ACC

Adida, a hill-town overlooking the plains
of Joppa, 332 sq.

Adonai, substitution of, for the name Jah-
veh, 198

Adôra, south-west of Hebron, Tryphon

marches to, 333 sq.; subdued by John
Hyrcanus, 350

Adramyttium, Judeans in, 239
Agrippa, friendship of Herod with, 436
Agrippias, formerly Anthêdon, restored
by Herod, 431
Ahasuerus, king, 230 note 3

Ahava, river, rendezvous appointed by
Ezra on the, 137

Ahura-Mazdâo, the supreme deity of the
Persians, 39, 48 note 3
Alcimus, appointed high-priest by Lysias,

319; repairs to the court of Demetrius,
ibid.; returns to Jerusalem with Bac-
chides, 320; again seeks assistance from
the Syrians, 321 sq.; his intended
changes in the temple, and death, 325
Alema, captured by Judas Maccabæus,
314

Alexander, story of his conquest of Darius

and advance against Jerusalem, 214

ALE

sq.; his treatment of the Samaritans,
215, 248 note 1, 353; his expedition,
221; said to have made Samaria tribu-
tary to Jerusalem, 228; influence of
his conquests in Palestine, 235 sq.;
employs Samaritan and Judean soldiers,
237; view of his history in 1 Macc., 464
Alexander Balas, nominal son of Antio-
chus Epiphanes, establishes himself in
Ptolemais, 327; makes Jonathan high-
priest, ibid.; compelled to quit Ptole-
mais, 329; perishes in Arabia, 330
Alexander Jannæus, son of John Hyr-
canus, becomes king, 386; campaigns
in the early part of his reign, 387 sqq.;
his cruelty to the people, 389; rebel-
lion against him, ibid.; victory over the
Pharisees, 390; his successes in the
east, 391; his death, 392
Alexander Zebina, sent to Syria by
Ptolemy Physcon, 352

Alexander, son of Aristobulus, campaign
against the Romans, 402; executed by
Pompey, 404

Alexander, son of Mariamne, 438; mar-
ried to Glaphyra, 439; designated one
of Herod's successors, 440; charged
with intending to flee to Archelaus,
443; executed at Samaria, 444; ap-
pearance of a pretender bearing his
name, 455 sq.; said to have appeared
to Glaphyra in a dream, 458
Alexandra (also called Salômê), widow
of Alexander Jannæus, 392; becomes
queen, 393; and reigns for nine years,
ibid.
Alexandra, daughter of Hyrcanus, and
mother of Mariamne, 408; applies to
Cleopatra to secure the high-priesthood
for her son, 424; imprisoned by Herod,
425; her plans for flight defeated,
427; executed, 428 sq.
Alexandreum, a fortress north-east of
Jerusalem built by Alexander Jan-
næus, 382, 394; Aristobulus in the,
399; occupied by Alexander, 402; re-
stored by Aristobulus, 403; and by

ALE

Herod, 414; Mariamne shut up there,
427; refitted by Herod, 435
Alexandria, Judeans and Samaritans in,
238, 240 sqq., 249 sqq., 354 sqq., 469
sq., 480
Alexandrian philosophy, influence of, on
the author of the Wisdom of Solomon,
480 note 1

Alexas, an officer of Herod, marries Sa-
lômê, 445; action after Herod's death,
449

Allegory, application of, to the Old Testa-
ment, 257 sqq., 490

Amath or Amathûs, east of the Jordan,
besieged by Alexander Jannæus, 388;
reduced, 389; made the centre of a
distriet, 403; palace of Herod in, 436
note 1

Ammonites, the, 153; campaigns of Judas
Maccabæus against, 313

Amri, a tribe residing at Mêdebâ, 324
Anahita, worship of, among the Persians,
40 note 2

Ananel, made high-priest by Herod, 423 sq.
Ananias, son of Onias, an Egyptian-Ju-

dean officer, 357; assists Alexander
Jannæus, 388

Andronicus, governor of Syria under An-
tiochus Epiphanes, 295
Andronicus, son of Messalam, a Judean
disputant in Alexandria, 354
Anthêdon, a city on the coast south of
Gaza, 236; captured by Alexander
Jannæus, 388; restored by Herod, 431
Antigonus, of Socho, successor of Simon
I., 275

