17-1. ARCTIUM. 49. 54.

lappa (burdock. O. r. Au. 4). cauline leaves heart-form, petioled, toothed flowers panicled, globose: calyx smooth.

10-3. ARENARIA. 22. 82.

1. Leaves oblong.

lateriflora (sand-wort. O. w. J. 4). stem filiform, simple: leaves ovate, obtuse, sub-triple-nerved: peduncles lateral, solitary, elongated, 2 cleft; one pedicel middle-bracted; corolla longer than the calyx. 6-10 i.

18-1. ARETHUSA. 7. 21.

bulbo'sa (arethusa. O. r. J. 4.) leafless root globose; scape sheathed, 1 flowered; calyx with the superior divisions incurved; lip sub-crenulate, Flowers large, sweet-scented. Damp. 18-6. ARISTOLOCHIA. 11. 23.

serpenta'ria (O. p. J. 4). leaves heart-form, oblong, acuminate; stem zigzag, ascending; peduncles radical; lips of the corolla lanceolate. (The virginia snake-root). There is a variety with very long, narrow leaves.

11–1. ARMENIACA. 36. 92.

Exotic.

vulgaris (apricot. 5). leaves sub-cordate; stipules palmate. Var. precox (early apricot). fruit small, yellow. Var. persicoides (peach apricot). fruit subcompressed.

11-5. ARONIA. 36. 92.

botrya'pium (shad-bush, june-berry. O. w. Ap. ). leaves oblong-oval, cuspidate, glabrous when mature (when first expanded lanceolate and downy); flowers racemed; petals linear; germs pubescent; segments of the calyx glabrous.

17-2. ARTEMISIA. 49. 55.
Exotic.

pon"tica (roman artemisia). leaves downy beneath; cauline ones bipinnate; leafets linear; branches simple; flowers roundish, peduncled, nodding. absynth"ium (wormwood. 4). stem branching, panicled; leaves hoary; radical ones triply pinnatifid; divisions lanceolate, toothed, obtuse; cauline ones 2 pinnatifid or pinnatifid; divisions lanceolate, acutish; floral ones undivided, lanceolate. Naturalized in the most mountain districts of New England. abrota'num (southern-wood. 4. & ). stem straight; lower leaves bipinnate; upper ones hair form, pinnate; calyx pubescent, hemispheric

19-12. ARUM. 2. 7.

triphyllum (indian turnip, wild turnip, wake robin. O. p. g. & w. M. 4). subcaulescent; leaves ternate; leafets ovate, acuminate, spadix club-form; spatha ovate, acuminate, peduncled with the lamina as long as the spadix. One variety, virens, has a green spatha; another, atropurpureum, has a darkpurple spatha; another, album, has a white spatha. 1-3 f.

3-2. ARUNDO. 4. 10.

canadensis (E. Au. 4). panicle oblong, loose; glumes scabrous, pubescent, as long as the corolla; corolla awned on the back; hairs at the base equalling the valves: culm and leaves smooth. 3-4 f.

18-12. ASARUM. 11. 23.

canadense (white snake-root, wild ginger. O. g-p. M. 4), leaves broad-reniform, in pairs; calyx woolly, deeply 3 parted; the segments sub-lanceolate, reflexed. S.

18-5. ASCLEPIAS. 30. 47.

1. Leaves opposite.

syri'aca (common milkweed, O. w-p. Ju. 4), stem very simple; leaves lanceolate-oblong, gradually acute, downy beneath; umbels sub-nodding, downy, 3 to five feet high; flowers in large, close clusters, sweet-scented-pollinia are fly-traps. 3-5 f. S.

incarnata (O. r. Ju 4), stem erect, branching above, downy; leaves lanceolate, sub-downy both sides; umbels mostly double at their origin; the little horn of the nectary exsert. A variety pulchra is more hairy. Var. glabra, almost glabrous. Var. alba, has white flowers. Damp. 3 f. S.

quadrifolia (O. w. p-w. M. 4), stem erect, simple, glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminate, petioled; those in the middle of the stem are largest, and in fours; umbels 2, terminal, lax-flowered; pedicels filiform. About 18 inches high; flowers small and sweet-scented. S.

