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and My righteousness shall not cease. 5. When thou buildest (fut.) a new house, thou shalt make a battlement to thy roof, lest any one () fall (fut.) from (1) it. 6. Hide Thy face from my sin, and blot out all my iniquities. 7. Who can say (fut.), I have made my heart clean, I am pure from my sin? 8. There is no righteous man on earth who does (fut.) only good, and sins (fut.) not. 9. All hands will be faint, and the heart of every man will melt. 10. The Lord wounds (fut.) and binds up, He strikes and His hands heal. 11. I have blotted out thy trangressions like a mist, and thy sins like a cloud; return to Me, for I have redeemed Thee. 12. I shall make thy seed like the dust of the earth, so that if (D) a man can (fut.) number the dust of the earth, then thy seed also will be numbered. 13. The Lord will not annihilate the righteous with the wicked. 14. If the Lord does not build (fut.) the house, its builders toil in vain at (?) it. 15. God has opened my ear, and I was not rebellious; I have not turned back.

§ 68. IX.-VERBS IRREGULAR IN TWO OR MORE

RESPECTS.

Many verbs belong at the same time to two or more of the irregular classes explained in the preceding sections (§§ 57-67). The following combinations occur:

I. Verbs with gutturals which are at the same time

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• The verbs of this and the following | that is, verbs with a weak letter both

class are termed by Hebrew Gramma

rians

as first and last radical.

resting at both ends,

VIII. Verbs and at the same time, e.g. to oppress.

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.to vomit קיא or קוא .e.g,לא to שָׁוָה, to live חָיָה .e.gליה

be equal.

Now the conjugation of these verbs merely unites the peculiarities of the respective classes to which they belong, and offers, therefore, no difficulty, if the general rules are well understood. Occasionally examples have already been given where the deviations are simple and obvious. There are, however, a few combinations, not permitting the complex anomalies of their various classes; e. g. the future Kal of to rest, cannot be formed both after the analogy of the verbs " and "y, or that of DD both in the manner of the verbs JD and y'y. For similar reasons, as well as for the sake of more convenient reference, a list of the chief forms of doubly irregular verbs is subjoined.

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, etc.; infinitive and imperative,, etc.;

.שמם etc.; the other forms are like those of ,תְּחַל אֲחַל future

to separate-Kal, pasti, i, etc.; imperat.,b, etc.; future, an, etc., and 8,, etc.; Niphal,

; הִבָּרֶינָה הִבָּרוּ, הִבָּרִי etc.; imperative נְבָרוֹתָ נְבָרוֹתִי past ,הֲבֵרוֹתִי Hiphil, past ; יִבָּרוּ תִּבָּרֶינָה תִּבָּרוּ תִּבָּרִי future תָּבֵרִי future ;הֲבֵרֶינָה הָבֵרוּ הָבֵרִי etc.; imperative הֲבֵרוֹתָ etc.; the ,תּוּבָרִי etc.; future הוּבָרוֹתִי etc.; Hophal תָּבֵרוּ .שמם other forms like

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to lead - Kal, future, bn, etc.; Hiphil, past vabnan, Sınan, Snan, bn, b, etc. (see § 63. 4).

y to touch-Kal, infinitive absolute i, construct y; future

,הגעת Hiphil, past ;נָגוּעַ,נוֹגֵעַ etc.; participle ,תִּגַּע אֶגֶע ;אַגִּיעַ future ;הַגַּע and הַגִּיע infinitive and imperative ; הִגִּיעַ

3.

4.

participle ; Hophal, past nya (comp. 7D, § 63. 3).

to appoint, and to know, see § 64. 17.

to consent-Niphal, infinitive and imperative ni, nisa, etc.; future niNN, NINA, etc. (comp. § 65. 6).

to breathe-Kal, infinitive and D, imperative,

-etc.; par ,(וַיָּפָה instead of) וַיָּפַח אָפוּחַ etc.; future ,פּוּחִי

ticiple passive; Niphal, pasti, infinitive and imperative, future ID, participle ; Hiphil, past ', constr. infinitive ', absol. infinitive and imperat.

