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rhetorick, by which the speaker shews, that he doubts where to begin for the multitude of matter, or what to say in some strange and ambiguous thing; and doth, as it were, argue the case with himself. Thus Cicero says, Whether be took them from his fellows more impudently, gave them to a barlot_more lasciviously, removed them from the Roman people more wickedly, or altered them more presumptuously, I cannot well declare. Smith APORRHOEA. n. s. [ámožjóin.] 'Effluvium ; emanation; something emitted by another. Not in use.

The reason of this he endeavours to make out by atomical aporrbeas, which passing from the cruentate weapon to the wound, and being incorporated with the particles of the salve, carry them to the affected part: Glanville's Scepsis. APOSIOPE'SIS. n. s. Lázoσancis, from azò, after, and ownáw, to be silent.] A. form of speech, by which the speaker, through some affection, as sorrow, bashfulness, fear, anger, or vehemency, breaks off his speech before it be all ended. A figure, when, speaking of a thing, we yet seem to conceal it, though indeed we aggravate it; or when the course of the sentence begun is so stayed, as thereby some part of the sentence, not being uttered, may be understood. Smith. APO'STASY. n. s. [ànigaois.] Departure from what a man has professed: generally applied to religion; sometimes with the particle from.

The canon law defines apostasy to be a wilful departure from that state of faith, which any person has professed himself to hold in the christian church. Ayliffe's Parergon. The affable archangel had forewarn'd Adam, by due example, to beware Apostasy, by what befel in heav'n To those apostates.

Milton.

Vice in us were not only wickedness, but apostasy, degenerate wickedness.

n. S.

Sprat.

Whoever do give different worships, must bring in more gods; which is an apostasy from one God. Stilling fleet. APO'STATE. [apostata, Lat. ά.] One that has forsaken his profession: generally applied to one that has left his religion.

The angels, for disobedience, thou hast reserved to a miserable immortality; but unto man, equally rebellious, equally apostate from thee and goodness, thou hast given a Saviour. Rogers' Sermons. Apostates in point of faith, are, according to the civil law, subject unto all punishments ordained against here.icks. Ayliffe. APOSTA TICAL. adj. [from apostate.] After the manner of an apostate.

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must not look upon a woman to lust after her, but because they are restrained from the perpetration of their lust. If wanton glances, and libidinous thoughts, had been permitted by the gospel, they would have apostatized nevertheless. Bentley.

To APO'STEMATE. v. n. [from aposteme.] To become an aposteme; to swell and corrupt into matter.

There is care to be taken in abscesses of the breast and belly, in danger of breaking inwards; yet, by opening these too soon, they sometimes apostemate again, and become crude. Wiseman. APOSTEMATION. n. s. [from apostemate.] The formation of an aposteme; the gathering of a hollow purulent tumour. Nothing can be more admirable than the many ways nature hath provided for preventing or curing of fevers; as, vomitings, apostemations, salivations, &c. Grew.

A'POSTEME. Į n. s. [¿ñónu.] A hollow
A'POSTUME. swelling, filled with puru-

lent matter; an abscess.

With equal propriety we may affirm, that ulcers of the lungs, or apostemes of the brains, do happen only in the left side. Brown's Vulg. Er.

The opening of apostemes, before the suppuration be perfected, weakeneth the heat, and renders them crude. Wiseman.

APO'STLE. n.s. [apostolus, Lat.or
A person sent with mandates by an-
other. It is particularly applied to them
whom our Saviour deputed to preach
the gospel.

To wear turbants is an apostatical conformity. Sandys. To APO'STATIZE. v. n. [from apostate.] To forsake one's profession: commonly, used of one who departs from his religion.

None revolt from the faith, because they
VOL. I.

But all his mind is bent to holiness;
His champions are the prophets and apostles.
Shakspeares

I am far from pretending infallibility; that would be to erect myself into an apostle: a presumption in any one that cannot confirm what he says by miracles. Locke.

We know but a small part of the notion of an apostle, by knowing barely that he is sent forth. Watts' Logicks APO'STLESHIP. adj. [from apostle.] The office or dignity of an apostle.

Where, because faith is in too low degree,

I thought it some apostleship in me
To speak things, which by faith alone I see.

Donné.

God hath ordered it, that St. Paul hath writ epistles; which are all confined within the business of his apostleship, and so contain nothing but Locke points of christian instruction. APOSTOLICAL. adj. [from apostolick.] Delivered or taught by the apostles; belonging to the apostles.