2. Leaves not opposite.

verticilla'ta (dwarf milkweed. O. g-y. w. Ju. 4), stem erect, very simple, marked with lines, and small pubescence; leaves very narrow-linear, straight, glabrous, whorled, scattered; horn in the nectary exsert. 2 f. S.

6-1. ASPARAGUS. 11. 12.

Exotic.

officinalis (asparagus. Ju. 4), stem herbaceous, unarmed, sub-erect, terete; leaves bristle-form, soft; stipules sub-solitary Naturalized in the northern

and southern districts. 4 f.

6-1. ASPHODELUS. 10. 16.

Exotic.

lu'teus (asphodel, king's spear. 4), stem leafy; leaves 3 sided, striate.

21-1. ASPIDIUM. 55. 5.

marginale (O. Ju. 4), front doubly-pinnate; lesser leafets oblong, obtuse, decurrent, crenate more deeply crenate at the base; fruit dots marginal; stipe chaffy. 2-3 f. S.

17-2. ASTER. 49. 55.

1. Leaves entire.

rigidus (p. y. Au. 4), leaves linear, mucronate, sub-carinate, rigid; margin rough-ciliate; the cauline leaves reflexed; the branch ones spreading, subulate; stem erect, somewhat branched above; branchlets 1 flowered, corymbed; calyx imbricate, twice as short as the disk; scales obtusish, carinate; rays about 10 flowered, reflexed. Hardly a foot high. S. linariifolius (O. p y. Au. 4), leaves thick-set, nerveless, linear, mucronate, dotted, carinate, rough, stiff, those on the branches recurved; stem subdecumbent; branches level-topped, 1 flowered; calyx imbricate, of the length of the disk; stem rough, purplish S.

:

multiflorus (O. w-y. Au. to Nov. 4, leaves linear, smoothish; stem very branching, diffuse, pubescent; branchlets one-way; calyx imbricate; scales oblong, scurvy, acute. S. flexuosus (L. O. y. w-p. Au. 4), very glabrous leaves subulate linear, somewhat fleshy, sub-reflexed stem slender, very branching: branches and branchlets spreading, bristle-form, 1 flowered: scales of the peduncles divaricate, subulate; calyx imbricate, scales close-pressed, acute. Salt marshes. S. cornifolius (O. w. Au. 4), glabrous; leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, shortpetioled; margin rough; stem glabrous; panicle few-flowered; branches 2 flowered; calyx sub-imbricate.

amygdali'nus (O. w. S. 4), leaves lanceolate, tapering to the base, acuminate : margin rough; stem simple, level-top-corymbed at the top: calyx lax-imbricate; scales lanceolate, obtuse. Rays large. S.

nova-anglia (O. b-p. Au. 4), leaves linear-lanceolate, pilose, clasping, auricled at the base; stem sub-simple, pilose, straight and stiff; flowers sub-sessile, terminal, crowded; scales of the calyx lax, coloured, lanceolate, longer than the disk. In rich soil it grows 10 feet high; flowers large. S.

cyaneus (O. b-p. Au. 4), leaves linear-lanceolate, clasping, smooth; stem wand-like-panicled, very glabrous; branches racemed; scales of the calyx lax, lanceolate, equalling the disk, inner ones coloured at the apex. 3-4 f. Flowers many and large. This is the handsomest of all asters. S.

