A very different order of dreams is that (already mentioned on the great scale-like "The Pilgrim's Progress") in which an essayist, when healing with philosophical ideas, supposes himself to fall asleep in his meditations, and to behold the ideas, in mimic dramatic guise, rise up and perform a little dumb show. Addison closes his series of essays on Wit" in this way,* introducing the device by an explanation that "it is very hard for the mind to disengage itself from a subject in which it has been long employed. It is to this that I impute my last night's dream or vision, which formed into one continued allegory the several schemes of wit, whether false, mixed or true, that have been the subject of my late papers. Methought I was transported into a country that was filled with prodigies and enchantments, governed by the goddess of Falsehood, and entitled the Region of False Wit." He then presents a fantasy that would be intolerable as hard fact, but which, in the form of a dream, composes an illuminating illustration. Lamb has written one or two essays in the same vein, neither true dreams nor pure allegories, but burlesques. In "A Vision of Horns" he supposes that men have horns growing out of their foreheads, and offers plausible reasons to account for their rich variety. In "The Child Angel: A Dream," *“The Spectator," Nos. 58, 59, 60 and 63. he pretends to have gone to bed one night with his head full of speculations upon "The Loves of the Angels," a book he had been reading. Transported in a dream to a celestial region, he there encountered a Child-Angel, dressed in swaddlingclothes; budding wings appeared on its white shoulders; and, as the years rolled by in myriads (for "in dreams Time is nothing "), the ChildAngel continued unchanged, refusing like Peter Pan to grow up, and became Tutelar Genius of Children on Earth. This, of course, in no way ends the different methods in which dreams are employed as a device or as a subject in literature; but it is sufficient to show what an important place the dream occupies, and how ill could be replaced. The subject could be indefinitely extended by taking into account rites, customs, and myths, connected with the dream idea, and showing how far the human imagination in those aspects is dependent on the dream process for obtaining its sustenance. But here we will call a halt. The old dream devices will be used again and again in the future, for they are permanent and flexible; dreams will again be the motive for stories and the excuse for fantasies; but, above all, great advances will yet be made in our conception of the dream and its functions, and then literature will faithfully reflect them, and use them for purposes of her own. As long as literature exists, so long will dreams remain a portion of its machinery as well as a subject in itself. THE END INDEX ABERCROMBIE, Dr., examples of dreams by, 94. Addison, on supersititions, 76, 77; dream generation in vein of, Esculapius, cures by, 62; oracles dedicated to, 60, 61. Agrippa, Cornelius, on origin of dreams, 83. Albertus, on origin of dreams, 83. Alcohol, influence of, on dreams, 94. Angels, as dream-conveyors, 30. Animals, dreams of, 9. Ankaras, war oracle of, 65. Anthony, Saint, 180. Arctic explorers, dreams of, 171. VAristotle, on dreams, 45, 46, 83, 100. Arizona, Indians of, and spirits of the dead, 15. Artemidorus, the Oneirocritica of, 69. Aru Islanders, fear of dead souls of, 19. Augustine, Saint, 180. Astrologaster, of Milton, 77. Averroes, on origin of dreams, 83. VAvicen, on origin of dreams, 83. BABYLONIA, divination in, by dreams, 36; oracles of, 60. Bacon, on superstitions, 56, 57. Balzac, Honoré de, 185, 186. Baroro, village of, dream caused panic in, 22. Benson, Mr. A. C., dream-poem of, 221–223. Bergson, definition of dreams by, 99; theory of, 101–105. Blake, hallucinations of, 2. Bovary, Madame, 187. Brontë, Charlotte, opium-dream of, 88; M. Héger in novels of, 190, 191. dreams, 71. Browning, Robert, 190. Byron, 187; Don Juan of, 187, 189. CALPURNIA, in Julius Caesar, 228, 229. Carbon-bisulphide, fumes of, causing dreams, 95. Cat, reflection in looking-glass, 16. Censor, function of, 119, 120. Chaldea, oracles of, 60. Chaucer, on dreams, 23, 235. Choctaws, belief in two spirits of, 26. Cicero, on credulity, 69; dreams according to, 49; origin of dreams, 84-87, 235. Clarence, dream of, 229, 231. Claudian, on dreams, 110. Cleopatra, 223, 224. Clodd, Mr. Edward, on dreams as real experiences, 20. Colored Spots, Bergson's theory of, 101. Compensation, in dreams, 170, 171. Complex, tests for a, 158. Condensation, function in the dream-work, 121, 122. Condillac, speculations in sleep of, 89. Condorcet, problems solved in dreams by, 89. Conscience, dreams not regulated by, 5. Contraries, dreams interpreted by, 70. Cooper, J. Fenimore, 188. Countryman's Counsellor, interpretations in, 78. Cowper, William, devotion to mother, 189. DAKOTA, exorcism of dream of a, 25. Dante, Divine Comedy of, 30, 235. Deaf, the, dreams of, 99. Delphi, oracle of, 60. Delusions, nature of, 2. Democritus, on dreams, 83; theory of the soul of, 27. Descartes, on continuous dreaming, 100. Dickens, Charles, 190, 191. Displacement, function in dreams, 122. Diviners, in Greece, 43. Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, dream-origin of, 213–218. Dodona, oracle of, 48. Dogs, dreams of, 10. Dostoievsky, Feodor, Crime and Punishment of, 231. Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan, 188. Dramatisation, function in the dream-work, 127, 128. Dream, by Byron, 15. Dream Books, Napoleon's, 72-76; principle of, 70; Raphael's, 72, 73; Dream Day, the, 126. Dreams, allegorised, origin of, 131-134; angels as conveyors of, 30; ani- |