They acknowledge not, that the church keeps any thing as apostolical, which is not found in the apostles writings, in what other records soever Hooker. it be found. Declare yourself for that church which is founded upon scripture, reason, apostolical practice, and antiquity. Hooker. APOSTOLICALLY. adv. [from apostoli cal.] In the manner of the apostles. APOSTOLICALNESS. n. s. [from apostolical.] The quality of relating to the apostles; apostolical authority. APOSTO'LICK. adj. [from apostle. The accent is placed by Dryden on the antepenult.] Taught by the apostles; belonging to an apostle.

M

1

Their oppositions in maintenance of publick superstition against apostolick endeavours, were vain and frivolous. Hooker.

entire tone, after a greater semitone has been taken from it. The proportion in numbers of the apotome, is that of 2048 to 2187. Dryden. The Greeks thought

Or where did I at sure tradition strike, Provided still it were apostolick? APO'STROPHE. n. s. [¿ñо520pǹ, from atè, from, and gipw, to turn.]

1. In rhetorick, a diversion of speech to another person than the speech appointed did intend or require; or, it' is a turning of the speech from one per-. son to another many times abruptly. A figure when we break off the course of our speech, and speak to some new person, present or absent, as to the people or witnesses, when it was before directed to the judges or opponent. Smith. 2. In grammar, the contraction of a word by the use of a comma, as, tho' for though; rep for reputation.

Many laudable attempts have been made, by abreviating words with apostrophes; and by lopping polysyllables, leaving one or two syllables Swift. To APO'STROPHIZE. v. a. [from apostrophe.] To address by an apostrophe.

at most.

There is a peculiarity in Homer's manner of. apostrophizing Eumæus, and speaking of him in the second person: it is generally applied only to men of account. Pope. A'POSTUME. n. s. See APOSTEME. [This word is properly apostem.] A hollow tumour filled with purulent matter. How an apostume in the mesentery, breaking, causes a consumption in the parts, is apparent. Harvey To A'POSTUME. v. n. [from apostume] To apostemate. Diet. APOTHECARY. n. s. [apotheca, Lat. a repository.] A man whose employment is to keep medicines for sale.

Give me an ounce of civet, good apothecary, To sweeten my imagination. Shakspeare's K.Lear.

They have nocther doctor but the sun and the fresh air; and that such an one, as never sends them to the apothecary. South. Wand'ring in the dark, Physicians, for the tree, have found the bark; They, lab'ring for relief of human kind, With sharpen'd sight some remedies may find; Th' apothecary-train is wholly blind. Dryden APOTHEGM. .s. [properly apophthegm; which see. A remarkable saying.

By frequent conversing with him, and scattering short apothegms, and little pleasant stories, and making useful applications of them, his son was, in his infancy, taught to abhor vanity and vice as monsters. Walton's Life of Sanderson, APOTHEOSIS. n. s. [dnoDiwas.] Deifica

tion; the rite of adding any one to the number of gods.

As if it could be graved and painted omnipotent, or the nails and the hammer could give it an apotheosis.

South.

Garth.

Allots the prince of his celestial line
An apotheosis, and rites divine.
APO TOME. n. s. [from αποτέμνω, to cut
off.]

1. In mathematicks, the remainder or dif-
ference of two incommensurable quan-
.. tities.

2. in musick, the part remaining of an

that the greater tone could not be divided into two equal parts; for which reason. they call the first part anоTon, and the other λημνα. Chambers.

A'POZEM. n. s. [and, from, and (w, to boil.] A decoction; an infusion made by boiling ingredients. During this evacuation, he took opening broths and apozems. Wiseman's Surgery. Squirts read Garth till apozems grow cold.

Gay. To APPA'L. v. a. [appalir, Fr. It might more properly have been written appale.] To fright; to strike with sudden fear; to depress; to discourage.

Whilst she spake, her great words did appal My feeble courage, and my heart oppress, That yet I quake and tremble over all. Fairy Q. Give with thy trumpet a loud note to Troy, Thou dreadful Ajax; that th' appalled air May pierce the head of thy great combatant. Shakspeare.

The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum; but took time to consider of it till next day. Clarendon.

Does neither rage inflame, nor fear appal, Nor the black fear of death that saddens all? Pope

The monster curls His flaming crest, all other thirst appall'd, Or shiv'ring flies, or choak'd at distance stands. Thomson. APPA'LEMENT. n. s. [from appal.] Depression; discouragement; impression of fear.

APPANAGE. n.

As the furious slaughter of them was a great discouragement and appalement to the rest. Bacon. s. [appanagium, low Latin; probably from panis, bread.] Lands set apart by princes for the maintenance of their younger children.