2. Leaves more or less cordate and ovate, serrate, or toothed. diversifolius (E. y. p. S. 4), leaves nearly entire, undulate, pubescent, subscabrous; lower ones cordate, ovate, with winged petioles; upper ones lance oblong; panicle loose, the branches slender, racemose. 3 f. S. panicula'tus (O. b-p. Au. to Nov. 4), leaves ovate lanceolate, sub-serrate, petioled, glabrous; radical ones ovate heart form, serrate, rough, petioled; petioles naked; stem very branching, glabrous; branchlets pilose; calyx lax, sub-imbricate. 2-4 f. Flowers smallish, numerous. S.

cordifolius (O. w. S. 4), leaves heart form, pilose beneath, sharp serrate, petio

led; petioles winged; stem panicled, smoothish; panicles divaricate; calyx lax, sub-imbricate. Flowers small.

corymbosus (O. w. Au. 4), leaves ovate, sharp serrate, acuminate, smoothish; lower ones heart form, petioled; petioles naked; stem glabrous, level top corymbed above; branches pilose; calyx oblong, imbricate; scales obtuse, very close pressed. 12-14i. Flowers rather large.

3. Leaves lanceolate and ovate, lower ones serrate.

amplexicaulis (O. b. S. 4), leaves ovate oblong, acute, clasping, heart form, serrate, glabrous; stem panicled, glabrous; branchlets 1-2 flowered; scales of the calyx lanceolate, closely imbricate. Flowers middle sized. versicolor (y-w. Au. 4), leaves sub-clasping, broad lanceolate, sub-serrate, glabrous; radical ones serrate in the middle; stem very branching, glabrous ; scales of the calyx lanceolate, lax, shorter than the disk. Flowers many and large, elegant. S.

tardiflorus (b. Oc. 4), leaves sessile, serrate, glabrous, spatulate lanceolate, tapering to the base, deflected at the margin and both sides; branches divaricate; calyx lax, the leafets lanceolate linear, sub-equal, glabrous. Flowers not middle size.

conyzo'ides (O. w. Ju. 4), leaves oblong, 3 nerved, narrow and acute at the base; upper ones sessile, sub-entire; lower ones petioled, serrate; stem simple, corymbed at the top; calyx cylindric, scurfy; rays 5, very short. About 12 inches high; flowers small.

Exotic.

chinensis (china aster. ), leaves ovate, thickly toothed, petioled; cauline ones sessile, at the base wedge form; floral ones lanceolate, entire; stem hispid; branches 1 flowered; calyx foliaceous. A variety has very full flowers, various coloured, and very short rays. Cultivated.

3-2. AVENA. 4. 10.
Exotic.

sati'va (oats J. ), panicled; 2 seeded; seeds smooth, one of them awned. First discovered in the island of Juan Fernandez. A variety is awnless, and has black seeds.

5-1. AZALEA. 18. 50.

nudiflo'ra (early honeysuckle, pinxter blomachee. O. r. M. ), sub-naked flowered; leaves lanceolate oblong, or oval, smooth or pubescent, uniform-coloured; nerves on the upper side downy, and beneath bristly; margin ciliate; flowers abundant, not viscous; their tubes longer than their divisions; teeth of the calyx short, oval, sub-rounded; stamens very much exsert. variety, coccinea, has scarlet flowers and lanceolate leaves: another, rutilans, has deep red flowers, and minute calyx; another, carnea, has pale red flowers, with red bases and leafy calyx; another, alba, has white flowers, with a middling calyx; another, papilionacea, has red flowers, with the lower divisions white, calyx leafy; another, partita, has flesh coloured flowers, 5 parted to the base; another, polyandria, has rose coloured flowers, with from 10 to 20 stamens. Woods. 2-6 f.

21-5. BÆOMYCES. 57. 2.

ros"eous, crust uniform, warty, white; peduncle (podetia) short, cylindric\; receptacle sub-globose, pale red. On the earth.

10-1. BAPTISIA. 32. 93.

tincto'ria (wild indigo, O. y. Ju. 4), very glabrous and branching: leaves ternate, sub-sessile; leafets wedge obovate, round obtuse (becoming black in drying); stipules obsolete, oblong, acute, much shorter than the petioles; racemes terminal: legumes ovate, long stiped. 2-3 f.

