water out of my pitcher? It is no Rishi that dwells here, it is a thief and nothing else.' Then Sûrya acknowledged what he had done, and received the full pardon of the other. But his heart was weighed down and full of grief because of his broken vow. Then a youth, one of his followers, coming to him for some business or other bowed down at his feet, as he was accustomed when he came into his presence, but Sûrya Rishi forbad him and said, 'My son ! no more bow down to me, for I am a thief!' To which the youth replied, Upadhyaya! (master) how so!' Then he told the entire circumstances of his case, and demanded that they should punish him as a thief. But they declined to do anything in the matter, and so Sûrya Rishi resolved to give himself up to the king, to be treated as his crime deserved. Then his brother Chandra, hearing that Surya wished to come to his city, sent forth horses and elephants, etc., to conduct him there, and on his approach Chandra bowed down at his feet in reverence. But Surya forbad him

and said, 'I am a thief, come here to be punished, do not pay me reverence!' Then Sûrya told the whole circumstances; on hearing them Chandra was very sorry, but all at once he bethought him of an expedient and said, 'I pass a law that all Rishis may take medicinal herbs and water when they need them.' To this Sûrya replied, Mahârâja! you make this a law now, but it was not so before!' but Chandra replied, 'It has been so from the day I ascended the throne, I have freely permitted all Shamans and Brahmans to take these things, so you have committed no robbery.' Sûrya was still dissatisfied, and at length, at the suggestion of his little cousin who was standing by, Chandra ordered the Rishi to go into his own royal garden, and consider himself as a prisoner. Now by a strange accident after this interview was over, Chandra entirely forgot about his brother being in the garden for six days; after this interval the recollection of the fact came back, and he hurriedly inquired of his ministers whether the Rishi had gone or not? Hearing that he had not gone, he immediately gave orders that all the culprits in his kingdom who were suffering imprisonment should be set at liberty, and all other creatures, birds and beasts, and then going to the garden, he offered to Surya every kind of charitable offering, in the way of meat and drink, and then gave him the option of leaving whenever he liked. On this Sûrya departed."

"Now," said Buddha, "at that time I was Sûrya, and Rahûla was Chandra, and because he allowed that Rishi to remain for six days in the garden, unattended to and without food, therefore he was himself for six years shut up in his mother's womb, unable to find deliverance."

Again, I remember in years gone by there was a large herd of cows kept by a certain rich man. Every day the wife and daugh. ter of the owner of the cows went to milk them. Once the mother took the girl with her, and made her carry the larger of the two milk pails; on returning home, the mother kept urging the girl to go faster as that part of the road was dangerous. But the girl only complained of the heavy weight of the pail of milk. At last, when her mother continued to urge her on, she got angry, and put down the pail and said, 'Here, mother! you carry my pail for a bit, whilst I step on one side for a purpose.' And so having got rid of the milk-pail, she let her mother carry it a distance of six krôsas, whilst she dawdled behind. Now this girl was afterwards born as Yasodharâ, and because of her undutiful conduct to her mother in making her carry the heavy pail for six krôsas, she had to carry Rahûla for six years."

The world-honoured one having explained these matters, and further preached the law to Suddhôdana and his guests, rose up and departed.

Then Yasodharâ sent Rahûla to the place where Buddha was, and told the child to ask his father for his kingdom (or authority over a district). On this the child came to where Buddha was, and going up to him said, "I want the Shaman to give me a kingdom. I want the Shaman to give me authority over a district." On this Buddha holding out his hand, Rahûla took it, and thus they went on together. Finally Buddha delivered Rahûla to the care of Sariputra, who instructed him in the rules of moral discipline, and finally he was admitted as a member of the community. And on this occasion Buddha bare record that, of all his disciples, Rahûla should be most remarkable for holding or keeping the precepts of the law (moral precepts). [The foregoing is what the Mahasanghikas say. The Kasyapîyas say somewhat otherwise, as follows]:

Now, when Suddhôdana had prepared the feast for the worldhonoured one, he gave strict orders through the palace that no one should tell Rahûla that Buddha was his father. Accordingly, the

bem morning Labja, surrounded by enlover of his DVI Zant. proses II The grove where Buadua was a tel him the al was reary. Then Buddha Bounded by the Briksins, 1200 in number, proceeded in order and viì muô deSTER LOVATOR the kig pubs Eanda serving the decom bensrion of the BLADE, and comparing will the noisy conduc of the CLLIGTEL, WHE THry must impressed, and or reaching the palace. he wassined the assem tief priests take their seats with their socustomed grarity, and then went up to the balcony where Tasodkara, Lit mother, whe She, too, had watched the wall-hoorred one and Lia followers approach, and or seeing her husband with ila stares crown and Kashaya robes, she burst into tears. And so the Gaza 876

"The young wife of the Sabra Prinee

Was Sauled Yasodhar Sulama,

When the saw for the first time the marks of a Recluse,
Her Leart was grieved, and her tears dowed fast.”