He became suitor for the earldom of Chester, a kind, of appanage to Wales, and using to go to the king's son. Bacon.

Had he thought it fit That wealth should be the appanage of wit, The God of light could ne'er have been so blind, To deal it to the worst of human kind. Swift. APPARAʼTUS. n.'s. [Latin.] Things provided as means to any certain end, as the tools of a trade; the furniture of a house; ammunition for war; equipage; show.

There is an apparatus of things previous to be adjusted, before I come to the calculation itself.

Woodward

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Sidney.

3. To cover, or deck, as with dress. You may have trees apparelled with flowers, by boring holes in them, and putting into them. earth, and setting seeds of violets. Bacon.

Shelves, and rocks, and precipices, and gulfs, being apparelled with a verdure of plants, would resemble mountains and valleys. Bentleys

4. To fit out; to furnish. Not in use. It hath been agreed, that either of them should send ships to sea well manned and apparelled to fight. Sir J. Hayzard. APPARENT. adj. [apparent, Fr. apparens, Lat]

I. Plain; indubitable; not doubtful.

The main principles of reason are in themselves apparent. For to make nothing evident of itself unto man's understanding, were to take away all possibility of knowing any thing. Hooker. 2. Seeming in appearance; not real.

;

The perception intellective often corrects the report of phantasy, as in the apparent bigness of the sun, the apparent crookedness of the staff in Hale's Origin of Mankind.

air and water.

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3.

4.

5.

I have mark'd

A thousand blushing apparitions

To start into her face; a thousand innocent shames

away

In angel whiteness bear those blushes. Shakspeare.

A glorious apparition! had no doubt, And carnal fear, that day dimm'd Adam's eyes. Milton.

Any thing besides may take from me the sense of what appeared; which apparition, it seems, was you. Tatler.

A spectre; a walking spirit.

Horatio says 'tis but our phantasy, Touching this dreaded sight twice seen of us; Therefore I have intreated him, That if again this apparition come,

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He may approve our eyes, and speak to it. Shak Tender minds should not receive early im pressions of goblins, spectres, and apparitions, wherewith maids fright them into compliance. Locket

One of those apparitions had his right hand filled with darts, which he brandished in the face of all who came up that way. Tatler. Something only apparent, not real. Still there's something

That checks my joys

-Nor can I yet distinguish

Denham

Which is an apparition, this or that. Astronomically, the visibility of some luminary: opposed to occultation.

A month of apparition is the space wherein the moon appeareth, deducting three days. wherein it commonly disappeareth; and this containeth but twenty-six days and twelve hours. Brown's Vulgar Errours. APPA'RITORS. n. s. [from appareo, Lat, to be at hand.]

1. Such persons as are at hand to execute the proper orders of the magistrate or judge of any court of judicature. Ayliffe: 2. The lowest officer of the ecclesiastical court; a summoner.

They swallowed all the Roman hierarchy, from the pope to the apparitor. Ayliffer To APPA'Y. v. a. Lappayer, old Fr. to satisfy.]

1. To satisfy; to content: whence quell appayed, is pleased; ill appayed, is uneasy. It is now obsolete.

How well appaid she was her bird to find!

Sidney

I am well appaid that you had rather believe, than take the pain of a long pilgrimage. Camden. So only can high justice rest appaid. Milton. 2. The sense is obscure in these lines:

Ay, Willy, when the heart is ill assay'd, How can bagpipe or joints be well appaid? Spens. To APPE'ACH. v. a.

1. To accuse; to inform against any per

son.

He did, amongst many others, appeach sir William Stanley, the lord chamberlain. Bacon. Where he twenty times My son, I would appeach him. Shakspeare.

Disclose

The state of your affection; for your passions Have to the fuil appeached. Shakspeare.

2. To censure; to reproach; to taint with accusation.

For when Cymochles saw the foul reproach, Which them appeached; prick'd with guilty

shame

And inward grief, he fiercely gan approach, Resolv'd to put away that lordly shame. Fairy Q. Nor canst, nor durst thou, traitor, on thy pain, Appeach my honour, or thine own maintain.

Dryden. APPEACHMENT. n. s. [from appeach.] Charge exhibited against any man; ac

cusation.

A busy-headed man gave first light to this appeachment; but the earl did'avouch it.

Hayward. The duke's answers to his appeachments, in number thirteen, I find civilly couched. Wotton. To APPEAL. v. n. [appello, Lat.] 1. To transfer a cause from one to another with the particles to and from, From the ordinary therefore they appeal to themselves. Hooker.