Southern.

alba (O. w. J. 4), branches spreading; leaves ternate, petioled; leafets lanceolate, wedge form at the base, obtuse, mucronate, glabrous; stipules subulate, shorter than the petioles; racemes terminal. 2. f.

13-2. BARTSIA. 40. 35.

pal'lida (white painted cup. A. w-y. Au. 4), leaves alternate, linear, undivided; upper ones lanceolate; floral ones sub-oval, sub-toothed at the summit; all are 3 nerved; teeth of the calyx acute.

17-2. BELLIS. 49. 55.

Exotic.

peren"nis (daisy. w. & p. Ap. 4), leaves obovate, crenate; scape naked, 1 flowered. Grows wild in cultivated fields in Pittsfield, Mass.

6-1. BERBERIS. 54. 78.

vulgaris (barberry. y. M. 5), (branches punctate; prickles mostly in threes; leaves obovate, remotely serrate; flowers racemed.

5-2. BETA. 12. 29.

Exotic.

vulgaris (beet. g. Au. ), flowers heaped together; lower leaves ovate. 19-12. BETULA. 50. 99.

populifolia (white birch, poplar birch. Ju. ), leaves deltoid, long acuminate, unequally serrate, very glabrous; scales of the strobile with rounded lateral lobes; petioles glabrous. 30-40 f.

13-2. BIGNONIA. 40. 45.

radi'cans (trumpet flower. O. r. & y. Ju. ), leaves pinnate; leafets ovate, toothed, acuminate; corymb terminal; tube of the corolla thrice as long as the calyx; stem rooting. Most beautiful climbing shrub. One variety, flammea, has yellow scarlet flowers; another variety, coccinea, has bright scarlet flowers. Cultivated. S.

1-2. BLITUM. 12. 29.

capita'tum (strawberry blite. O. r. J. ), heads in a terminal spike, not intermixed with leaves; leaves triangular, toothed. 15 i. S.

21-6. BOLETUS. 58. 1.

ignia'rius, dilated, smooth, cuticle in ridges; pileus hard, becoming dark at the base, at the margin cinnamon colour, beneath yellowish white. Grows on trunks. General form like a horse's hoof. It is called touch-wood.

5-1. BORAGO. 41. 42.

officinalis (borage. b. Ju. ), leaves alternate; calyx spreading.

14-2. BRASSICA. 39. 63.

Exotic.

depressed, fleshy; radical leaves Var. ruta-baga, has a turbinate,

ra'pa (turnip. ), root caulescent, orbicular, rough; cauline ones very entire, smooth. sub-fusiform root. olera'cea (common cabbage, including all the varieties caused by culture. 8), root caulescent, terete, fleshy; leaves smooth, glaucous, repand lobate.

3-2. BRIZA. 4. 10.

media (quaking grass, rattle-snake grass? E. J. 4), panicle erect; spikelets heart ovate, about 7 flowered; calyx smaller than the flowers. 1 f. Probably introduced.

13-2. BUCHNERA. 40. 34. america'na (blue-hearts. O. b. Au. 4), stem simple; leaves lanceolate, sub-dentate, rough, 3 nerved; flowers remote, spiked. In the herbarium this plant becomes black. 1f. S.

11-1. CACTUS. 13. 85.

opuntia (prickly pear. E. y. J. 4), proliferous; articulations compressed, ovate; bristles fascicular. The plant appears like a series of thick succulent leaves, one growing from the top of another. S.

17-4. CALENDULA. 49. 55.

Exotic.

officinalis (pot marygold. y.), seed keeled, muricate, incurved.

19-12. CALLA. 2. 7.

palu'stris (water arum. O. w. J. 4), leaves sub-roundish, heart form, acute; spatha ovate, cuspidate, spreading when mature. Grows in wet places. 12-13. CALTHA. 26. 61.

palu'stris (O. y. Ap. 4), stem erect; leaves cordate, sub-orbicular, acute crenate. 12-18 i.

