar instances of genitivus objectious are (Prov. i. 7) fear of God; ' (Prov. xx. 2) awe of the king; Gen. xviii. 20) the cry) זַעֲקַת סְדֹם וַעֲמֹרָה ;fear of man חֶרְדַּת אָדָם against Sodom and Gomorrah; ? by (Deut. xxxii. 19) anger at his sons; Don (Judg. ix. 24) violence against the sons of Jerubbaal; (2 Samuel iv. 4) the report concerning Saul.a Such constructions are the more natural, the more the first noun has retained the force of the verb from which it is derived. 3. As suffixes of nouns have the power and value of genitives, they are employed both in the sense of the genitivus subjectivus and objectivus; e.g. ' is my prayer and the prayer addressed to me;b thy fear and the fear inspired by thee; my oath and the oath sworn to me ;d my violence and the violence committed against me ;o 777thy vows and the vows offered to thee;fin (Gen. 1. 4) the weeping for him; in (Ps. lxvi. 2) the praise bestowed upon him; ♫a? (Hos. xi 7) revolt from me. 4. Thus the construct state indicates a variety of relations, which in modern languages are generally expressed by prepositions; e.g. for thy seed; pipe (Num. xxxii. 1) a place for cattle; rain מְטַר זַרְעֲךָ ;Ki. xii. 7) those who eat of thy table 1) אֹכְלֵי שְׁלְחָנֶךָ נַחֲלַת אָבוֹת ;Isai. liii. 5) correction for the sake of our peace) שְׁלמְנוּ (Prov. xix. 14) inheritance from the fathers; "777 (Genesis iii. 24) the way to the tree of life; (Job xxiv. 13) those who rebel against the light; p (Gen. xvii. 12) acquisition by silver; (1 Sam. xvi. 20) an ass (laden) with bread; (Lev. xxvi. 45) the covenant with the ancestors. ? 5. This is especially the case if the construct state is a passive participle, and the dependent genitive implies the object or person from which the action proceeds; e. g. x niby (Isai. i. 7) burnt by fire;? (Deut. xxxii. 24) consumed by pestilence; D (Ps. xxii. 6) despised by, the people; i' (Gen. xxxi. 26) seized בְּרוּךְ יְהוָה ; Job xiv. 1) born of a woman) יְלוּד אִשָּׁה ;by the sword (Gen. xxiv. 31) blessed by the Lord; (Isai. liii. 4) stricken a Comp. Josh. ii. 17; Gen. xxiv. 8. • Comp. Ps. vii. 17; Jer. li. 35. d b Comp. Ps. iv. 2; Isai. lvi. 7. Comp. Deut. xii. 17; Ps. lvi. 13. * Comp. Gen. xxi. 14; Josh. ix. 4; Isaiah xxxiv. 5; li. 20; Jer. vi. 28; 1. 28; Ezek. xxxv. 5; Ps, xxxv. 16. |