2. To refer to another as judge.

Force, or a declared sign of force, upon the person of another, where there is no common superior on earth to appeal to for relief, is the state of war; and it is the want of such an ap'peal gives a man the right of war, even against aggressor, though he be in society, and a fellow-subject.

Locke.

They knew no foe but in the open field, And to their cause and to the gods appeal'd.

3. To call another as witness.

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Stepney.

Whether this, that the soul always thinks, be a self-evident proposition, I appeal to mankind.

Locke.

4. To charge with a crime; to accuse: a term of law.

One but flatters us, As well appeareth by the cause you come on, Namely, appeal each other of high treason. Shakspeare.

APPEAL. n. 3. [from the verb.]
1. A provocation from an inferior to a su-
perior judge, whereby the jurisdiction
of the inferior judge is for a while sus-
pended, in respect of the cause; the
cognizance being devolved to the supe-
rior judge.
Ayliffe's Parergon.

This ring
Deliver them, and your appeal to us
There make before them.

Shakspeare.
Our reason prompts us to a future state,
The last appeal from fortune and from fate,
Where God's all-righteous ways will be declar'd.
Dryden.

There are distributres of justice, from whom Addison. there lies an appeal to the prince. 2. In the common law, an accusation; which is a lawful declaration of another man's crime before a competent judge, by one that sets his name to the declaration, and undertakes to prove it, upon the penalty that may ensue of the contrary; more commonly used for the private accusation of a murderer, by a party who had interest in the party murdered, and of any felon, by one of his accomplices in the fact. Corvell.

The duke's unjust, Thus to retort your manifest appeal, And put your trial in the villain's mouth, Which here you come to accuse. Shakspeare.

Hast thou, according to thy oath and bond, Brought hither Henry Hereford, thy bold son, Here to make good the boist'rous late appeal Against the duke of Norfolk?

Shakspeare.

3. A summons to answer a charge.

4.

Nor shall the sacred character of king Be urg'd to shield me from thy bold appeal; If I have injur'd thee, that makes us equal. Dryden.

A call upon any as witness. The casting up of the eyes, and lifting up of the hands, is a kind of appeal to the Deity, the author of wonders.

Bacon.

APPE'ALANT. n. s. [from appeal.] He that appeals. Lords appealants,

Your diff'rences shall all rest under gage, Till we assign you to your days of trial. Shaks. APPEALER. . . [from appeal.] One who makes an appeal.

To APPEAR. v. n. [appareo, Lat.] 1. To be in sight: to be visible.

As the leprosy appeareth in the skin of the flesh. Leviticus. And half her knee and half her breast appear, By art like negligence, disclos'd and bare. Prior. 2. To become visible as a spirit.

For I have appeared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness. Acts.. 3. To stand in the presence of another, generally used of standing before some superiour; to offer himself to the judgment of a tribunal.

When shall I come and appear before God?

4. To be the object of observation.

Psalms.

Let thy work appear unto thy servants, and thy glory unto their children. Psalms. 5. To exhibit one's self before a court of justice.

Keep comfort to you, and this morning see You do appear before them. Shakspeare.

6. To be made clear by evidence.

Egfrid did utterly waste and subdue it, as ap pears out of Beda's complaint against him; and Edgar brought it under his obedience, as appears by an ancient record. Spenser's Ireland. 7. To seem, in opposition to reality.

His first and principal care being to appear unto his people, such as he would have them be, and to be such as he appeared. Sidney. My noble master will appear Such as he is, full of regard and honour. Shaks. 8. To be plain beyond dispute.

From experiments, useful indications may be taken, as will appear by what follows. Arbuth APPEARANCE. n. s. [from To appear.] 1. The act of coming into sight; as, they

were surprised by the sudden appearance of the enemy.

2. The thing seen; as, the remarkable appearances in the sky.

3. Phenomenon; that quality of any thing which is visible.

The advancing day of experimental knowledge discloseth such appearances, as will not lie even in any model extant. Glanville's Scepsis.

4. Semblance; not reality.

He encreased in estimation, whether by destiny, or whether by his virtues, or at least by his appearances of virtues. Hayward.

Heroic virtue did his actions guide, And he the substance not th' appearance chose. Dryden.

The hypocrite would not put on the appearance of virtue, if it was not the most proper means to gain love. Addison. 5. Outside; show.

Under a fair and beautiful appearance there should ever be the real substance of good. Rogers. 6. Entry into a place or company.

Do the same justice to one another, which will be done us hereafter by those, who shall make their appearance in the world, when this generation is no more. Addison.