Antigonus, son of John Hyrcanus, besieges
Samaria, 353; position after his father's
death, 385; put to death by his
brother Aristobulus, 386

Antigonus, son of Aristobulus, 402; es-
capes with him from Rome, 403; takes
refuge with Ptolemæus, 404; brought
back by him, 408; with the aid of the
Parthians enters Jerusalem, 411; as-
sumes the high-priesthood, 412; be-
sieges Machærûs, 413; defeated at
what was afterwards the Herodium,
414, 435; sends an embassy to Ma-
chæras, 415, and an army against
Pappus, ibid.; gives himself up to
Sosius, and is executed at Antioch, 416
Antioch, Judeans in, 237, 239, 241; Herod
accompanies Octavian to, 427

Antiochus Theos, marries Berenice, 283
Antiochus the Great, transports Judeans
from Mesopotamia into Lydia and
Phrygia, 238; wars with Egypt, 283;
overruns Palestine, 284; agreement
with Ptolemy Epiphanes, ibid.; cam-
paign in Babylonia, 285; conquered by
the Romans, 290; his death, ibid.; his
robberies of temples, 292

APO

Antiochus Epiphanes, son of Antiochus
the Great, 293; his early years as a
hostage in Rome, ibid.; designates
himself 0eós, 293 note 4; visits Jeru-
salem, 295; and punishes it, 296;
boasts of having exterminated the deity
of the Judeans, 299; retreats out of
Egypt, 303; marches against the coun-
tries of the north-east, 310; his death,
315 sq.

Antiochus Eupator, son of Antiochus Epi-

phanes, crowned by Lysias, 316; cam-
paign with Lysias, 317; is put to
death, 319

Antiochus the younger, son of Alexander
Balas, proclaimed king by Tryphon,
331; and executed by him, 334
Antiochus Sidêtês, becomes king of Syria,
338; besieges Jerusalem, 343 sq.; named
Eusebes, 344; is killed in the Parthian
campaign, 345

Antiochus Grypus, son of Antiochus of
Sidê, 364

Antiochus Cyzicenus, called in by the
Samaritans, 353; opposed by two sons
of John Hyrcanus, 384

Antiochus Dionysus, one of the last of
the Selucidæ, opposes Alexander Jan-
næus, 391

Antipater, son of Jason, sent by Jonathan
as ambassador to Rome, 332
Antipater, an Idumean, 396; his family,
397; devotes himself to Hyrcanus,
ibid.; wins over the Egyptian-Judean
troops, 403; collects aid for Cassius,
407; is murdered, 408
Antipater, eldest son of Herod, 439;
sent to the court of Augustus, 440;
intrigues against his brothers, 442 sq.;
further intrigues, 445 sq.; recalled
from Rome and arrested, 447; executed,
448

Antipater, son of Salômê, denounces Ar-
chelaus, 451

Antipatris, a fortress built by Herod, 431
note 6, 435

Antonia, formerly the Baris, refortified by
Herod, 430, 435

Antony, his arrival in Palestine, 410; his
friendship with Herod, ibid.; quits
Syria, 411; favours Herod at Rome,
413; and at Samosata, 415; desires
Herod to send him Aristobulus, 425;
summons Herod before him, 425; his
war with Octavian, ibid.; defeated at
Actium, 426

Aphærema, a Samaritan district attached
to Judah, 228

Apollonia, a city on the coast, 236
Apollonius, son of Thrasæus, commander
of the Syrian forces in Southern Syria,
under Seleucus Philopator, 292; under
Antiochus Epiphanes captures Jerusa

APO

lem, 298; defeated and slain by Judas
Maccabæus, 309

Apollonius, governor of Central Syria, de-
feated by Jonathan, 329

Arabia, Israelites in, 4; Jews residing there
after Christ, 4 note 7; Judeans in, 240;
Arabian districts ceded to Cleopatra,
425

Aramaic language, the, in use in the new
Jerusalem, 130; and in Galilee, 181, 183
Aramaic-Semitic, or square character, 132
note 2, 497