Kalla, finding his mother thus giving vent to her grief, inquired
of her why the wept, on which she said. “My child, yonder Shaman,
whose skin is bright as gold, is your father." Then Rabila replied,
"Never since I was born have I heard better news," and quickly
ran down, and going up to Buddha, sat down by his side, and
covered himself over with the robe of his father. The Bhikshus
wished to drive him away, but the world-honoured one forbad them
and said, 66
Let him stay, and let him hide himself in my robes.”
Then the feast over, Suddhódana having himself waited on the
priests, and provided water, etc., for cleansing the mouth and
fingers, the king occupying a small seat near the world-honoured
one, listened to the exposition of the law. Then Buddha began
his discourse!

"Of all sacrifices (that by) Fire is the chief,

Of all exhausting passions Grief is the chief,

Of all men a King is the chief,

Of all waters the Sea is the chief,
Of all stars the Moon is the chief,

Of all lights the Sun is the chief;

The stanzas following are also to be found in the "Sela Sutta" (sects. 19, 20) of the "Sutta Nipáta." Translated by Sir M. Coomára Swamy (Trübner & Co.).

Above, below, and through the earth,
Amongst all creatures that have life,

Whether gods or men, Buddha is chief."

Having repeated these lines with a view to excite in Suddhôdana some desire or thought about religion, the world-honoured one arose and departed to his place.

Then Suddhôdana having to be occupied for some time in official duties, Rahûla took the opportunity of leaving the palace and going after Buddha. On this the world-honoured one took him by the hand, and went onwards with him to the Nyagrodha grove. Then, at his own request, Rahûla was admitted by Sâriputra into the community as a Samanera. [The Bhikshus having reminded Buddha that the age for ordination was 20, the world-honoured made it a rule that at 15 (Rahûla's age) a youth may be received as a Samanera (novice).]

Meantime, Suddhôdana having sent every necessary article of food for the use of Buddha and his followers, now sat down to meat himself, and desired to have Rahûla by his side; but on sending for him he was nowhere to be found. Then the king ordered messengers to go to the different resorts of the prince; first to the Asoka grove, and see if he was in either of the palaces there. Not finding him, he sent to the Nyagrodha grove, and then the messengers came back with the news that Rahûla had entered the community. Then Suddhôdana was filled with grief, and rising up he went to the place where Buddha was. Arrived there the king explained how he had successively intended to leave his kingdom to Nanda, Ananda, Aniruddha, and Rahûla, but all these had become Ascetics, and now the king said, "I may as well resign my throne, for there is no one to succeed me." [Then Buddha made the rule that no one should be admitted to the community, except he had the express sanction of his parents.] Then for the sake of Suddhôdana, the world-honoured one entered on an explanation of the law, and so filled the king's heart with joy. After this the Râja returned home.

[There are other teachers1 who say that Rahûla was born two years before Buddha commenced his six years' penance, and that seven years after he had arrived at supreme wisdom, he went to Kapilavastu. This

1 Five teachers.

would make Rahula exactly 15 years old at the time of his becoming a Samanera.]

Again the body of teachers (sthaviras ?) say that Mahâprajapati having through much weeping lost her sight, then twelve years afterwards when Buddha returned to Kapilavastu, she, with Rahûla and 99,000 of the Sâkyas, went forth to salute him. Then hearing of the wonderful miracles which he wrought, such as causing fire to proceed from one part of his person and water from another, she took some of the miraculous water, and washing her eyes with it was restored to sight.

Then all the Bhikshus astonished at this miracle, Buddha said this was not the first time such an occurrence had taken place in the history of Mahâprajapati, and at the request of all the disciples, he related the following history.

[Kionen LV contains 5833 words, and cost 2.917 taels.]

CHAPTER LVI.

"I REMEMBER, oh Bhikshus! in years gone by there was a mountain in the Kasi country, near Benares,1 which was called Utsanga, on the southern face of which was a garden beautifully adorned with flowers, and water-tanks, and shady groves. Now in this mountain at a certain time there gathered a herd of elephants, amongst which was a certain female elephant that gave birth to a young one of a perfectly white colour except its head, which was of a dark rosy colour like the head of the Indragôpa2 bird. Moreover, this elephant had six tusks (chhadanta), and its seven parts planted on the ground (four feet, two tusks, and trunk). Now, this young elephant, having grown up to its full size, was so piously endowed that it even fetched food and other necessaries for its parents, so that it would never touch anything to eat himself till they had first been supplied. And so it happened that on one occasion, having wandered rather far in search of food, this elephant was seen by a certain chief of hunters, who, having set eyes on him, thought thus :

1 According to certain teachers.

2 But this is generally regarded as a beetle, or cochineal.