Reader in Public Opinion and Communication: Supplement

1948 presidential election adequate alternatives American analysis answers anti-Semites area sampling asked attitudes average error bias biased sample biases campaign cent chance characteristics check lists complex Democratic direct discussion disparate individuals election forecasts estimates example experience express fact factors favor Frank Stanton functional groups Gallup important included influence inter interest interpretation intervening variables investigation issue Lazarsfeld Mass-Observation means measure ment Negroes object observations obtained OI's operationalist organization panel study panel technique Paul Lazarsfeld people's percentage persons population possible pre-election poll pre-listing predictions present presidential problem procedure psychological public opinion polling public opinion research questionnaire questionnaire construction quota method random readers reliability represent Republican respondent respondent's sample design sampling error sampling methods situation social science society specific statistical survey director tion total number undecided views voters voting intentions Wilbur Schramm Wilhelm Bauer women words