7. Apparition; supernatural visibility.

I think a person terrified with the imagination of spectres, more reasonable than one who thinks the appearance of spirits fabulous.

Addison.

8. Exhibition of the person to a court. I will not tarry; no, nor ever more Upon this business my appearance make In any of their courts. Shakspeare's Henry VIII. 9. Open circumstance of a case.

Or grant her passion be sincere, How shall his innocence be clear? Appearances were all so strong,

The world must think him in the wrong. Swift. 10. Presence; mien.

Health, wealth, victory, and honour, are introduced; wisdom enters the last; and so captivates with her appearance, that he gives himself up to her. Addison.

11. Probability seeming; likelihood.

There is that which hath no appearance, that this priest being utterly unacquainted with the true person, according to whose pattern he should shape his counterfeit, should think it possible for him to instruct his player. Bacon. APPEAKER. n. s. [from To appear.] The person that appears.

That owls and ravens are ominous appearers, and presignify unlucky events, was an augurial conception. Brown.

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APPEASABLE. adj. [from To appease.] That may be pacified; reconcileable. APPE ASABLENESS. n. s. [from To appease.] The quality of being easily appeased; reconcileableness. To APPEASE. v. a. [appaiser, Fr.] 1. To quiet; to put in a state of peace. By his counsel he appeaseth the deep, and planteth islands therein. Ecclus.

settled.

England had no leisure to think of reformation, till the civil wars were appeased, and peace Davies on Ireland, 2. To pacify; to reconcile; to still wrath. So Simon was appeased toward them, and fought no more against them.

1 Mac.

O God! if my deep prayers cannot appease thee, Yet execute thy wrath on me alone. Shaksp The rest shall hear me call, and oft be warn'd Their sinful state, and to appease betimes Th' incensed Deity.

3. To still; to quiet.

The rest

They cut in legs and fillets for the feast,

Milton.

Which drawn and serv'd, their hunger they appease. Dryden. APPE ASEMENT. n. s. [from To appease.] A state of peace.

Being neither in numbers nor in courage great, partly by authority, partly by entreaty, they were reduced to some good appeasements. Hayward, APPE'ASER. n. s. [from To appease.] Hé that pacifies others; he that quiets disturbances. APPELLANT. n. s. [appello, Lat. to call.] A challenger; one that summons another to answer either in the lists or in a court of justice.

2.

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Who now defies thee thrice to single fight. Milt. One that appeals from a lower to a higher power.

An appeal transfers the cognizance of the cause to the superior judge; so that pending the appeal, nothing can be attempted in prejudice of the appellant. Ayliffe's Parergon. APPELLATE. n.s. [appellatus, Lat.] The person appealed against.

An appellatory libel ought to contain the name of the party appellant; the name of him from whose sentence it is appealed; the name of him to whom it is appealed; from what sentence it is appealed; the day of the sentence pronounced, and appeal interposed; and the name of the party appellate, or person against whom the appeal is lodged. Ayliffe's Parergan. APPELLATION. n. s. [appellatio, Lat.] Name; word by which any thing is called.

Nor are always the same plants delivered under the same name and appellation. Brown. Good and evil commonly operate upon the mind of man, by respective names or appellations, by which they are notified and conveyed to the mind. South.

APPELLATIVE. n. s. [appellativum, Lat.]

Words and names are either common or proper. Common names are such as stand for universal ideas, or a whole rank of beings, whether general or special. These are called appellatives. So fish, bird, man, city, river, are common names; and so are trout, eel, lobster; for they all agree to many individuals, and some to many species. Watts' Logick. APPELLATIVELY. adv. [from appellative.] According to the manner of nouns appellative; as, this man is a Hercules. Hercules is used appellatively, to signify a strong man.

APPELLATORY. adj. [from appeal.] That contains an appeal. Sce APPELLATE. APPELLEE. n. s. [from appeal.] One who is appealed against and accused.

Dict.

To APPEʼND. v. a. [appendo, Lat. to hang to any thing.]

1. To hang any thing upon another; as, the inscription was appended to the column; the seal is appended to the record. 2. To add to something, as an accessory, not a principal part.

.

APPENDAGE. n. s. [French.] Something added to another thing, without being necessary to its essence, as a portico to the house,

Modesty is the appendage of sobriety, and is to chastity, to temperance, and to humility, as the fringes are to a garment. Tavior,

None of the laws of motion now established, will serve to account for the production, motion, or number of bodies, nor their appendages, though they may help us a little to conceive their appearances, Cheyne.

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