'; Polel, past Annie, nie, etc.; Polal, past

ni,

participle ,(וַיָּפֶח instead of) וַיָּפַח אָפִיחַ etc., future ,הָפַחַ

.etc ,פּוֹחֲחָה

,חֲבֹא .infinitive and imperat ,חֲבָאתֶם to hide - Kal, past חָבָא .5 נֶחְבֵּאתִי or נֶחֱבֵאתִי Niphal, past ; אֶחֱבָא etc., future ,הִבְאִי

infinitive and imperative, future ; Hiphil, past

הָחִבֵּאתִי or הָחָבֵאתִי Hophal, past ; הֶחְבֵּאתִי or הֶחָבֵאתִי ,תִּמְחֲאוּ תִּמְחֲאִי future ,מָחֲאוּ מָחֲנָה to strike-Kal, past מָחָא ,הִמָּחֲאִי imperative נִמְחֲאוּ נִמְחֲאָה Niphal, past ; יִמְחֲאוּ ; מִחֵאתִי or מֵרֵאתִי etc.; Piel, past ,תִּמָּחֲאִי future ,הִמָּחֲאוּ or הִתְמָרֵאתִי Hithpael, past ;מְרֵאתִי or מֹחַאתִי Pual התְמַּחֲאתִי

6. ny to rise-Kal, past, by, infinit. and imperat. by, by, etc., future, y, etc.;, Niphal, past, infinit.

,Hiphil ;אַעֲלֶה future הֵעָלֵה imperative הֵעָלוֹת and נֶעֶלָה future הָעֲלֵיתִי Hophal, past ;אַעֲלֶה future הֶעֶלֵיתִי past אָעָלֶה

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y

II. to move. Of this description of verbs we find, besides 77, to bore, and DD to lift up; and they follow either the

only
verbs

or the verbs Yy (see supra); thus 77 has the forms 1773, 77, 77, in the manner of the verbs J'; and 17)',

Possible forms are 'ni, ni (past Kal), 79, 79 (imperat.

ע"ע after the analogy of the verbs ,תִּתְנוֹדֵד הִתְנוֹדְדָה נוֹדֵד

.fut. Kal), etc) תּוֹד אֶנד or תָּנוֹד אָנוֹד,(Kal

III. to lament, is the only verb of this kind which occurs, and

it is conjugated exclusively as a verb, ", the past of Hiphil

the future הֵילִילוּ הֵילִילִי הֵילֵל the imperative הֵילִיל being

(Mic. i. 8), or with an anomalous change of vowels

Sibir, Sibu, etc.

IV. D to flee is inflected entirely like a verb y; for the future

etc.; and הֵנִיס etc., the past of Hiphil ,תָּנוּס אָנוּס of Kal is נוף נוּעַנוּם נוּחַנוּד, נוב so all the verbs of this class, as

V. No to bear—Kal, constr. infin. Ni, imperat. N, future NWN, , etc.; Niphal, past, partic. N; Hiphil, past

הָטָאתִי Hophal, past ;אַשִׂיא future הִשָּׂאתִי

VI. to bend—Kal (constr. infin. Mi, imperat. ), future by, no, no, etc., or with

Niphal, past, partic.

apocopated DN, DA, Di, b);

; Hiphil, past '', future

78, 79, etc., or with apocopated DN, DA, DI, D).

VII. Y to go out- Kal, future NYN (for NYN); Hiphil, past

VIII. to oppress —(Kal, future

or ; Niphal, past

future הוּצֵאתִי etc.; Hophal, past ,אוֹצִיא future,הוֹצֵאתִי

מוּצָא participle ,אוּצָא

,הוּנִיתִי Hophal, past ;אוֹנֶה future ,הוֹנִיתִי Hiphil, past ;(נוֹנִיתִי אוּנֶה future

קוּא

,Hiphil ;(אֶפּוֹא future ,נְקוּאֹתִי Niphal, past ; אָקִיא or אָקוּא אָקִיא future הֲקִיאֹתִי past

IX. NP or P to vomit out- Kal, past NP, NP, etc. (future

X. to live, to be equal-are treated simply as verbs,

the and possessing the force of consonants, as, ņa,

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Some verbs are irregular in a threefold respect. Though their conjugation is in most cases easily reducible to one of the classes already described, it may prove useful to insert a list of the normal forms derived from such verbs without additional anomaly, and actually found in the Hebrew Scriptures.