5-1. CAMPANULA. 29. 52.

rotundifolia (flax, bell-flower, hair-bell. O. b. J. 4), glabrous; radical leaves heart reniform, crenate; cauline ones linear, entire; panicle lax, few flowerered; flowers nodding.

american'a (E b. Au. 4), leaves ovate lanceolate, long acuminate; lower ones sub-cordate, with the petioles ciliate; flowers axillary, nearly sessile, in a terminal leafy raceme; corolla sub-rotate; style exsert. Cultivated. 2. f.

20-5. CANNABIS. 53. 98.

Exotic.

sati'va (hemp. G. Au. ), stem pilose; leaves petioled, digitate; leafets lanceolate, serrate, pilose; staminate flowers solitary, axillary; pistillate ones spiked. 4-10 f.

5-1. CAPSICUM. 28. 41.

Exotic.

an"nuum (guinea pepper, red pepper, cayenne pepper. y-g. w. Au. ), stem herbaceous; peduncles solitary. From South America. 10-18 i.

14-2. CARDAMINE. 39. 63.

pennsylvanica (American water cress. O. w. M. 4), glabrous, branching; leaves pinnate; leafets roundish oblong, obtuse, tooth angled; silique narrow, erect. S.

17-1. CARDUUS. 49. 54.

pectina'tus (E. p. 3), unarmed; leaves decurrent, lanceolate, pectinately pinnatifid; peduncles almost leafless, terminal, very long, about 1 flowered; flowers nodding, often discharging the pollen; scales of the calyx linear spreading.

19-3. CAREX. 3. 9.

sterilis (barren sedge. O. M. 4), spikelets in fives, sessile, approximate; fruit ovate, acuminate or somewhat beaked, 2 cleft, 3 sided compressed, scabrous at the margin; equalling the ovate acutish scale. 8i. Wet. S. retroflex'a (O. M. 4), spikelets about in fours, alternate, ovate sub-approximate, sessile, bracted; fruit ovate acutish, 2 toothed, margin glabrous or scabrous, reflex spreading, about equal to the ovate acute scale. 1 f. Woods. S. 17-1. CARTHAMUS. 49. 54.

Exotic.

tinctorius (false saffron, safflower. y. J. ), leaves ovate, entire, serrate aculeate.

5-2. CARUM. 45. 60.
Exotic.

ca'rui (caraway. w. ), stem branching; leaves with ventricose sheaths; partial involucrum none.

19-12. CARYA. 50. 94.

alba (shag walnut, shag bark hickory, O. M. 2), leafets about 7, long petioled, lance oblong, acuminate, sharply serrate, villose beneath; the terminal leafet sessile; ament filiform, glabrous; fruit globose, a little depressed; nut compressed, oblique. S.

10-1. CASSIA. 33. 93.

mariland"ica (wild senna, O. y. Au. 4), somewhat glabrous; leaves in 8 pairs, lance oblong, mucronate; flowers in axillary racemes, and in terminal panicles; legumes linear, curved. An excellent mild cathartic. B. River alluvion. 2-4 f.

chamæcrist"a (cassia, partridge pea. E. y. Au. ), somewhat glabrous; leaves linear, in many pairs, the glands on the petioles sub-pedicelled; two of the petals spotted: legumes pubescent. A most elegant plant. 8-16 i. Dry sand, &c. S.

nic"titans (E. y. Ju. ), spreading, pubescent; leaves in many pairs, linear; glands of the petioles pedicelled; peduncles short, supra-axillary, 2 or 3 flowered; flowers pentandrous. The leaves of this species, and of the chamæcristi, possess a considerable degree of irritability. ~ 12 i.

Exotic.

senn'a (Egyptian senna. ), leaves in 6 pairs; petioles glandless; legume reniform.

19-12. CASTANEA. 50. 99.

americana (chesnut. O. g. J. ), leaves lance-oblong, sinuate serrate, with the serratures mucronate, glabrous both sides. Large tree. S.