and immediately drawing the cork with a string prepared for the purpose, it may be drawn up full of fine untainted fresh water. There are fprings of this kind in various other parts of the State. In the county of Hunterdon, near the top of Muikonetcony mountain, is a noted medicinal spring, to which inval.ds refort from every quarter, It iffues from the fide of a mountain, and is conveyed into an artis ficial refervoir for the accommodation of those who wish to bathe in, as well as to drink, the waters. It is a strong chaly beate, and very cold. Thefe waters have been used with very confiderable success; but perhaps the exercise neceffary to get to them, and the purity of the air in this lofty fituation, aided by a lively imagination, have as great efficacy in curing the patient as the waters. A curious fpring has been difcovered, about two hundred yards from the south branch of Raritan river, from which, even in the dryest seasons, a small stream issues, except when the wind continues to blow from the north-weft for more than two days fucceffively, when it ceafes to run; and if the water be taken out of the cafk placed in the ground, it will remain empty until the wind changes, when it is again filled, and flows as ufual. In the township of Shrewsbury, in Monmouth county, on the fide of a branch of Navefink river, is a remarkable cave, in which there are three rooms. The cave is about thirty feet long and fifteen feet broad. Each of the rooms are arched; the center of the arch is about five feet from the bottom of the cave; the fides not more than two and an half. The mouth of the cave is fmall; the bottom is a loofe fand; and the arch is formed in a foft rock, through the pores of which the moisture is flowly exudated, and falls in drops the fand below. CIVIL DIVISIONS. on New-Jersey is divided into thirteen counties, viz. Cape May, Cumberland, Salem, Gloucefter, Burlington, Hunterdon, and Suffex, which lie from fouth to north on Delaware river. Cape May and Gloucester extend acrofs to the fea; Bergen, Effex, Middlefex, and Monmouth, which lie from north to fouth on the eastern fide of the State; Somerset and Morris. Thefe counties are fubdivided into ninety-four townships or precincts. CHIEF TOWNS. There are a number of towns in this State, nearly of equal fize and importance, and none that has more than about two hundred houfes compactly built. TRENTON. TRENTON. Trenton is one of the largest towns in New-Jerfey and the capital of the State. It is fituated on the north-east side of the river Delaware, oppofite the falls, nearly in the center of the State, from north to fouth, in latitude 40° 15', and about 20' eaft of the meridian of Philadelphia. The river is not navigable above these falls, except for boats which will carry from five to seven hundred bufhels of wheat. This town, with Lamberton, which joins it on the south, contains upwards of two hundred houfes, befides public buildings.-Here the legislature ftatedly meets, the fupreme court fits, and most of the public offices are kept. The inhabitants have lately erected a handsome court house one hundred feet by fifty, with a femi-hexagon at each end, over which is to be a balluftrade. In the neigh bourhood of this pleafant town are feveral gentlemen's feats, finely fituated on the banks of the Delaware, and ornamented with tafte and elegance. This town, being a thoroughfare between the caftern parts of the State and Philadelphia, has a confiderable inland trade. BURLINGTON CITY. Burlington extends three miles along the Delaware, and one mile back, at right angles, into the county of Burlington, and is twenty miles above Philadelphia by water, and seventeen by land. The island, which is the most populous part of the city, is a mile and a quarter in length, and three quarters of a mile in breadth. It has four entrances over bridges and caufeways, and a quantity of bank meadow adjoining. On the island are about one hundred and fixty houses, and feveral public buildings; few of the negroes in this city are flaves. The main streets are conveniently fpacious, and moftly ornamented with trees in the fronts of the houses, which are regularly arranged. The Delaware, oppofite the town, is about a mile wide; and under shelter of Mittinnicunk and Burlington iflands, affords a fafe and convenient harbour. It is commodiously fituated for trade, but is too near the opulent city of Philadelphia to admit of any confiderable increase of foreign commerce. There are two houses for public worship in the town, one for the Friends or Quakers, who are the most numerous, and one for Epifcopalians. The