Arbêla, in Galilee, robbers vanquished at,
by Herod, 414

Archelais, a city built by Archelaus, 456
Archelaus, a Cappadocian king, 439, 443

sq.; reconciles Herod with his sons, 442
Archelaus, son of Herod by Malthacê, his
successor on the throne, 449; exercises
royal powers provisionally, 450; intri-
gues at Rome, 451; taxes paid by him
to Augustus, 455; married to Gla-
phyra, 458; banished to Vienne, 456
Archelaus, ambassador at Rome of Arche-
laus, son of Herod, 456

Areius, king of Sparta, sends an ambas-
sador to Jerusalem, 245
Areopolis, the ancient Ar-Moab, 236
Aretas, king of the Nabateans, 390; his

treaty with Alexander Jannæus, 391;
compact with Hyrcanus II., 397
Aretas, an Arabian king, son of Obodas,

442; assists the Romans with troops, 453
Arethusa, a city in the interior of Pales-
tine, 237

Aristeas, or Aristæus, book of, 249, 252,

256, 259, 271, 432 note 1, 472
Aristobulus, author of Explanations of
the Mosaic Law,' 259, 357; teacher of
Ptolemy Philomêtor, 488
Aristobulus, son of John Hyrcanus, be-
sieges Samaria, 353; becomes high-
priest and king, 385; his death, 386
Aristobulus, son of Alexander Jannæus,
393; collects an army and captures
fortresses, 394; victory at Jericho, 395;
his compact with Hyrcanus II., 396;
defeated by Aretas, 397; and besieged
in Jerusalem, 398; Scaurus decides in
his behalf, 398; defeats the Arabian
army, ibid.; presents Pompey with a
golden vine, ibid.; arrested by Pom-
pey, 399; duration of his reign, 401
note 1; carried to Rome, 402; escapes,
403; again taken prisoner, ibid.; set
free by Cæsar, 404; his death, ibid.
Aristobulus, brother of Mariamne, made

high-priest by Herod, 424; and stran-
gled at Jericho, 424 sq.

Aristobulus, son of Mariamne, 438;
marries Berenice, 439; designated one
of Herod's successors, 440; and exe-
cuted at Samaria, 444

BAB

Aristotle, his allusion to the Judeans, 247
Ark of the Covenant, the, not restored,
171; traditions of, ibid. note 2
Armenia, Judeans in, 393 note 3
Artashashta, or the Pseudo-Magian
Smerdis, 105

Artaxerxes I., his Egypto-Persian wars,
148 note 3; his death, 160
Artaxerxes II. (Mnemon), 206
Artaxerxes III. (Ochus), 206
Arûs, a city near Samaria, 453
Asaph, appointed over the king's park,'
150 note 3

Ascalon, reduced by Jonathan, 329; oc-
cupied by Simon, 332; Antipater settles
in, 397; palace of Herod at, 436 note 1;
castle of, added by Augustus to Sa-
lômê's domains, 455

Ascension of Moses,' the, 479, 496, 498
Ashdod, laid waste by Judas Maccabæus,
315; reduced by Jonathan, 329; set
on fire by Johanan, 339; bequeathed
by Herod to Salômê, 450

Asia Minor, Judeans in, 239
Asmodeus, name of an evil spirit, 209

note 3

Asmoneans, the, 306 sqq.; origin of the
name, 307 note 1

Asôchis, near Ptolemais, attacked by
Ptolemy Lathârus, 387

Assembly, the popular, 87; meets to con-
sider the question of mixed marriages,
142; held in the temple B.C. 141,
336

Assembly, the Great, traditions of, 168

sqq.
Atargateum, the, near Karnâim, destroyed
by Judas Maccabæus, 314
Atbash, use of the, 190

Athenians, the, decree honours to Hyr-
canus, 405

Athenio, an Egyptian general, 426
Athronges, heads an insurrection in Judea
against Archelaus, 453

Augustus, conditions of Herod's vassal-
ship to, 427 note 3; friendship of
Herod with, 436; reconciles Herod and
his sons, 440; his advice to Herod, 443
sq.; Herod's bequests to, 450; delays
confirming Herod's will, 451. See
Octavian

Autonomy, demanded by the Judeans,

455

Azariah, an officer of Judas Maccabæus,
defeated near Jabneh, 315

Azôth, mountain of, near Beer-Zath, 323

Babas, the sons of, espouse the cause of
Antigonus, 416; removed by Costobar
out of Herod's reach, 423; and exe-
cuted, 429

Babylon, first prophetic announcement of