XI. 1. to curse-Kal, pasti, imperative ; future 18

יוּאָר Pual, future ;מְאָרְרִים Piel, participle ;תָּאֵר אָאֹר

2. yy to be evil-Kal, past, infinitive, imperative, y♫, y; Niphal, future yi; Hiphil, past, y,

vvi¬nn?.

Hithpolel ;מֵרַע participle ,אָרַע future הָרֵעַ infinitive הֵרֵעוּ לְהִתְרוֹעֵעַ הִתְרוֹעֲעָה

רְאוֹת רָאֹה .etc., infin ,רָאִיתָ רָאִיתִי to see -Kal, past רָאָה .1 .XII ;רֹאֶה .etc., partic ,תִּרְאֶה אֶרְאֶה etc., future רְאֵה .imperat

TI"

Niphal, past, infinit. 8, future, etc., fut. apoc. NT; Pual ; Hiphil, past ',, future

.partic הָרְאָה הָרְאֵיתָ etc.; Hophal, past תַּרְאֶה אַרְאֶה יִתְרָאוּ תִּתְרָאוּ נִתְרָאֶה Hithpael, future ;מָרְאָה

אָרוּ אָרִיתִי to pluck of Kal, past אָרָה .2

תַּהַר future ,הָרה .etc., infin ,הָרִיתִי to conceive-Kal, past הָרָה .3 הרָה Hophal, past ;תַּחֲרֶינָה תַּהֲרוּ

,Hiphil ;יְחַר or יֶחֱרֶה future ,חָרה .to burn - Kal, infinit חָרָה 4 תִּתְחַר Hithpael, future ;הֶחֶרֶה past

TT

5. to be bare-Niphal, future ; Piel, past, infinit.

; הֶעֶרָה Hiphil, past ;יְעֶרֶה future עָרוּ imperative ,עָרוֹת

Hithpael, future "n

.imperat ,רְעות infinitive רָעוּ רְעֵיתֶם to pasture-Kal, past רָעָה .6 ,Hiphil ;רֵעָה Piel, past ;רֹעֶה participle ,אֶרְעֶה future רָעָה

future ; Hithpael, future y

יָרִיחַ אָרִיחַ future הָרִיחַ .to breathe-Hiphil, infin רוּחַ .1 .XIII יָרַח and

,Polal ;יָרַע and יָרִיעַ הֵרִיעוּ הֲרִיעֹתֶם to be evil-Hiphil, past רוע .2

fut. yy; Hithpolel, imperat. ', fut. yyny, wyn

XIV. 1. to wail-Kal, imperat. ; Niphal, future

,אַנְחֶה future הִנְחָה Hiphil, past ; נָחִיתָ to lead-Kal, past נָחָה .2 .etc ,תַּנְחֶה

,Hophal ;מֵנִיחַ participle ,אָנִיחַ future הָנִיחַ .infinit הֵנִיחֹתִי אוּנָה future

XV. ♫ to rest—Kal, past '♬ņa, na, ni, ; Hiphil, past

XVI. to vibrate-Hiphil, past, future N

,יְרָא .imperat ,יְרָא .infin יָרֵאתִי to fear-Kal, past יָרֵא .XVII

future NT; Niphal, past, future ; Piel, past

"T:

XVIII. to throw - Kal, past, imperative ; Hiphil,

TT

מְיָרֵא participle יִרְאוּ

מוֹרֶה participle ,אוֹרֶה future הורות .infin,הוֹרֵיתִי past

Write down:

EXERCISE LXXVIII.

1. The future Kal of to wish (see § 58). 2. The apocopated future Hithpael of to desire. 3. The past Niphal of to be, to become. 4. The future Kal of to hum. 5. The past Hophal of to conceive. 6. The past Piel of to scatter. 7. The past Niphal of to be infirm. 8. The imperative Kal of to incline. 9. The second person plural of the future Kal with suffixes of p

.to הָרָה of

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