other public buildings are two market houses, a court house, and the best gaol in the State. Befides these, there is an academy, a free school, a nail manufactory, and an excellent diftil lery, if that can be called excellent which produces a poifon both of health and morals. The city was a free port under the State. The mayor, recorder, and aldermen, hold a commercial court, when the matter in contro verfy is between foreigners and foreigners, or between foreigners and citizens. The island of Burlington was laid out, and the first settlements made, as early as 1677. In 1682, the island of Mittinnicunk, or Free-School-Ifland, was given for the use of the island of Burlington; the yearly profits arifing from it, which amount to one hundred and eighty pounds, are appropriated for the education of poor children. PERTH AMBOY CITY. Perth-Amboy city took its name from James Drummond, Earl of Perth, and Ambo, the Indian word for point, and stands on a neck of land included between Raritan river and Arthur Kill found. Its fituation is high and healthy. It lies open to Sandy-Hook, and has one of the best harbours on the continent. Veffels from fea may Great efforts have been to render it a place of enter it in one tide in almost any weather. made, and legislative encouragements offered, trade, but without fuccefs. This town was early incorporated with eity privileges, and continued to fend two members to the General Affembly until the revolution: until this event, it was the capital of Eaft-Jerfey; and the legislature and fupreme court used to fit here and at Burlington alternately. BRUNSWICK CITY. Brunswick city was incorporated in 1784, and is fituated on the fouth-weft fide of Raritan river, over which a fine bridge has lately been built, twelve miles above Amboy. It contains about two hundred houfes, and more than two thousand inhabitants, one half of whom are Dutch. Its fituation is low and unpleasant, being on the bank of a river, and under a high hill which rifes at the back of the town. The ice, at the breaking up of the river in winter, frequently lodges on the fhallow fording place juft oppofite the town, and forms a temporary dam," which occafions the water to rife many feet above its ufual height, and fometimes to overflow the lower floors of thofe houfes which are not guarded against this inconvenience by having their foundations elevated. The streets are raised and paved with ftone. The water in the springs and wells is in general bad. The inhabitants are beginning to build on the hill above the town, which I is very pleafant, and commands a very agreeable profpect. The citizens have a confiderable inland trade, and feveral fmall veffels belonging to the port. PRINCE TOWN. Prince town is a pleasant village, of about eighty houfes, fifty-two miles from New-York, and forty-two from Philadelphia. Its public buildings are a large college edifice of ftone, and a Prefbyterian church built of brick. Its fituation is remarkably healthy. ELIZABETH TOWN. Elizabeth town is fifteen miles from New-York. Its fituation is pleafant, and its foil equal in fertility to any in the State. In the compact part of the town there are about one hundred and fifty houfes. The public buildings are a very handfome Prefbyterian brick church lately built,* an Epifcopal church alfo of brick, and an aca demy. This is one of the oldeft towns in the State. It was pur chafed of the Indians as early as 1664, and was fettled foon after. NEWARK. Newark is feven miles from New-York. It is a handfome flourishing town, about the fize of Elizabethtown, and has two Prefbyterian churches, one of which is of stone, and is the largest and most elegant building in the State. Befides these there is an epifcopal church, a court houfe, and a gaol. This town is celebrated for the excellence of its cyder, and is the feat of the largest shoe manufactory in the State: the average number made daily throughout the year, is estimated at about two hundred pair. POPULATION. In 1745, there were fixty-one thousand four hundred and three inhabitants in this State, of which four thousand fix hundred and fix were flaves in 1783, the number was forty-feven thousand three hundred and fixty-nine, of which three thousand nine hundred and eighty-oue were flaves. : In 1784, a cenfus of the inhabitants was made by order of the legislature, when they amounted to one hundred and forty thousand four hundred and thirty five, of which ten thousand five hundred and * Their former church, which was very elegant, was burnt in 1780 by a refugee, who was a native, and an inhabitant of Elizabethtown, onc |